• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.75-95
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• 2020

With the growth of social networks, various forms of SNS have emerged. Based on various motivations for use such as interactivity, information exchange, and entertainment, SNS users are also on the fast-growing trend. Facebook is the main SNS channel, and companies have started using Facebook pages as a public relations channel. To this end, in the early stages of operation, companies began to secure a number of fans, and as a result, the number of corporate Facebook fans has recently increased to as many as millions. from a corporate perspective, Facebook is attracting attention because it makes it easier for you to meet the customers you want. Facebook provides an efficient advertising platform based on the numerous data it has. Advertising targeting can be conducted using their demographic characteristics, behavior, or contact information. It is optimized for advertisements that can expose information to a desired target, so that results can be obtained more effectively. it rethink and communicate corporate brand image to customers through contents. The study was conducted through Facebook advertising data, and could be of great help to business people working in the online advertising industry. For this reason, the independent variables used in the research were selected based on the characteristics of the content that the actual business is concerned with. Recently, the company's Facebook page operation goal is to go beyond securing the number of fan pages, branding to promote its brand, and further aiming to communicate with major customers. the main figures for this assessment are Facebook's 'OK', 'Attachment', 'Share', and 'Number of Click' which are the dependent variables of this study. in order to measure the outcome of the target, the consumer's response is set as a key measurable key performance indicator (KPI), and a strategy is set and executed to achieve this. Here, KPI uses Facebook's ad numbers 'reach', 'exposure', 'like', 'share', 'comment', 'clicks', and 'CPC' depending on the situation. in order to achieve the corresponding figures, the consideration of content production must be prior, and in this study, the independent variables were organized by dividing into three considerations for content production into three. The effects of content material, content structure, and message styles on Facebook's user behavior were analyzed using regression analysis. Content materials are related to the content's difficulty, company relevance, and daily involvement. According to existing research, it was very important how the content would attract users' interest. Content could be divided into informative content and interesting content. Informational content is content related to the brand, and information exchange with users is important. Interesting content is defined as posts that are not related to brands related to interesting movies or anecdotes. Based on this, this study started with the assumption that the difficulty, company relevance, and daily involvement have an effect on the dependent variable. In addition, previous studies have found that content types affect Facebook user activity. I think it depends on the combination of photos and text used in the content. Based on this study, the actual photos were used and the hashtag and independent variables were also examined. Finally, we focused on the advertising message. In the previous studies, the effect of advertising messages on users was different depending on whether they were narrative or non-narrative, and furthermore, the influence on message intimacy was different. In this study, we conducted research on the behavior that Facebook users' behavior would be different depending on the language and formality. For dependent variables, 'OK' and 'Full Click Count' are set by every user's action on the content. In this study, we defined each independent variable in the existing study literature and analyzed the effect on the dependent variable, and found that 'good' factors such as 'self association', 'actual use', and 'hidden' are important. Could. Material difficulties', 'actual participation' and 'large scale * difficulties'. In addition, variables such as 'Self Connect', 'Actual Engagement' and 'Sexual Sexual Attention' have been shown to have a significant impact on 'Full Click'. It is expected that through research results, it is possible to contribute to the operation and production strategy of company Facebook operators and content creators by presenting a content strategy optimized for the purpose of the content. In this study, we defined each independent variable in the existing research literature and analyzed its effect on the dependent variable, and we could see that factors on 'good' were significant such as 'self-association', 'reality use', 'concernal material difficulty', 'real-life involvement' and 'massive*difficulty'. In addition, variables such as 'self-connection', 'real-life involvement' and 'formative*attention' were shown to have significant effects for 'full-click'. Through the research results, it is expected that by presenting an optimized content strategy for content purposes, it can contribute to the operation and production strategy of corporate Facebook operators and content producers.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.137-148
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• 2008

