• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• 제4권5호
• /
• pp.428-432
• /
• 2010

In this study, we investigated that consumers could differentiate between levels of claims and clarify how a visual aid influences consumer understanding of the different claim levels. We interviewed 2,000 consumers in 13 shopping malls on their perception of and confidence in different levels of health claims using seven point scales. The average confidence scores given by participants were 4.17 for the probable level and 4.07 for the possible level; the score for the probable level was significantly higher than that for the possible level (P < 0.05). Scores for confidence in claims after reading labels with and without a visual aid were 5.27 and 4.43, respectively; the score for labeling with a visual aid was significantly higher than for labeling without a visual aid (P < 0.01). Our results provide compelling evidence that providing health claims with qualifying language differentiating levels of scientific evidence can help consumers understand the strength of scientific evidence behind those claims. Moreover, when a visual aid was included, consumers perceived the scientific levels more clearly and had greater confidence in their meanings than when a visual aid was not included. Although this result suggests that consumers react differently to different claim levels, it is not yet clear whether consumers understand the variations in the degree of scientific support.

• 한국초등수학교육학회지
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.479-498
• /
• 2016

시각과 시간은 학교수학의 내용 요소 중 일상생활에 필수적인 수학적 개념이다. 본 연구는 초등학생들의 시각과 시간에 대한 수학적 이해 실태를 분석하고, 그 결과에 기초하여 시각과 시간에 대한 이해 신장을 위한 효과적인 수업 설계 및 교재 개발에 대한 시사점을 도출하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 구체적으로 초등학교 1~5학년 각 1개 학급 학생 약 130명을 대상으로 시각 인식 및 시간 계산 수행 검사지를 적용하고, 그 결과를 토대로 하여 연구 대상의 수학적 이해 정도를 분석하였다. 분석결과, 학생들의 시각 인식 능력은 높았으며, 학교수학에서 몇 시 몇 분의 학습이 완료되는 2학년 시기에 완성됨을 알 수 있었다. 시간 계산은 학년에 따라 차이가 있고, 시각과 시간 학습이 완료되는 시기인 3학년 이상의 학생들도 어려움을 겪는 문항이 있음이 확인되었다. 분석 결과에 기초한 논의로부터 시각과 시간의 수학적 이해 제고를 위한 교수학적 시사점을 제안하였다.

• 패션비즈니스
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.27-42
• /
• 1997

The Korean fashion industry is composed of originality, technique and business management. It is going to be the main role in the living and cultural industry in 21th century as a strategic advanced industry. On the other hand, more than 15,000 persons who majored in correlated fashion are graduated from universities, colleges, and fashion schools every year. But professional and competent persons specialized in clothings are very insufficient. So cultivation of the talented for fashion industry must be suitablely and differentially carried out, according to regional distinction or characteristics of each university, college level, institute and so on. At same time, it is for the subdivided professional educations in fashion field, also. Education institutions related fashion have to practice not only theory but also field-oriented education of fashion industry. The fashion enterprise must invest resolutely in reeducations for incoming and reading employees, too. Briefing the program of cultivating the competent as follows : (1) The execution of certification programes based on professional job series. (2) Cultivation of the talent by cooperation of industry and educational field. (3) Upbringing the specialists who have both abilities of foreign language and living cultural profession. (4) Establishment of a base oriented north-east Asia as the central fashion business. (5) Efficient using of multi-media. (6) Innovation of technology. (7) Preferential treatment of skilled labors apparel industry field. (8) Establishment of the Korean Society of Fashion Business for a bridge of industrial-educational complex and government, for cultivation of the talent. The programs of 'cultivation of the talent' must be differed from to whom', 'what', 'how long'. But the commonness in all is to need the stimulative education and creativity. Through it, 'what and how think' and 'how application' to all directions is acquired.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.11-24
• /
• 2013

This study was conducted to provide basic data for development of a dietary education textbook and guidebook by investigating and analyzing eating behavior, nutrition knowledge and educational needs in elementary school students. Most of the subjects were eating three meals a day (71.5%) and breakfast (75.3%). The percentage of students who consumed proper amount of meals (49.2%) was low. The percentage of students consuming salty food and fatty foods was 28.6% and 42.1%, respectively. The consumption of meat, fish, egg, bean and tofu was high, while the consumption of vegetables, fruits and seaweed was low. The percentage of students consuming processed food was high, but the percentage reading nutrition labels (34.9%) and hazard analysis critical control point (HACCP) mark (26.9%) when buying processed foods was very low. Total scores of eating behavior and nutrition knowledge were significantly higher in female students than in male students (p < 0.05-p < 0.001). The desirable frequency of the education was once a week (60.5%). The most preferred educational method was 'experiment and cooking practice' (40.1%). The students wanted dietary information as 'cooking' (39.0%). As a result of this study, many problems were found in the eating behavior of students and nutritional knowledge was observed to be low as well. On the other hand, the demand for dietary education was very high. The findings of this study suggested the need for developing dietary education programs in order to encourage proper eating habits of students.

