• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.23-37
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• 1991

The understanding the natureof occlusal tooth contacts of natural dentition is important for correct diagnosis and treatment of diseases developed in stomatognatic system. Several investigator have studied the distribution of tooth contacts in maximum intercuspation and have reported contact locations with respect to the tooth position. Many methods have been clinically applied for the occlusal analysis in the intercuspal position. However, there are few quantative methods. This study analyzed the new software version of the T-Scan system to record and analyze occlusal contact balance in the anterior-posterior and right-left directions. Six time moment statistics and five moment statistics were calculated in the midsagittal and the incisal axes of the occlusal plane. In the present study, informed consent was obtained from 100 subjects with natural dentitions. The results were as follows ; 1. The mean of the dental arch length & width were 48.78, 65.32mm in whole population, 49.09mm, 65.50mm in males, 48.78mm, 64.63mm in females, respectively. 2. The mean of TLR & PLR were 0.193mm(left), 0.311mm(left), respectively. Therefore, the distribution of tooth contacts was bilaterally symmetric. 3. The mean of TFB & PFB were 29.168mm, 29.055mm, and that of LFB & RFB were 29.627mm, 29.587mm, respectively, and the qualitative center of occlusal contacts was the firtst molar. 4. The mean of LL & RL were 31.666mm, 31.377mm, respectively, and the quantitative center of occlusal force was the first molar. 5. The mean of LF & RF were 60.237N, 59.276N, respectively and Left-right moment was 72.491Nmm. Therfore, the distribution of occlusal force was bilaterally balanced.

• 대한치과마취과학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2008

Common dental procedures (local anesthesia and dental treatment) are potentially stress-inducing in many patients, especially medically compromised patients. The body response to dental stress involves the cardiovascular system (an increase in cardiovascular workload), the respiratory organ and the endocrine system (change in metabolism). To minimize the stress to the medical risk patient, the stress reduction protocol was established. The obtained contents were as follows: (1) Recognize the patient's degree of medical risk (2) Complete medical consultation before dental therapy (3) Schedule the patient's appointment in the morning (4) Monitor and record preoperative, perioperative and postoperative vital signs (5) Use psychosedation during therapy (6) Use adequate pain control during therapy (7) Short length of appointment: do not exceed the patient's limits of tolerance (8) Follow up with postoperative pain/anxiety control (9) Telephone the higher medical risk patient later on the same day that treatment was given. This protocol is predicated on the belief that the prevention of or reduction of stress ought to begin before the start of an appointment, continue throughout treatment, and, if indicated, into the postoperative period. The authors used the stress reduction protocol in the care of local anesthesia infected teeth in medically compromised patients. The final prognosis was comfortable without any complications.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.779-784
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• 2006

Several studies about hospital malnutrition have been reported that about more than 40% of hospitalized patients are having nutritional risk factors and hospital malnutrition presents a high prevalence. People in a more severe nutritional status ended up with a longer length of hospital stay and higher hospital cost. Nutrition screening tools identify individuals who are malnourished or at risk of becoming malnourished and who may benefit from nutritional support. For the early detection and treatment of malnourished hospital patients , few valid screening instruments fur Koreans exist. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop a simple, reliable and valid malnutrition screening tool that could be used at hospital admission to identify adult patients at risk of malnutrition using medical electrical record data. Two hundred and one patients of the university affiliated medical center were assessed on nutritional status and classified as well nourished, moderately or severely malnourished by a Patient-Generated subjective global assessment (PG-SGA) being chosen as the 'gold standard' for defining malnutrition. The combination of nutrition screening questions with the highest sensitivity and specificity at prediction PG-SGA was termed the nutrition screening index (NSI). Odd ratio, and binary logistic regression were used to predict the best nutritional status predictors. Based on regression coefficient score, albumin less than 3.5 g/dl, body mass index (BMI) less than $18.5kg/m^2$, total lymphocyte count less than 900 and age over 65 were determined as the best set of NSI. By using best nutritional predictors receiver operating characteristic curve with the area under the curve, sensitivity and 1-specificity were analyzed to determine the best optimal cut-off point to decide normal or abnormal in nutritional status. Therefore simple and beneficial NSI was developed for identifying patients with severe malnutrition. Using NSI, nutritional information of the severe malnutrition patient should be shared with physicians and they should be cared for by clinical dietitians to improve their nutritional status.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제84권3호
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• pp.217-225
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• 2021