There have been many cases of using wetlands as an alternative in controlling stormwater, treating mining leachate, and agricultural discharge, and so on, recently. The reality is, however, that the wetlands are not properly applicable because of the lack of enough longterm data for wetlands due to the difficulty of long-term monitoring. Therefore, this study tries to analyze the storage of Upo, Mokpo, Sajipo, and Jjokjibeul in Topyeong watershed using SWAT(Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model, one of the long-term runoff hydrologic model, for the purpose of generating the long-term data and analyzing the hydrologic behavior of wetlands based on the generated data. Also, the changes in runoff at the outlet are analyzed after applying the simulation of constructing washland in Topyeong watershed and the storage in Upo is analyzed. The result shows that the runoff at the outlet of the watershed is decreased in rainy season from July to August and increased in dry season from December to February. In addition, the analysis of Upo storage concludes that Upo can be influenced by the construction of the washland. The duration curve of washland is then analyzed in order to evaluate the wetland's sustainability in terms of washland and it appears that the runoff of washland is simulated to be less than that of the existing wetland. Moreover, runoffs of some washlands are simulated to be less even in wet season. These results lead to the fact that there should be further hydrologic management for constructed washland. Then, the changes in loads (TN and TP) because of constructing washland are analyzed. The result shows that the loads are reduced because of the construction. Also, the changes in loads due to the construction of buffer strips are analyzed to compare the load reductions caused by a washland. Finally, REMM model, a riparian management model, is applied to overcome the hydrologic ambiguousness of SWAT model, and then, the SWAT model results are compared to those of REMM.

• Journal of Venture Innovation
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.129-143
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• 2018

When consulting with senior service user or his or her family members, employees of senior welfare facilities face a vertical relationship due to age rather than a horizontal relationship. Despite few cases reported, service users and the families afflict physical and mental pain on the employees through irrational demands, physical abuses, and verbal abuses. In particular, the Korean society has advocated the notion of respecting elders and thus emphasized members of society to provide unconditional support to those of old age. In reality, however, people who work at senior welfare facilities report the difficulty of providing supports to heavy demands in selfish complaints that are often impossible to fulfill. Starting from May 2018, there has been a petition to the Korean Blue House, seeking protective measures for 'Senior welfare facility professions who are exposed to violence'. The study conduct researches on the effect of job stress on the organizational commitment for senior welfare facility employees from suffering emotional labor. Furthermore, it also aims to point the difficulties that the professions face and the solutions that alleviate the conflicts between the rights of services users of senior welfare facilities and its staffs. The study surveyed 178 staffs who work in senior welfare facilities in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province as its research method. The collected data was analyzed by using IBM SPSS Statistics 24.0 to derive the general characteristics of the sample, reliability, feasibility analysis, correlation analysis, and verification of the research hypothesis. The study was able to conclude the following: First, the frequency of emotional expression of senior welfare facility staffs had negative(-) influences on job stress. Second, the incongruity of emotions of senior welfare facility staffs had negative(-) influences on job stress. Third, the incongruity of emotions of senior welfare facility staffs had negative (-) influences on job stress. Fourth, the job stress showed mediating effects between emotional labor factors and organizational commitment

• Archives of design research
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• v.18 no.2 s.60
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• pp.37-46
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• 2005

Today's advertisement is dominated by visual images, which deliver messages in the most efficient and engaging way. Vivid and live images, through multimedia, attract the viewer to consume the products being advertised. In this course, the effect of 'Verfremdung' or alienation is often detected. This terminology was at first used in a epic play of Bertolt Brecht to signify a specific effect to block the empathy of the audience by reminding them of their position as the audience separate from the play. 'Verfremdung' helps them to have a sense of objectivity and critical attitude toward the performance. Multimedia commercials nowadays exhibit such a quality together with 'viewer participation:' criticism on reality: and 'speed.' In an advertisement for Shinsegi Communications' mobile system titled <017-I-Touch series, the hand transformed into a web>, the copy, 'my blood type is 'i', ' is accompanied by six unrelated fictitious scenes in which the same ocean appears as a common denominator. Because there is no connection between the scenes, free imagination of the viewer has to be involved and thus plays a significant role in making them into a context. This fact dearly exhibit some characteristics of post- modern advertisement. Momentary 'Gap' and 'Difference' between scenes contribute to 'Verfremdung' or alienation' that makes it hard for the consumers to comprehend the content on the spot. Such an uneasy situation, however, keeps the viewers thinking about the advertisement itself. While repeatedly exposed to the alienated images, the viewers come to get involved in the advertisement, trying to make the fragmented images into a coherent context. In addition, the leaps between the scenes produce a sense of 'speed' in a context, which adds more impact to the way of delivering messages using multimedia. With the help of multimedia, 'Verfremdung: which was originally intended to bring about objective and critical altitude of the audience in a play, plays a crucial role in attracting the viewer's attention and conveying a specific message in a moment in contemporary advertisement.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.39-48
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• 2011

