• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.39-57
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• 2024

Purpose: Various policies continue to be strengthened to develop Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), which have a strategic role in the economy through the pillars of corporatization, capacity and financing to support strong and inclusive economic growth. Efforts to transform MSMEs marketing strategies are undertaken through eco-friendly digitalization to increase resilience and more productive and innovative capacity. Research design, data and methodology: This research is an exploratory qualitative approach taken to investigate the transformation of eco-friendly marketing strategies for MSMEs to increase competitiveness at the global level. The samples obtained were 425 MSMEs assisted by the DKI Jakarta, Bali, Java, Borneo, and Sumatera. The data collection technique used non-probability sampling (snowball sampling). Data is analyzed through collection, reduction, analysis, validity testing, presentation and conclusion. Results: This research shows the transformation of eco-friendly digital-based MSME marketing strategies occurred through four stages, namely production and institutional activities, expanding market share, digitalization and financing, and export market access. Conclusions: Eco-friendly digital transformation allows MSMEs competencies to be refined to improve business processes and business competitiveness at the international level. The contribution of this marketing strategy transformation is expanding MSMEs access to financial institutions (fintech), marketplaces, and QRIS (QR Code Indonesian Standard) digital payments.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.633-641
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• 1999

Reaction by neighbours to odours is increasingly affecting operations of existing animal farming operations and may adversely constrain the further development of the animal production industry in some parts of Australia. It is critical that the scale of such odour impact on the rural-urban interface be estimated to provide useful information both for environmental protection and animal farming operations. Furthermore, the information can be used to modify odour reduction strategies as economic conditions change. The Centre for Water and Waste Technology at The University of New South Wales has developed a comprehensive set of odour control techniques in the course of its research and development effort over the past eight years. Techniques have been developed for odour sampling at point, area and volume sources, monitoring environmental parameters such as ventilation rate, shed temperature, shed humidity, litter water content and ambient meteorological condition, olfactometry and odour dispersion modelling. The work has paved the way for the establishment of odour reduction strategies based on best environmental management practice and advanced odour abatement technologies.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.117-131
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to examine the current situation of B2B fashion buying behavior (i.e., buying motives, product characteristics, buying processes), and to analyze the buying performance, buying problems and buying strategies. In depth, face-to-face interviews with structured questionnaire were conducted with three buyers and three vendors related to 18 buying items of C Company. Results of this research were as following:1. Buying motives were mainly reduction of buying costs, improvement of profits, and increased efficiency in buying process for retail buyers, while the selling motive was mainly improvement of market share for suppliers. Suitable items for B2B buying were basic items or bulk items. The B2B buying process included the following steps: selecting auction items, target prices, and suppliers ; setting the product specification and bidding niles; training the suppliers for preparing the auction; proceeding the auction by internet. 2. The perceived B2B benefits for buyers were profit improvement and cost reduction while those for suppliers were time saving and market share improvement. The indicated buying problems were as poor product quality, low product image, and difficulty in partnership. For B2B buying strategies, a quality management system, various auction tactics based on items, and a supplier management system were recommended.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.426-436
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• 2018

This study assessed effective strategies to reduce the sodium intake among consumers using pork cutlet sauce as a model food system. Original pork cutlet sauce and sodium-reduced sauce (29% reduced by a salt substitute) were analyzed to characterize the sensory properties using descriptive analysis. The effects of sodium-reduction of the sauce, consumer type (nutrition teachers vs. general consumers), information related to the sodium content, serving method, and consumer's health, taste and sodium-related attitudes on the consumer's preference, perception, and intake of the sauce were analyzed using a consumer test. In descriptive analysis, the original and sodium-reduced sauce showed similar sensory characteristics but did not differ in saltiness. In the consumer test, there were no significant differences in the overall preference levels between the two sauces. On the other hand, there were significant differences in preference and perception between nutrition teachers and general consumer groups, which were due largely to their age as well as the health and sodium-related attitudes and nutritional knowledge differences. Sodium-reduced information decreased the perceived saltiness intensity. In addition, reducing sodium intake by serving pork cutlet sauce in a bottle can be an effective strategy because this serving method increased the acceptance and induced the smaller intake of sauce.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.139-150
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• 2024

Huanglongbing (HLB) is a disease caused by the phloem-limited Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas) that affects the citrus industry worldwide. To date, only indirect strategies have been implemented to eradicate HLB. Included among these is the population control of the psyllid vector (Diaphorina citri), which usually provides inconsistent results. Even though strategies for direct CLas suppression seem a priori more promising, only a handful of reports have been focused on a confrontation of the pathogen. Recent developments in polymer chemistry have allowed the design of polycationic self-assembled block copolymers with outstanding antibacterial capabilities. Here, we report the use of polymeric nano-sized bactericide particles (PNB) to control CLas directly in the phloem vasculature. The field experiments were performed in Rioverde, San Luis Potosí, and is one of the most important citrusproducing regions in Mexico. An average 52% reduction in the bacterial population was produced when PNB was injected directly into the trunk of 20 infected trees, although, in some cases, reduction levels reached 97%. These results position PNB as a novel and promising nanotechnological tool for citrus crop protection against CLas and other related pathogens.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.66 no.2
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• pp.53-62
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• 2024