Background: Despite the proven benefits of dexamethasone in hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, the optimum time for the administration of dexamethasone is unknown. We investigated the progression of COVID-19 pneumonia based on the timing of dexamethasone administration. Methods: A single-center, retrospective cohort study based on medical record reviews was conducted between June 10 and September 21, 2020. We compared the risk of severe COVID-19, defined as the use of a high-flow nasal cannula or a mechanical ventilator, between groups that received dexamethasone either within 24 hours of hypoxemia (early dexamethasone group) or 24 hours after hypoxemia (late dexamethasone group). Hypoxemia was defined as room-air SpO₂ <90%. Results: Among 59 patients treated with dexamethasone for COVID-19 pneumonia, 30 were in the early dexamethasone group and 29 were in the late dexamethasone group. There was no significant difference in baseline characteristics, the time interval from symptom onset to diagnosis or hospitalization, or the use of antiviral or antibacterial agents between the two groups. The early dexamethasone group showed a significantly lower rate of severe COVID-19 compared to the control group (75.9% vs. 40.0%, p=0.012). Further, the early dexamethasone group showed a significantly shorter total duration of oxygen supplementation (10.45 days vs. 21.61 days, p=0.003) and length of stay in the hospital (19.76 days vs. 27.21 days, p=0.013). However, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and in-hospital mortality rates were not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion: Early administration of dexamethasone may prevent the progression of COVID-19 to a severe disease, without increased mortality.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.949-956
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• 2021

Objective: This study was focused on the estimation of parameters of Wood's model and description of the lactation curve using the cows which were lactated over 24 months on the first lactation. Methods: The database included 1,333 pure-bred dairy Simmental primiparous cows which lactated for 24 months (732 days). The initial dataset entering the procedure of assessment of parameters of Wood's function included 35,826 milk yield records. Milk yield was recorded throughout lactation, with the earliest record taken on day 6 and the latest on day 1,348 of lactation. This dataset was used for the assessment of parameters a, b, c of Wood's model using the non-linear statistical procedure. These parameters were estimated for different length of lactation. The assessed parameters were used for calculation of some characteristics of lactation curves. Results: The lowest value of a parameter (15.2317) of Wood's model of lactation curve was found out in lactations up to 305 days long, contrary to b and c parameters which were highest in those lactations (0.1029 and 0.0015, respectively). The maximum value of a parameter (17.4329) was found out in lactations up to 640 days long, unlike b and c parameters which were minimal in those lactations (0.0603 and 0.0010, respectively). Conclusion: It can be concluded that the parameters of Wood's model and the shape of lactation curve are changing with the growing number of milk yield records. Also, the assessed parameters revealed a significant milk production potential after 305 days of lactation.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.28-33
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• 2019

Electronic health records (EHRs) enable us to use and re-use electronic data for various multiple purposes, such as public reporting, quality improvement, and patient outcomes research. Current hospital-acquired pressure injury (HAPI) risk assessment instruments have not been specifically developed for intensive care unit (ICU) patients and showed false positive rates in this specific populations. Previous research studies report a number of risk factors; however, it is still not clear what factors influence ICU HAPI in this population. As part of a larger research study, we performed an exploratory analysis by using a large electronic health record data. The aims of this study were to compare characteristics of patients who developed HAPIs during their ICU stay with those who did not, and to determine whether the two groups were different in the aspects of length of ICU stay, discharge disposition, and discharge destinations. We conducted chi-square test and t-test for group comparison. Association was examined by using bivariate analyses. Pearson correlation coefficients were used to examine correlation between LOS and number of medications. Our findings suggest a number of consistent and potentially modifiable risk factors, such as sedation, feeding tubes, and the number of medications administered. The mortality of the HAPI group was significantly higher than the non-HAPI group in our data. Discharge disposition was significantly different between the groups. 67% of the HAPI group transferred to intermediate or long-term care hospitals whereas 57.7% of the non-HAPI group went home after discharge. Awareness of these risk factors can lead to clinical interventions that can be preventative in the ICU setting.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제34권12호
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• pp.145-154
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• 2018

