• 패션비즈니스
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.59-68
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• 2007

This study examined knowledge and hair care behaviors of hair and scalp on UV(ultraviolet) comparing beauty care major and non-major female students. Results were obtained by questionnaire in 159 students majoring in beauty care and 198 students not majoring, was used frequency analysis, varimax rotation, t-test, F-test, Tukey post test. The analysis was statistically processed by using SPSS 12.0 program. The knowledge of hair and scalp on UV associated with a major showed significant on hair damage, in the UV, hair, scalp, hair damage, and UV and hair-related items, suggesting higher level in major female students. The results of care behaviors of UV and hair and scalp knowledge associated with a major. Correlation of care behaviors with a major showed significant results. For correlation by subfactor, there was significant difference in self-care, habitual care, and washing care between two groups, but there was no significant difference in protection care. It was found that both major and non-major students did not receive professional care.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.312-323
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• 2019

Purpose: This study was conducted to understand sexual knowledge, sexual attitudes, and the perceptions and actualities of sex education among parents of elementary school children. Methods: This is a descriptive study with a sample size of 337. SPSS version 21.0 was used for data analysis, including descriptive analyses, the t-test, and Pearson correlation analysis. Results: More than 50% of the participants responded that primary sex education for young children should be the responsibility of the parents and that education should be stared during the elementary school period. A moderate correlation was found between parents' sexual knowledge and sexual attitudes (r=.44). Most parents were afraid to provide sex education because of their unfamiliarity with teaching methods and their lack of knowledge. However, 50 of the parents wanted to receive sex-related education. Conclusion: We found that parents would like to learn more about sex education from expert lectures or professional organizations. They were interested in topics including the sexual structure of males/females and sexual physiology. Open communication between parents and their children regarding sex-related issues is important. It is crucial to provide accurate and up-to-date sex education information to parents so that they can effectively teach their children at home.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.172-182
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the relationships among attitudes towards death, perceptions of hospice care, and hospice care needs as perceived by family members of patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). Methods: This study used a descriptive correlational method. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 114 participating families in the ICU at Dong-A University Hospital, from October 10 to November 1, 2019. The data were analyzed in terms of frequency, percentage, and mean and standard deviation. The t-test, one-way analysis of variance, and Pearson correlation coefficients were also conducted. Results: Perceptions of hospice care showed significant differences according to age (F=3.06, P=0.031) and marital status (t=3.55, P=0.001). However, no significant differences in attitudes towards death or hospice care needs were found. A significant positive correlation was found between perceptions of hospice care and hospice care needs (r=0.49, P<0.001). Conclusion: In order for families to recognize the need for hospice care and to receive high-quality palliative care at the appropriate time, it is necessary to increase public awareness of hospice care through various educational and awareness-raising efforts, thereby providing opportunities for families of terminally ill patients to request hospice care.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.605-614
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• 2004

In this paper, we investigate array calibration algorithms to derive a further improved version for correcting antenna array errors and RF transceiver errors in CDMA smart antenna systems. The structure of a multi-channel RF transceiver with a digital calibration apparatus and its calibration techniques are presented, where we propose a new RF receiver calibration scheme to minimize interference of the calibration signal on the user signals. The calibration signal is injected into a multi-channel receiver through a calibration signal injector whose array response vector is controlled in order to have a low correlation with the antenna response vector of the receive signals. We suggest a model-based antenna array calibration to remove the antenna array errors including mutual coupling errors or to predict the element patterns from the array manifold measured at a small number of angles. Computer simulations and experiment results are shown to verify the calibration algorithms.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.18-28
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of CPR education on the knowledge, attitude and self-efficacy of elementary and middle school teachers. Methods: After obtaining informed consent from participants, data were collected from 75 teachers receiving training in emergency care using questionnaires before and after education. Data were analyzed using percentage, paired t-test, and correlation. Results: The knowledge and self-efficacy scores were the middle level and the scores for attitude were the upper middle level. The knowledge, attitude, and self-efficacy scores at posttest were significantly higher than those at pretest. Conclusion: Teachers should receive CPR education regularly, so that they can acquire the knowledge, attitude, and practical ability of CPR.

• 한국정보통신설비학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신설비학회 2007년도 학술대회
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• pp.440-444
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• 2007

As the mobile communication service is widely used, the demand for wireless repeaters is rapidly increasing because of the easiness of extending service areas. But a wireless repeater has a problem that the output of the transmit antenna is partially fed back to the receive antenna, which results in feedback interference. In this paper, we propose a new varable step-size LMS algorithm, which utilizes correlation between reference and error signals to adjust the step sizes, for cancelling the feedback interference signals in the WCDMA repeater under time-varying multi-path channels. The proposed algorithm was investigated through computer simualation by being applied to the time-varying channels. The simulation results demonstrated that the proposed one is superior to the conventional ones in terms of cancelation perormance.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.32-38
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• 2006

In this paper a sequence estimator of CDMA communication system is suggested. A sequence estimator uses Galois Field operation. A sequence estimator can provide another CDMA pilot signal which is un-modulated spreaded signal. A estimated sequence signal and received signal have no correlation. Tow signals can be summed using MRC(maximal ratio combine) method. The stronger signal can be added as a larger ratio, but the weaker signal can be added as a smaller ratio. We can distinguish strong signal using SNR estimator. Therefore it is possible to receive an additional pilot signal, and to support more reliable communications by using sequence estimator.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.410-417
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• 2012

One of the premier mechanisms used in extracting unobserved signals from observed mixtures in signal processing is employing a blind source separation (BSS) algorithm. Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) techniques are playing a prominent role in the sphere of multicarrier communication. A set of remedial solutions taken to mitigate deteriorative effects caused within the air interface of OFDM transmission with aid of BSS schemes is presented. Four energy functions are used in deriving the filter coefficients. Energy criterion functions to be optimized and the performance is justified. These functions together with iterative fixed point rule for receive signal are used in determining the filter coefficients. Time correlation properties of the channel are taken advantage for BSS. It is tried to remove colored noise and jamming components from themixture at the receiver. Themethod is tested in a slow fading channel with a receiver containing equal gain combining to treat the channel state information values. The importance is that, these are quite low computational complexity mechanisms.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제35권11A호
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• pp.1045-1050
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 기존의 공간 다중화(Spatial-Multiplexing, SM) 기법과 직교 선부호기를 직렬 연접한 새로운 $2{\times}2$ SM 기법을 제안한다. 실험 결과 제안된 기법은 기존의 SM과 비교하여 erasure가 발생하지 않는 채널 환경에서는 기존의 SM과 동일한 성능을 가지면서 erasure 채널 환경에서는 큰 성능 향상이 발생한다. 특히 수신 안테나들 사이에 상관 값이 커질 경우 더 큰 성능 향상이 발생한다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제29권4A호
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• pp.384-389
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 comb 방식의 파일럿 패턴을 가지는 MIMO OFDM 시스템에서의 채널 추정 기법에 대하여 논의한다. 또한, 시변 채널 환경에서 채널 측정의 정확도를 높이기 위한 효율적인 채널 추정 기법을 제안한다. 시뮬레이션을 통해 제안한 채널 추정 기법이 채널이 변하는 상황에서 성능의 감소 없이 채별의 변화를 추정함을 알 수 있었다.