• Journal of KIISE
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.107-113
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• 2017

Real-time multicasting is a packet transmission scheme ensuring that multiple destinations receive a packet within the desired time line. In wireless sensor networks, a packet can be delivered to a limited distance under a given deadline, since the end-to-end delay tends to be proportional to the end-to-end physical distance. Existing real-time multicasting protocols select the distance between the source and the furthest destination as the distance limitation and construct a multicasting tree guaranteeing delivery paths to each destination within the distance limitation. However, the protocols might lead to real-time delivery failures and energy efficiency degradation due to the fixed distance limitation. In this study, we proposed a real-time multicasting protocol using time deadline. The proposed protocol obtains the maximum transmittable distance with a given time deadline and subsequently constructs a multicasting tree using the maximum transmittable distance. The form of the multicasting tree varies according to the given time deadline to trade off the energy efficiency against the real-time delivery success ratio. The simulation results showed that the proposed scheme is superior to the existing protocols in terms of energy efficiency and real-time delivery success ratio under various time deadlines.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.2513-2530
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• 2021

With the fast development of information and communication technologies, video streaming services and applications are increasing rapidly. However, the network condition is volatile. In order to provide users with better quality of service, it is necessary to develop an accurate and low-complexity model for Quality of Experience (QoE) prediction of time-varying video. Memory effects refer to the psychological influence factor of historical experience, which can be taken into account to improve the accuracy of QoE evaluation. In this paper, we design subjective experiments to explore the impact of Short-Term Memory (STM) on QoE. The experimental results show that the user's real-time QoE is influenced by the duration of previous viewing experience and the expectations generated by STM. Furthermore, we propose analytical models to determine the relationship between intrinsic video quality, expectation and real-time QoE. The proposed models have better performance for real-time QoE prediction when the video is transmitted in a fluctuate network. The models are capable of providing more accurate guidance for improving the quality of video streaming services.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.143-151
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• 2016

In this paper, a real-time air quality monitoring system based on wireless network is designed and implemented for industrial park or multiuse facilities. The existing gas detector is high price and hard to apply the remote monitoring system. On the other hand, demand for air quality monitoring is increasing because of industrial gas accident, air pollution, and so on. In Korea, indoor air regulation was established by law. According to indoor air regulation, CO2, CO, and NO2 are important gases as the air quality standard. So we study the gas detector for indoor air quality and the wireless network system. The wireless network consist of sensor network and WCDMA to apply various place. To verify the performance of the implemented gas detector, the gas measurement experiment is performed in laboratory environment by using the realized gas detecting wireless sensor node. And we evaluate the experiment results.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.166-171
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• 2010

Wired monitoring systems have been used for damage detection and dynamic analysis of large structures(bridges, dams, plants, etc.). However, the real-world applications still remain limited, mainly due to time and cost issues inherent to wired systems. In recent years, an increasing number of researchers have adopted WSN(wireless sensor network) technologies to the field of SHM(structural health monitoring). Accurate time synchronization is most critical for the wireless approach to be feasible for SHM purpose, along with sufficient wireless bandwidth and highly precise measuring resolution. To satisfy technical criteria stated above, a wireless vibration monitoring system that uses high-precision MEMS(micro-electro-mechanical system) sensors and A/D convertor is discussed in detail. It was found experimentally that the level of time synchronization fell within $200\;{\mu}sec$.

• IE interfaces
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• v.17 no.spc
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• pp.111-121
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• 2004

In this paper, we propose an urgency and efficiency based wireless packet scheduling (UEPS) algorithm that is able to schedule real time (RT) and non-real time (NRT) traffics at the same time. The proposed UEPS algorithm is designed to support wireless downlink packet scheduling in the OFDMA system which is a strong candidate wireless system for the next generation mobile communications. The UEPS algorithm uses the time-utility function as a scheduling urgency factor and the relative status of the current channel to the average one as an efficiency indicator of radio resource usage. The design goal of the UEPS algorithm is to maximize throughput of NRT traffics with satisfying QoS requirements of RT traffics. The simulation study shows that the proposed UEPS algorithm is able to give better throughput performance than existing wireless packet scheduling algorithms such as proportional fair (PF) and modified-largest weighted delay first (M-LWDF) while satisfying QoS requirements of RT traffics such as the average delay and the packet loss rate under various traffic loads.

• Journal of Computing Science and Engineering
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.83-97
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• 2015

IEEE 802.15.4 is a global standard designed for emerging applications in low-rate wireless personal area networks (LR-WPANs). The standard provides beneficial features, such as a beacon-enabled mode and guaranteed time slots for realtime data delivery. However, how to optimally operate those features is still an open issue. For the optimal operation of the features, this paper proposes a holistic optimization method that jointly optimizes three cross-related problems: cluster-tree construction, nodes' power configuration, and duty-cycle scheduling. Our holistic optimization method provides a solution for those problems so that all the real-time packets can be delivered within their deadlines in the most energy-efficient way. Our simulation study shows that compared to existing methods, our holistic optimization can guarantee the on-time delivery of all real-time packets while significantly saving energy, consequently, significantly increasing the lifetime of the network. Furthermore, we show that our holistic optimization can be extended to take advantage of the spatial reuse of a radio frequency resource among long distance nodes and, hence, significantly increase the entire network capacity.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.31 no.1A
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• pp.30-37
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• 2006