교량, 터널 옹벽 등의 콘크리트 구조물에서 수행되는 손상 조사 및 검사 방법은 일반적으로 검사원이 현장에서 직접 측량 도구를 사용하여 시각적으로 검사하는 방법이다. 이 방법은 검사원의 주관성에 크게 의존하기 때문에 기록의 객관성과 신뢰성이 떨어지게 된다. 따라서 균열을 자동으로 탐지하고 균열 특성을 객관적으로 분석할 수 있는 새로운 이미지분석기법이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 콘크리트 이미지에서 균열을 검출하고 특성(균열의 길이, 폭)을 분석하기 위한 딥러닝 및 이미지분석기법을 개발하였다. 균열 검출과 해당 균열의 특성을 얻기 위해 두 가지 단계의 방법이 제안되었다. 제안된 방법의 성능을 검증하기 위하여 라벨이 있는 다양한 균열 이미지가 사용되었으며, 균열 판단과 구획화에 대해 90% 이상의 정확도를 확인하였다. 최종적으로 실제 촬영된 균열 영상의 균열 특성을 분석하고 실제 측정치와 오차를 확인하여 개발된 기법의 성능을 검증하였다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.67-73
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• 2019

We presented detailed morphological descriptions of the eggs, larvae and juvenile of Acanthaphritis unoorum based on specimens collected with bongo nets from Korean waters during the period May 2017-July 2018. We collected 18 individuals including eggs (n= 4, 0.77-0.85 mm in egg diameter), preflexion larvae (n= 6, 4.11-6.31 mm in standard length, SL), flexion larvae (n= 4, 6.60-7.82 mm SL), postflexion larvae (n= 3, 8.94-13.46 mm SL), and one juvenile (n= 1, 14.67 mm SL). The mitochondrial (mt) DNA 16S rRNA sequences of the eggs, and the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) sequences of the larvae were identical to those of A. unoorum adults (genetic distances <0.01). The A. unoorum larvae and the juvenile that we collected were morphologically similar to those of Dactylopsaron dimorphicum, but the A. unoorum specimens were readily distinguishable by the presence of lateral melanophores. This is the first record of A. unoorum in Korean waters. We propose a new Korean name for A. unoorum: "O-ri-bu-ri-nuntung-i".

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.16-22
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• 2019

Background Various surgical techniques have been used to correct Tessier number 7 craniofacial cleft, which involves macrostomia, ear deformity, and hemifacial microsomia. To achieve symmetrical and satisfactory results in patients with macrostomia, the authors performed a 1-mm medial overcorrection on the cleft side and evaluated the results of this procedure. Methods A retrospective medical record review of patients diagnosed with Tessier number 7 craniofacial cleft from March 1999 to February 2017 was performed. Using clinical photographs, outpatient clinic records, and operative records, information was recorded regarding concurrent congenital anomalies, postoperative complications, and follow-up. Using Photoshop CS2, the length of both sides of the lip was compared. The ratio of these lengths was calculated to evaluate lip symmetry. Results Of the patients treated at the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery at Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, 11 (male-to-female sex ratio, 7:4) were diagnosed with Tessier number 7 craniofacial cleft. Concurrent congenital anomalies included skin tag, hemifacial microsomia, and cleft palate. The mean duration of follow-up was $78.273{\pm}72.219$ months and the mean ratio of the lengths of both sides of the lip was $1.048{\pm}0.071$. Scar widening occurred as a postoperative complication in some patients. No cases of wound infection, bleeding, or wound dehiscence occurred. Conclusions For the successful correction of macrostomia, plastic surgeons should consider both functional and aesthetic problems of the lip. Adequate repair of the orbicularis oris muscle, skin closure with Z-plasty, and medial overcorrection of the neo-oral commissure led to good results in our patients.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.188-193
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• 2021

On March 13, 2018 two postflexion larval specimens (18.28 mm and 16.80 mm in standard length) belonging to the family Cryptacanthodidae, suborder Zoarcoidei were collected from Sokcho and Gangneung in Gangwon Province. The family Cryptacanthodidae comprises 4 species worldwide: 3 in the North Pacific Ocean and 1 in the western North Atlantic Ocean. As a result of analyzing 620 bp of the mtDNA COI region, the two postflexion larvae collected in this study were identified as Cryptacanthodes bergi by 99.5% agreement with C. bergi adult registered in NCBI. Postflexion larvae of C. bergi are compressed with large eyes and radial pectoral fins and the anus located in front of the center of the body. Melanophores were intensively distributed along the dorsal midline, except for caudal peduncle, and sporadically distributed on the back of the anus. In addition, there were limited star-like melanophores on the back of the gut. This species showed 0.058 genetic distance when compared mtDNA COI region of C. aleutensis, and it was well distinguished in the distribution pattern of black vesicles of the head, count and measurement traits. Considering the morphological and ecological characteristics of this species, we suggest a new Korean name, " Gwisin-jang-gaeng-i ".