• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2016

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy of pregabalin for patients with primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS) who are unresponsive to topical clonazepam therapy. Methods: By searching the clinical electronic records from the Department of Oral Medicine, Pusan National University Dental Hospital from 2012 to 2014, a retrospective analysis was performed on patients with primary BMS who were treated with topical clonazepam therapy during this period. Of the patients who were unresponsive to this therapy, 19 patients who were subsequently treated with pregabalin were included in the study. A pain assessment was performed using the 11-point numerical rating scale at first visit, following topical clonazepam therapy, and again after pregabalin therapy. The treatment outcomes were statistically analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed rank test. Results: Following additional pregabalin administration, the mean pain score was slightly reduced. A total of 7 patients reported a marked response (>50% pain reduction), and 3 patients reported a slight reduction in pain. Pain reduction following pregabalin therapy was statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusions: Pregabalin has a slight therapeutic effect on patients with primary BMS. Therefore, we recommend pregabalin as an alternative drug for BMS patients who are unresponsive to topical clonazepam therapy.

• Mycobiology
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.288-296
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• 2015

Thailand is one of the largest citrus producers in Southeast Asia. Pathogenic infection by Phytophthora, however, has become one of major impediments to production. This study identified a pathogenic oomycete isolated from rotted roots of pomelo (Citrus maxima) in Thailand as Phytophthora nicotianae by the internal transcribed spacer ribosomal DNA sequence analysis. Then, we examined the in vitro and in vivo effects of Chaetomium globosum, Chaetomium lucknowense, Chaetomium cupreum and their crude extracts as biological control agents in controlling this P. nicotianae strain. Represent as antagonists in biculture test, the tested Chaetomium species inhibited mycelial growth by 50~56% and parasitized the hyphae, resulting in degradation of P. nicotianae mycelia after 30 days. The crude extracts of these Chaetomium species exhibited antifungal activities against mycelial growth of P. nicotianae, with effective doses of $2.6{\sim}101.4{\mu}g/mL$. Under greenhouse conditions, application of spores and methanol extracts of these Chaetomium species to pomelo seedlings inoculated with P. nicotianae reduced root rot by 66~71% and increased plant weight by 72~85% compared to that in the control. The method of application of antagonistic spores to control the disease was simple and economical, and it may thus be applicable for large-scale, highly effective biological control of this pathogen.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.91-97
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of 29 case series is to report the possibility that a hand acupuncture is effective in relieving headache. Methods : After approval from the Institutional Review Board (IRB), I analyzed 29 cases medical records of outpatients with headache, who visited ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$ oriental medical hospital from December 2008 to December 2010, who have taken a hand acupuncture's treatment without other intervention, and who were diagnosed with one disease of international classification of headache disease second version (ICHD-2). The data was analyzed with Wilcoxon signed rank test to determine whether a hand acupuncture's treatment differed between before and after treatment's Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) according to types of headache and syndrome differentiation. Statistics program was used SPSS 18.0. Differences were considered significant at P<0.05. Results : The VAS of patients with headache was reduced after treatment of hand acupuncture from $6.57{\pm}2.04$ to $2.90{\pm}2.04$ for overall headache, from $6.32{\pm}2.05$ to $2.47{\pm}2.03$ for tension-type headache(P<0.001), from $7.10{\pm}2.18$ to $3.70{\pm}1.77$ for migraine(P<0.001), and from $6.00{\pm}1.41$ to $2.50{\pm}3.54$ for headache unspecified. A hand acupuncture produced a decrease in VAS of both ascendant hyperactivity of liver yang(P<0.001) and phlegm turbidity according to syndrome differentiation(P=0.002). No adverse event were encountered in any of the patients. Conclusions : It is suggested that a hand acupuncture may be effective in relieving headache, and could be applicable to first choice of acupuncture treatment for headache.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.451-456
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• 2014