One of the major reasons for fierce competition among firms is that they strive to increase their own market shares in the same market with similar and apparently undifferentiated products in terms of quality and perceived benefit. Due to such changes in the marketing environment, differentiated after-sales service and diversified promotion strategies have become more important in the race to gain a competitive advantage. Price discount is one of the popular promotion strategies that most retailers use, especially to increase sales, but offering a price discount does not always lead to the expected result. If marketers apply an identical price-promotion strategy without considering the characteristic differences in products and consumer preferences, the discounted price itself may make people skeptical about the quality of the product. Moreover, the changes in perceived value may appear differently depending on factors such as consumer involvement. This implies that variables such as the level of consumer involvement, brand loyalty, and external reference prices, in reality, would have different effects on how consumers perceive the value of price discounts. The variables that affect consumers' perceived values and buying decisions are diverse and complicated. Several studies have examined the effects of such variables as external reference price, selling price, and brand on consumers' perceived value of products. Results have not shown consistent patterns. Therefore, we must note that the factors affecting consumers' value perceptions and buying behaviors are diverse and that the results of studies on the same dependent variable come out differently depending on what that variable is. This study focused on the level of consumer involvement as a salient variable that supposedly affects the perceived value of a product, willingness to buy, and search intentions. We tried to examine whether a price discount affects the perceived value-such as perceived acquisition value and perceived transaction value-in different ways depending on the level of consumer involvement. In addition, we proposed managerial implications that marketers need to consider as a whole, for instance, product attributes, brand loyalty, and involvement and then established a differentiated pricing strategy, case by case, in order to effectively enhance consumers' perceived values. As a result, we found that perceived transaction value positively affects perceived acquisition value and when discounting the price of a high-involvement product enhances the consumer's willingness to buy, but perceived acquisition value does not affect the search intentions significantly. In the case of discounting prices of low-involvement products, on the other hand, the perceived transaction value has a positive effect on the willingness to buy, but the negative effect of perceived acquisition value on the search intentions was not significant. We suppose that people doubt a product's quality because of a declined perceived quality derived from a price discount. Even though the price discount enhanced the transaction value, people eventually increased their level of searching for additional product information. From the results of this study, we suggest that marketers ought to establish an appropriate value-enhancing strategy based on the understanding of which perceived value consumers rely on more when they conduct purchasing behavior because consumers perceive the degree of importance of acquisition value or transaction value differently, depending on their level of involvement.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.99-109
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• 2020

This study was conducted to improve the education method for improving perception awareness of the visually-impaired. 'Hear me later' was designed and implemented based on VR content that allows the visually-impaired experience in the eyes and environment. The main target is from middle and high school students to adolescents in their twenties. It is consisted of a student, the user's daily life with waking up at home in the morning, going to school, taking classes at school, and disembarking home late in the dark. In addition, 10 quests are placed on each map to induce users' participation and activity. These quests are a daily activity for non-disabled people, but it is an activity to experience uncomfortable activity for visually impaired people. In order to verify the effect of 'Hear me later', 8 participants in their early teens to early 20s' perception of visually impaired people was measured through pre and post evaluation of VR contents experience. In order to verify the effect of'Hear me later', 8 participants in their early teens to early 20s' perception of visually impaired people was measured through pre-post evaluation of VR experiences. As a result, it was found that in the post-evaluation of VR contents experience, the perception of the visually impaired was increased by 30% compared to the pre-evaluation. In particular, misunderstandings and changes in prejudice toward the visually impaired were remarkable. Through this study, the possibility of a VR-based disability experience education program that can freely construct space-time and maximize the experience was verified. In addition, it laid the foundation to expand it to various fields of improvement of the disabled.