This study assessed the efficiency of reducing soil erosion and suspended sediment through the restoration of alpine unauthorized and illegally cultivated fields, using the SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model in the Mandae District. The results showed that in Scenario 5, which involved restoring unauthorized and illegal fields within forests, along rivers (banks), and in ditch areas were restored to their original land categories, achieved the highest efficiency in reducing average annual soil erosion and suspended sediment, with reductions of 8.1% and 4.5%, respectively. In particular, it was confirmed that the restoration of unauthorized and illegal fields within forested areas has a significant impact. This demonstrated that the restoration of unauthorized and illegal agricultural fields can substantially reduce the soil erosion and suspended sediment attributable to non-point source pollution. Our findings highlight the importance of managing these unauthorized and illegal agricultural activities in developing sustainable strategies within non-point source pollution management areas. This study is expected to provide important basic data to effectively establish water quality improvement strategies in the region of non-point source pollution management.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2016.02a
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• pp.394-394
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• 2016

The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell requires the use of Pt-based catalysts. Due to the high cost and low abundance of Pt, many researchers have been studied to reduce the use of Pt while to enhance the catalytic performance of Pt. One of the promising strategies is the deposition of Pt as ultrathin skins of only a few atomic layers on nanoscale substrates made of another metal. This presentation will discuss the conformal deposition of Pt as uniform, ultrathin shells on Pd nanocrystals. By optimizing the catalytic behavior of Pt-based nanocrystals, we obtained the greatly enhanced ORR activity and durability.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.225-230
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• 2006

With the advent of inexpensive computing power over the past two decades, applications of Monte Carlo radiation transport techniques have proliferated dramatically. At Los Alamos, the Monte Carlo codes MCNP5 and MCNPX are used routinely on personal computer platforms for radiation shielding analysis and dosimetry calculations. These codes feature a rich palette of variance reduction (VR) techniques. The motivation of VR is to exchange user efficiency for computational efficiency. It has been said that a few hours of user time often reduces computational time by several orders of magnitude. Unfortunately, user time can stretch into the many hours as most VR techniques require significant user experience and intervention for proper optimization. It is the purpose of this paper to outline VR strategies, tested in practice, optimized for several common radiation shielding tasks, with the hope of reducing user setup time for similar problems. A strategy is defined in this context to mean a collection of MCNP radiation transport physics options and VR techniques that work synergistically to optimize a particular shielding task. Examples are offered in the areas of source definition, skyshine, streaming, and transmission.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.93-96
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• 2013

Greenhouse gas emissions and excessive energy consumption have been an on-going world issue nowadays. We can find that the majority portion is caused by high-rise office buildings. In order to resolve these problems, it is extremely important to implement various active or passive strategies in a building design. To successfully meet these design goals and energy reduction approaches, a project building must utilize an efficient design process from the early start. One of the most effective project delivery process called Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) will be implemented in a case study project building (KEPCO) during design phase and show how important it is to plan a project's green environmental performance goal together through an early collaboration from all key project participants, which helps to construct an successful green building design without any critical construction pitfalls.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.65 no.5
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• pp.895-911
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• 2023

Processed meat products play a vital role in our daily dietary intake due to their rich protein content and the inherent convenience they offer. However, they often contain synthetic additives and ingredients that may pose health risks when taken excessively. This review explores strategies to improve meat product quality, focusing on three key approaches: substituting synthetic additives, reducing the ingredients potentially harmful when overconsumed like salt and animal fat, and boosting nutritional value. To replace synthetic additives, natural sources like celery and beet powders, as well as atmospheric cold plasma treatment, have been considered. However, for phosphates, the use of organic alternatives is limited due to the low phosphate content in natural substances. Thus, dietary fiber has been used to replicate phosphate functions by enhancing water retention and emulsion stability in meat products. Reducing the excessive salt and animal fat has garnered attention. Plant polysaccharides interact with water, fat, and proteins, improving gel formation and water retention, and enabling the development of low-salt and low-fat products. Replacing saturated fats with vegetable oils is also an option, but it requires techniques like Pickering emulsion or encapsulation to maintain product quality. These strategies aim to reduce or replace synthetic additives and ingredients that can potentially harm health. Dietary fiber offers numerous health benefits, including gut health improvement, calorie reduction, and blood glucose and lipid level regulation. Natural plant extracts not only enhance oxidative stability but also reduce potential carcinogens as antioxidants. Controlling protein and lipid bioavailability is also considered, especially for specific consumer groups like infants, the elderly, and individuals engaged in physical training with dietary management. Future research should explore the full potential of dietary fiber, encompassing synthetic additive substitution, salt and animal fat reduction, and nutritional enhancement. Additionally, optimal sources and dosages of polysaccharides should be determined, considering their distinct properties in interactions with water, proteins, and fats. This holistic approach holds promise for improving meat product quality with minimal processing.