Lab scale experiment was carried out to study biological wastewater treatment technology developed for shipboard. RCM process using BM(Beneficial Microorganisms) was investigated for practical application on shipboard sewage treatment. RCM process is an environmental friendly treatment system, with minimum production of sludge. In the test, BOD5, CODcr, T-N and T-P were reduced a 96%, 97%, 78% and 81.68% respectively. From the result it was suggested that RCM process with BM might be a suitable process for shipboard sewage treatment, maintenance of useful microorganisms and creating special environment as the SDC tank is circulating in the non-biodegradable organics sludge generated during the wastewater treatment, thus reducing the amount of sludge generated. Therefore, the RCM process does not require additional equipment to strengthen it to meet the marine pollution standards.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.56-67
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• 2012

In the present study, an enhanced subsurface prediction algorithm based on a non-parametric geostatistical model and a history matching technique through Gibbs sampler is developed and the iterative prediction improvement procedure is proposed. The developed model is applied to a simple two-dimensional synthetic case where domain is composed of three different hydrogeologic media with $500m{\times}40m$ scale. In the application, it is assumed that there are 4 independent pumping tests performed at different vertical interval and the history curves are acquired through numerical modeling. With two hypothetical borehole information and pumping test data, the proposed prediction model is applied iteratively and continuous improvements of the predictions with reduced uncertainties of the media distribution are observed. From the results and the qualitative/quantitative analysis, it is concluded that the proposed model is good for the subsurface prediction improvements where the history data is available as a supportive information. Once the proposed model be a matured technique, it is believed that the model can be applied to many groundwater, geothermal, gas and oil problems with conventional fluid flow simulators. However, the overall development is still in its preliminary step and further considerations needs to be incorporated to be a viable and practical prediction technique including multi-dimensional verifications, global optimization, etc. which have not been resolved in the present study.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.421-441
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• 2014

With the assistance of typhoon field data at aerial elevation level observed by meteorological satellites and wind velocity and direction records nearby the ground gathered in Guangzhou Weather Station between 1985 and 2001, some key wind field parameters under typhoon climate in Guangzhou region were calibrated based on Monte-Carlo stochastic algorithm and Meng's typhoon numerical model. By using Peak Over Threshold method (POT) and Generalized Pareto Distribution (GPD), Wind field characteristics during typhoons for various return periods in several typical engineering fields were predicted, showing that some distribution rules in relation to gradient height of atmosphere boundary layer, power-law component of wind profile, gust factor and extreme wind velocity at 1-3s time interval are obviously different from corresponding items in Chinese wind load Codes. In order to evaluate the influence of typhoon field parameters on long-span flexible bridges, 1:100 reduced-scale wind field of type B terrain was reillustrated under typhoon and normal conditions utilizing passive turbulence generators in TJ-3 wind tunnel, and wind-induced performance tests of aero-elastic model of long-span Guangzhou Xinguang arch bridge were carried out as well. Furthermore, aerodynamic admittance function about lattice cross section in mid-span arch lib under the condition of higher turbulence intensity of typhoon field was identified via using high-frequency force-measured balance. Based on identified aerodynamic admittance expressions, Wind-induced stochastic vibration of Xinguang arch bridge under typhoon and normal climates was calculated and compared, considering structural geometrical non-linearity, stochastic wind attack angle effects, etc. Thus, the aerodynamic response characteristics under typhoon and normal conditions can be illustrated and checked, which are of satisfactory response results for different oncoming wind velocities with resemblance to those wind tunnel testing data under the two types of climate modes.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.55 no.6
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• pp.474-481
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• 2018

This paper is to compare by numerical analysis the flow characteristics and propulsion performance of stern with the shape change of K-duct, a pre-swirl duct developed by Korea Research Institute of Ships & Ocean Engineering (KRISO). First, the characteristics of the propeller and the resistance and self-propulsion before and after the attachment of the K-duct to the ship were verified and the validity of the calculation method was confirmed by comparing this result with the model test results. After that, resistance and self-propulsion calculations were performed by the same numerical method when the K-duct was changed into five different shapes. The efficiency of the other five cases was compared using the delivery horsepower in the model scale and the flow characteristics of the stern were analyzed as the velocity and pressure distributions in the area between the duct end and the propeller plane. For the computation, STAR-CCM +, a general-purpose flow analysis program, was used and the Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations were applied. Rigid Body Motion (RBM) method was used for the propeller rotating motion and SST $k-{\omega}$ turbulence model was applied for the turbulence model. As a result, the tangential velocity of the propeller inflow changed according to the position angle change of the stator, and the pressure of the propeller hub and the cap changes. This regulated the propeller hub vortex. It was confirmed that the vortex of the portion where the fixed blade and the duct meet was reduced by blunt change.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.116-124
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• 2019