• Korean Journal of Child Education & Care
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.247-265
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of teacher support program for integration of handicapped children on teaching efficacy of daycare center teachers. Methods: In the study, 12 day care teachers in 4 day care centers in Seoul and Gyeonggi area were selected as experimental groups and 12 teachers in 5 day care centers were selected as control group. Teacher education is carried out through group education, such as understanding of developmental area, curriculum modification, activity-based embedded intervention, cooperative learning, direct teaching, disability understanding education, behavior support, family support. Individual teacher education provided counseling on the reality of child care for children with disabilities that reflects the needs of teachers for integrated child care for handicapped children. Teacher's Efficacy in Inclusive Practices (TEIP) was used as a pre post test to measure teacher's efficacy change. In order to analyze the results of the study, two independent sample t tests were conducted on the difference between pre-post test of teacher efficacy between the two groups. Results: As a result, There was a significant difference in the pre-post change of teacher efficacy between the two groups. Conclusion/Implications: The results of this study are as follows, teacher support program provided immediate feedback in integrated child daycare center for the handicapped children, child care teachers improved their integrated handicapped children care expertise, provided responsive teacher support program to the actual needs of the site, teacher support program reflected various variables related to integration, and emphasized the cooperative relationship between researcher and child daycare center teacher. The results of this study can be used as actual data of field where lack of support for the integration of handicapped children is lacking.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.495-502
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• 2019

A typical cerebrovascular disease among cerebrovascular diseases is vascular diseases such as cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral aneurysm, cerebrovascular stenosis. If the disease occurs and causes cerebral damage, it may be difficult to recover completely. So that, Must continue to perform health care through examination early. In particular, Because most cerebrovascular disease examining use radiation equipment and Thus this study was to find out how to select about the optimal examining method and X-ray dose decrease method among different examining method though comparison and analysis for the entrance surface dose (ESD) on cerebrovascular examining with Trance Femoral Cerebral angiography (TFCA) and Cerebral Computed Tomographic Angiography (CCTA). Also, want to find out how to select about the optimal examining method for worried patient that contrast medium side effect though measuring and evaluating for contrast usage. Data were collected from 70 patients (43 males and 27 females) who underwent CCTA at Yeosoo region hospital from June 2018 to December 2018 and 61 patients (34 males and 27 females) who underwent TFCA at Pyeongtaek region hospital from June 2018 to November 2018. ESD analysis method collected retrospective data though M-view and PACS PLUS program, Used contrast usage measuring method did reality measuring method. In the analysis using SPSS, the ESD of TFCA was $245.74{\pm}71.91$, which was $32.05{\pm}7.74$ lower than the dose of $277.79{\pm}79.65$ of CCTA ESD, and statistically significant at t = 3.249, p = 0.017 (p<0.05). As a result of the comparison of the total amount of contrast agent, the mean contrast agent used in TFCA was $55.05{\pm}17.68ml$, which was about 14.95 smaller than the amount of contrast agent used in CCTA, and statistically significant t = -4.548, p<0.001. In conclusion, the ESD of TFCA was statistically significantly lower than that of CCTA, and also the used contrast usage was significantly tiny than that of CCTA. Therefore, Select the method to increase the utilization of TFCA for cerebral disease examining, we can consider X-ray dose decrease method at the same time as to decrease side effect of contrast medium.

• Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.65-72
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• 2013