In this paper, we propose a QoS-aware efficient bandwidth re-provisioning scheme in a next generation wireless packet transport network. At the transport network layer, it classifies the traffic of the radio network layer into a real time class and a non-real time class. Using an auto-regressive time-series model and a given packet loss probability, our scheme predicts the needed bandwidth of the non-real time class at every re-provisioning interval. Our scheme increases the system capacity by releasing the unutilized bandwidth of the non-real time traffic class for the real-time traffic class while insuring a controllable upper bound on the packet loss probability of a non-real time traffic class. Through empirical evaluations using the real Internet traffic traces, our scheme is validated that it can increase the bandwidth efficiency while guaranteeing the quality of service requirements of the non-real time traffic class.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.26 no.8
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• pp.984-998
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• 1999

최근 개인 휴대 통신에 대한 관심도가 증가하면서 B-ISDN (Broadband Integrated Services Digital Network)과 같은 기존의 유선 망에서 제공하던 다양한 멀티미디어 응용 지원을 무선 망으로 확장시키기 위한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 그러나 기존의 유선 망에서는 멀티미디어 응용 지원을 위해 QoS (Quality of Service) Provisioning에 관한 많은 연구가 되어 있으나 무선 망에서는 이동성과 무선 전파의 열악한 전송으로 인해 새로운 QoS Provisioning 방법에 관한 연구가 필수적이다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 무선 망의 특수성으로 인해 발생할 수 있는 서비스의 질 저하와 강제 종료를 줄임으로써 지속적인 QoS를 보장해 주고 한정된 무선 자원을 효율적으로 사용하며 처리에 의한 오버헤드를 줄이기 위하여 다음과 같은 세 가지 방법을 제안하였다. 첫째, 핸드오프 강제 종료율을 줄이기 위하여 대역폭 예약 방법을 사용하되 특정 셀의 트래픽 특성에 맞게 또한 시간대에 따른 트래픽 특성에 따라 예약 대역폭의 양을 조절하는 적응적 대역폭 예약 방법이다. 둘째, 많은 경우 각 셀의 트랙픽 변화는 일정한 주기로 변화한다는 특성에 따라 과거의 트래픽 정보를 이용하는 예측 기반의 대역폭 예약 방법이다. 마지막으로 호의 종류, 트래픽 특성, 단말기의 이동 속도에 따라 다른 우선 순위에 의해 호 수락 제어를 수행하는 우선 순위 기반의 호 수락 제어를 제안하였다. 시뮬레이션을 통하여 기존에 제안된 방법과 성능 비교하여, 요구되는 수준의 QoS 보장과 효율적인 자원의 사용, 요구되는 처리비용의 최소화를 통해 전체 시스템의 성능 향상을 입증하였다.Abstract As interest in wireless hand-held terminals and in personal communications services increases recently, there have been broad studies on the ways to support multimedia applications provided in wired networks such as B-ISDN (Broadband Integrated Services Digital Network) in wireless networks. However, since many studies have focused on Quality of Service (QoS) Provisioning in wired networks to provide multimedia applications, new methods of QoS Provisioning are needed in wireless networks to resolve the problem of wireless channel fading and the difficulty of mobility occurred in wireless networks. This paper proposes three schemes of QoS Provisioning in wireless networks which will make continuous QoS guarantee and efficient use of limited wireless resources possible. The first scheme reserves bandwidth in proportion to the amount of real-time traffic in the neighbor cells to decrease the handoff dropping rate of delay sensitive real-time connections, adapting reserved bandwidth for efficient resource utilization. The second scheme is predictive bandwidth reservation scheme that utilizes the past handoff information. It can decrease overheads required to adapt bandwidth reservation. The last scheme is priority-based call admission control prioritizing traffic type (real-time traffic/ non-real-time traffic), connection type (new connection /handoff connection), and mobile terminal speed (fast mobile/slow mobile). Simulation results show that the proposed QoS Provisioning schemes improve the total system performance by achieving three goals - required QoS guarantee, higher bandwidth utilization and less overhead.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.558-569
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• 2017

In this study, a non-preemptive M/G/1 queueing model of a spectrum handoff scheme for cognitive wireless networks is proposed. Because spectrum handoff gives secondary users an opportunity to carry on their transmissions, it is crucially important to determine the actions of primary users. In our queueing model, prioritized data traffic is utilized to meet the requirements of the secondary users. These users' packets are categorized into three different priority classes: urgent, real-time, and non-real time. Urgent data packets have the highest priority, while non-real time data packets have the lowest priority. Riverbed (OPNET) Modeler simulation software was used to simulate both reactive and proactive decision spectrum handoff schemes. The simulation results were consistent with the analytical results obtained under different load and traffic conditions. This study also revealed that the cumulative number of handoffs can be drastically decreased by exploiting priority classes and utilizing a decent spectrum handoff strategy, such as a reactive or proactive decision-based strategy.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2008.06d
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• pp.476-479
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• 2008

Wireless Sensor Network typically incorporates various real time applications that must meet timing constraints under severe resource limitations. Due to the high data rate and burst traffic for that type of applications, occurrence of congestion is very common. Ensuring the end-to-end deadline under congested scenario is quite challenging. In this paper we propose a hop-by-hop rate control algorithm which avoids the congestion as well as ensures that the real time traffic will meet the end-to-end deadline by guaranteeing the meeting of local deadline at intermediate hop. Finally, simulation has demonstrated the effectiveness of our approach.