The rapid development of the poultry industry has led to the production of large amounts of manure, which produce substances like hydrogen sulfide ($H_2S$) that contribute to odor pollution. $H_2S$ is a highly undesirable gas component and its removal from the environment is therefore necessary. Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) are widely known to remove contaminating $H_2S$ due to their ability to oxidize reduced sulfur compounds. In this study, three potential SOB (designated AH18, AH25, and AH28) that were previously isolated from a hot spring in Malaysia were identified by 16S rRNA gene analysis. Laboratory-scale biological deodorization experiments were conducted to test the performance of the three isolates-in the form of pure or mixed cultures, with the cells immobilized onto alginate as a carrier-in reducing the $H_2S$ from chicken manure. On the basis of 16S rRNA phylogenetic analysis, isolate AH18 was identified as Pseudomonas sp., whereas isolates AH25 and AH28 were identified as Achromobacter sp. The most active deodorizing isolate was AH18, with an $H_2S$ reduction rate of 74.7% (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, the reduction rates for isolates AH25 and AH28 were 54.2% and 60.8% (p > 0.05), respectively. However, the $H_2S$ removal performance was enhanced in the mixed culture, with a reduction rate of 81.9% (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the three potential SOB isolates were capable of reducing the $H_2S$ from chicken manure in the form of a pure culture immobilized on alginate, and the reduction performance was enhanced in the mixed culture.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.303-310
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• 2022

Objectives: This study reports the effects of Korean medical treatment, including the administration of Yanghyeolgeopung-tang, on tension headache. Case presentation: A 48-year-old man with headache and neck pain caused by tension-type headache was managed with Yanghyeolgeopung-tang, acupuncture, and pharmacopuncture for 15 days. To evaluate the improvements, a numeric rating scale (NRS), the Korean Headache Impact Test-6 (KHIT-6), and Neck Disability Index (NDI) were used. After treatment, the symptoms were relieved, and there were no particular side effects. The NRS scores reduced from 6 to 3, KHIT-6 from 64 to 48, and NDI from 46 to 22. Conclusion: These results suggest that Korean medicine may be effective for treating tension-type headache.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.25 no.8
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• pp.450-461
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• 2022

A randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled clinical study was used to determine the cognitive functions related to working memory (WM) and antioxidant properties of fermented Laminaria japonica (FLJ) on healthy volunteers. Eighty participants were divided into a placebo group (n = 40) and FLJ group (n = 40) that received FLJ (1.5 g/day) for 6 weeks. Memory-related blood indices (brain-derived neurotrophic factor, BDNF; angiotensin-converting enzyme; human growth hormone, HGH; insulin-like growth factor-1, IGF-1) and antioxidant function-related indices (catalase, CAT; malondialdehyde, MDA; 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine, 8-oxo-dG; thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, TBARS) were determined before and after the trial. In addition, standardized cognitive tests were conducted using the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Batteries. Furthermore, the Korean Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (K-WAIS)-IV, and the Korean version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-K) were used to assess the pre and post intake changes on WM-related properties. According to the results, FLJ significantly increased the level of CAT, BDNF, HGH, and IGF-1. FLJ reduced the level of TBARS, MDA, and 8-oxo-dG in serum. Furthermore, FLJ improved physical activities related to cognitive functions such as K-WAIS-IV, MoCA-K, Paired Associates Learning, and Spatial Working Memory compared to the placebo group. Our results suggest that FLJ is a potential candidate to develop functional materials reflecting its capability to induce antioxidant mechanisms together with WM-related indices.