In this study, the early suicide prevention program was applied to the elementary school students and compared the prior & post effect of the program, and verified the status of psychology change like emotional status, or temptation to take a suicide, and presented the possibility as a suicide prevention program. The period of adolescence is the very unstable period in the process of growth being cognitively immature, emotionally impulsive period. It is the period emotionally unstable and unpredictable possible to select the method of suicide as an extreme method to escape the reality, or impulsive problem solving against small conflict or dispute situation. Many stress of the student such as recent nuclear family, expectation of parents to their children, education problem, socio-environmental elements, individual psychological factor lead students to the extreme activity of suicide in recent days. In this study, the scope of stress experienced in the elementary school as well as idea and degree of temptation regarding suicide by the suicide prevention program were identified, and through prevention program such as meditation training, breath training and through experience of anger control, emotion-expression, self overcome and establish positive self-identity and make understanding Self-control, Self-esteem & preciousness of life based on which the effect to suicide prevention was analyzed. The study was made targeting 51 students of 2 classes of 6th grade of elementary school of Goyang-si and processed 30 minutes every morning focused on through experience & activity of the principle & method of brain science. The data was collected for 20 times before starting morning class by using Suicide Probability Scale(herein SPS-A) designed to predict effectively suicide Probability, suicide risk prediction scale, surveyed by 7 areas such as Positive outlook, Within the family closeness, Impulsivity, Interpersonal hostility, Hopelessness, Hopelessness syndrome, suicide accident. Analytical methods and validation was used the Wilcoxon's signed rank test using SPSS Program. Though the process of program in short period, but there was a effective and positive results in the 7 areas in the average comparison. But in the t-test result, there was a different outcome. It indicated changes in the 3 questionnaires (No.7, No.14, No.19) out of 31 SPS-A questionnaires, and there was a no change to the rest item. It also indicated more changes of the students in the class A than class B. And in case of the class A students, psychological changes were verified in the areas of Hopelessness syndrome, suicide accident among 7 areas after the program was processed. Through this study, it could be verified that different results could be derived depending on the Student tendency, program professional(teacher in charge, processing lecturer). The suicide prevention program presented in this article can be a help in learning and suicide prevention with consistent systematization, activation through emotion and impulse control based on emotional stress relief and positive self-identity recovery, stabilization of brain waves, and let the short period program not to be died out but to be continued connecting from childhood to adolescence capable to make surrounding environment for spiritual, physical healthy growth for which this could be an effective program for suicide prevention of the social problem.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.91-121
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• 2008

Electronic commerce, commonly known as e-commerce or eCommerce, has become a major business trend in these days. The amount of trade conducted electronically has grown extraordinarily by developing the Internet technology. Most electronic commerce has being conducted between businesses to customers; therefore, the researches with respect to e-commerce are to find customer's needs, behaviors through statistical methods. However, the statistical researches, mostly based on a questionnaire, are the static researches, They can tell us the dynamic relationships between initial purchasing and repurchasing. Therefore, this study proposes dynamic research model for analyzing the cause of initial purchasing and repurchasing. This paper is based on the System-Dynamic theory, using the powerful simulation model with some restriction, The restrictions are based on the theory TAM(Technology Acceptance Model), PAM, and TPB(Theory of Planned Behavior). This article investigates not only the customer's purchasing and repurchasing behavior by passing of time but also the interactive effects to one another. This research model has six scenarios and three steps for analyzing customer behaviors. The first step is the research of purchasing situations. The second step is the research of repurchasing situations. Finally, the third step is to study the relationship between initial purchasing and repurchasing. The purpose of six scenarios is to find the customer's purchasing patterns according to the environmental changes. We set six variables in these scenarios by (1) changing the number of products; (2) changing the number of contents in on-line shopping malls; (3) having multimedia files or not in the shopping mall web sites; (4) grading on-line communities; (5) changing the qualities of products; (6) changing the customer's degree of confidence on products. First three variables are applied to study customer's purchasing behavior, and the other variables are applied to repurchasing behavior study. Through the simulation study, this paper presents some inter-relational result about customer purchasing behaviors, For example, Active community actions are not the increasing factor of purchasing but the increasing factor of word of mouth effect, Additionally. The higher products' quality, the more word of mouth effects increase. The number of products and contents on the web sites have same influence on people's buying behaviors. All simulation methods in this paper is not only display the result of each scenario but also find how to affect each other. Hence, electronic commerce firm can make more realistic marketing strategy about consumer behavior through this dynamic simulation research. Moreover, dynamic analysis method can predict the results which help the decision of marketing strategy by using the time-line graph. Consequently, this dynamic simulation analysis could be a useful research model to make firm's competitive advantage. However, this simulation model needs more further study. With respect to reality, this simulation model has some limitations. There are some missing factors which affect customer's buying behaviors in this model. The first missing factor is the customer's degree of recognition of brands. The second factor is the degree of customer satisfaction. The third factor is the power of word of mouth in the specific region. Generally, word of mouth affects significantly on a region's culture, even people's buying behaviors. The last missing factor is the user interface environment in the internet or other on-line shopping tools. In order to get more realistic result, these factors might be essential matters to make better research in the future studies.