• Journal of architectural history
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.7-22
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• 2013

The purpose of this paper is to study on the spatial characteristics from the "The Holy Trinity" fresco painted by Masaccio in the early Renaissance paintings. The results of this study are as follows. 1. The elevation composition of the "The Holy Trinity" fresco is divided into the upper and lower structure through horizontal axis on horizontal line around vanishing point. The upper structure is composed of vertical axis formed through the disposition of the "Trinity" elements and horizontal axis on horizontal line. The lower structure is composed of the sarcophagus and skeleton in such inside and the altar supported through circular columns of left and right. 2. The section composition of the "The Holy Trinity" fresco is composed of the ceiling structure of cylindrical-shaped vault on upper part around basic square floor plan that is interior space and upper structure. The exterior space and lower structure is placed with sarcophagus in inner part that altar and step is projected as same height and width in the outside direction. 3. The basic floor composition of the "The Holy Trinity" fresco is planned by square shape around structural columns that is placed at corners as symmetry through transverse, longitudinal and diagonal axis. The whole floor composition planned through the altar and step that is in exterior space at front, the apse of round form at rear part and the structure of the middle story concept at interior. 4. The visual aspect of the "The Holy Trinity" fresco is composed of the stable balance in relation with distance and height because the interior and exterior space as well as the upper structure and lower structure is formed by regular proportion system. The elevation angle of visual range was planned to view in detail generally or partially the architectural composition system and element, characters through proper visual distance, center and position.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Heat Treatment
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.107-116
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• 2020

Four air hardening steels with carbon, silicon, manganese, chromium, and molybdenum variations have been used in this study to find out the optimal chemical compositions of steels with over 1200 MPa tensile strength for automotive subframe. The dimensional changes after heat treatment were determined for two automotive parts with open and closed cross sections using 3D scanner. When four steels were austenitized at 900℃ for 30 seconds, cooled at 3℃/s, reheated to 450℃ for 10 seconds followed by air cooling to simulate hot-dip galvanizing treatment showed ultra high tensile strength over 1200 MPa. Rear floor cross member with open cross section revealed much bigger dimensional changes than subframe with closed cross section after heat treatment at 900℃ for 20 minutes followed by air cooling.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.883-889
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• 2005

Micro robots have been developed for many applications: medical, industrial, military, and so on. A small mobile robot was built and it has three legs made of bimorph piezoelectric actuators. It proceeds by vibrating the rear leg and it rotates by vibrating one of the front legs. The locomotion of the robot is described by relative position of mass center and the friction between the legs and the floor. This paper describes the principles of locomotion and modeling of the robot Modeling was simulated to investigate the dynamics of its mobility. The simulation results verified the modeling by showing similar movement of the robot as measured. It remained, however, several problems through experiments such as crooked direction of forward movement and proceeding speed.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1989.10a
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• pp.166-171
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• 1989

In the view of the fact that mobile robot in nuclear facilities should be able to turn in narrow space, go over obstacles, and climb stairs for the inspection and maintenance, a robot, named as KAEROT, is developed. It adopts 2DWIS (2-Driving Wheels, 1-Steering) and has three planetary wheels that are composed of two star-like arms and three small wheels. The experiments were carried out in two locomotion methods; (1) by controlling the rear wheel speed as a function of steering angle, and (2) by using inclination and stair-detection sensor to control the position of planetary and small wheel. The developed robot moved on the floor with stability. Results from the experiment on the rectangular obstacle as well as the computer simulation showed a feasibility on the stairs.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.117-126
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• 1995

High level of tractor noise may reduce operator's work performance and cause a hearing problem. This study was carried out to investigate the cab noise of a selected agricultural tractor. The noise was measured and analyzed in terms of sound and sound intensity levels. Form the results it was known that a structure-born noise was induced from the feet-rest and rear floor panel of the cab. The air-borne noise caused mainly by the engine was transmitted into the operator's position through the small openings of cab structures in the operator's lower front area.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.33 no.7
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• pp.700-705
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• 2009

In order to enhance the dynamic stiffness of automotive panel, effect of bead and curved surface was investigated. Modal test was performed for principle specimens which have various kinds of beads, holes and curved surfaces. Test was also performed for conventional dash panel assembly and rear floor panel assembly and curved shaped ones. Results showed that curved shape increased the natural frequency of automotive panel more effectively than the bead. Finite element analysis was also performed and yielded good match with the test results.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.172-176
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• 2007

The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between udder and teat characteristics and somatic cell count (SCC). A total of 749 (73.1%) milk samples from 1,024 quarters of 259 Holstein cows contained less than 200,000 somatic cells/ml, while 132 (12.9%) quarters contained more than 500,000 somatic cells/ml. Prior to data analysis, somatic cell counts were transformed to natural logarithm. The mean SCS {$log_e(SCS/10^3)$} of milk samples from the front quarters was lower than milk samples from the rear quarters. The highest SCS was observed from cows with the step-shaped udder and the pear-shaped teats, respectively. Increased SCS was observed from cows with large teat diameter, short teat length, short distance between the teat tip to floor (p<0.05) and with increase in parity, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.790-795
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• 2004

The characteristics of refrigerator noise recorded in anechoic chamber was investigated in condition of a the real living room and a kitchen. To predict the noise propagation in an apartment unit, room acoustic simulation software was used. It was found that the noise level in the real living room was $4\sim8dB$ higher than in the anechoic chamber. When a noise barrier and absorption materials were used on the rear wall and floor, the noise level reduced up to $3\sim4dB$. In addition, when the subjective evaluation of auralized refrigerator noise was undertaken using headphone, it was revealed that 21dB (A) is the allowable sound pressure level of 95% satisfaction.

• Korean Architects
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• no.7 s.459
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• pp.48-53
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• 2007

Amisak is a rechargeable tool company and is aiming to be a leading company in Korea by 2010. Ochang factory will be a base for this aim. Client's bad experience in construction of their first Suwon factory and my regretable memory of 1996 design & construction of BTC factory in Whasung lead us to desire for an outstandingly good factory. Total floor area is about 5,000 square. meter (1,500 py) and it has been designed with 3 different facilities, Factory (steel structure, 2 levels), Office (RC structure, 3 levels), and Welfare (RC structure, 3 levels including basement). Factory area is expected to expand its facility at the rear end within 3 to 5 years. Aimsak Ochang factory is expected to be completed in December 2007.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.391-396
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• 2009

The percentage of those aged 60 and over is 43.5% among our country's 3,186 thousands farming population, so farm village is getting aging society rapidly. Moreover agricultural competitiveness has being weakened due to labor shortage by degradation in quality of labor configuration from elderly porson. For realisms easy workability, we developed a motor vehicle for agricultural activity. The vehicle has an automatic guidance system which could follows a track of magnetic tape on the floor for easy moving to given working position. We collected data from two guidance sensors, located on front and rear end of the vehicle and calculated displacement and angle deviation from the track. This traveling system was stably controlled with processing information deflection S, angle of deviation, D and angle velocity, Vt = $k_1D$ - $k_2S$ from two guidance sensors attached on front and rear of th motor vehicle. Also this system have been tested under various condition of $k_1$, $k_2$ for comparison on both stepped and turning routes. The results show that traveling performance is best at $k_1$=0.7, $k_2$=3.