• 대한한의진단학회지
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2005

Background: Liu-Yuan-Lei(陸淵雷) said that a medical record is both the marks of treatments and arts made by a excellent practitioner and the essence of TCM(Traditional Chinese Medicine). Jiang-Guan(江瓘) also said that reading medical records is one of the best way to develop one’s abilities If curing a disease without perfect clinical practice. Objectives: study on the special treatment about metrostaxis(崩漏) based on the Yi-Da-Gan(易大艮)’s medical records. and study on the differentiation of abnormal symptoms and signs about cold syndrome with pesudo-heat(眞寒假熱) based on the Yu-Chang(喩昌)'s medical records. Methods: First, read and study the medical records on metrostaxis(崩漏) of that made a profound study by Yi-Da-Gan(易大艮) and cold syndrome with pesudo-heat(眞寒假熱) of that made a profound study by Yu-Chang(喩昌). The next, write a paper on results and conclusions. Results and Conclusions: First, Yi-Da-Gan(易大艮) insist that must control the Qi under the blood disease conditions, taking the case of metrostaxis(崩漏). Secondly, we must study more on estimating the changing condition of Qi and the blood as time goes by, also study on the pulse and pulse condition in the four seasons(四時脈). Thirdly, Yu-Chang(喩昌) insist that be more careful in differentiation of symptoms and signs, taking the case of cold syndrome with pesudo-heat(眞寒假熱). Fourthly, Yu-Chang(喩昌) give an example that in condition of cold syndrome with pesudo-heat(眞寒假熱), sometimes, the pulse and pulse condition can be strong.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
• /
• 제51권1호
• /
• pp.5-27
• /
• 2017

이 연구는 공공도서관 생태계의 담론화를 통한 개선 확장 전략을 제시하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 자연생태계의 순환원리와 구성요소에 근거하여 공공도서관 생태계의 기본원리와 구조적 지형을 해명하고 현주소와 인식을 분석하였다. 이를 바탕으로 다양한 관점과 시각을 차용한 전략적 방안(카르마 법칙을 적용한 도서관의 정체성 및 공공성 보장, 미네르바 신드롬을 극복하기 위한 사서직의 주체성 및 전문성 강화, 파레토 원리를 응용한 자료서비스 및 장서관리의 최적화, 부정적 후광효과를 해소하기 위한 일반열람실 축소와 비교우위 프로그램서비스 제공, 가우스 분포를 준수한 생애주기별 이용편차 해소, 이카루스 역설을 반추한 디지털 패러다임 수용과 이용친화형 공간화, 그레샴 법칙의 경계를 위한 작은도서관의 공공도서관 시스템화, 그리고 폼페이 역설을 반면교사로 삼은 소통강화와 사회문화적 가치 확산 등)을 제안하였다.

• 정신간호학회지
• /
• 제27권4호
• /
• pp.406-414
• /
• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between cell phone dependency and aggression in elementary school students with the mediating effect of leisure activities in South Korea. Methods: Data were cross-sectional in study design with 1,555 fourth grade elementary school students participating in the 4th-year Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS/WIN 23.0 and AMOS 21.0 program. Results: Cell phone dependency has a significant effect on aggression, but it did not act as a control variable in the relationship between the protective factor, weekly book reading time and the amount of daytime play with aggression. Weekly entertainment time and weekly TV and video viewing time had a significant statistical effect on aggression, thus this study confirmed that cell phone dependency acts as a control variable in relation to aggression. Conclusion: As the entertainment time for elementary school students, the time spent watching TV and videos play a negative role, it is necessary to prepare a leisure activity management practice and strategies with an emphasis on entertainment time as well as, TV and video viewing as elementary school students' leisure activities for a healthy school life.

• 비교문화연구
• /
• 제22권
• /
• pp.99-123
• /
• 2011

This paper extracted formal characteristics appearing repetitively in Kim Ji Heon's scenario works making a study of them and examined them from the perspective of the aspects of the confrontation between the author' external environments and the world of his creation. This viewpoint comprehensively implies the two aspects of the acceptance of public needs and the creativity his scenarios have in universal characteristics of the film and scenario community where he made his debut as a scenario writer and played activities most actively. In addition, we investigated how literary features are expressed concretely in the world of his works who has been evaluated as a writer with excellent 'literary value.' His scenario world whose base is humanity and existential questions also performs a function as the reading scenario by realizing one literary perfection in itself and poetic description rather than referential function as a film script, which indicates the aspects of values his scenarios have in the existing creation practice focused on story telling, and especially, in the case of "Manchoo-Late fall" it was found that it expanded the areas of literary value through the beauty of modern form. Through this analysis it is seen that the need was exposed to reconsider problematic recognitions that he was not able to be positioned properly as a writer despite the excellent literary values of Kim Ji Heon's scenarios. This study has a meaning as a start in our research climate where the research on Korean scenario writers is not made in an earnest way but it is necessary to keep making more thorough studies including other scenarios which are not organized into the collection of works, and it is also necessary to make a comparative study with cinematized film texts in our view.

• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.40-53
• /
• 2019

Although fake news has been present in human history at any time, nowadays, with social media, deceptive information has a stronger effect on society than before. This article answers two research questions, namely (1) Is the dissemination of fake news supported by machines through the automatic construction of filter bubbles, and (2) Are echo chambers of fake news manmade, and if yes, what are the information behavior patterns of those individuals reacting to fake news? We discuss the role of filter bubbles by analyzing social media's ranking and results' presentation algorithms. To understand the roles of individuals in the process of making and cultivating echo chambers, we empirically study the effects of fake news on the information behavior of the audience, while working with a case study, applying quantitative and qualitative content analysis of online comments and replies (on a blog and on Reddit). Indeed, we found hints on filter bubbles; however, they are fed by the users' information behavior and only amplify users' behavioral patterns. Reading fake news and eventually drafting a comment or a reply may be the result of users' selective exposure to information leading to a confirmation bias; i.e. users prefer news (including fake news) fitting their pre-existing opinions. However, it is not possible to explain all information behavior patterns following fake news with the theory of selective exposure, but with a variety of further individual cognitive structures, such as non-argumentative or off-topic behavior, denial, moral outrage, meta-comments, insults, satire, and creation of a new rumor.

• 영어영문학
• /
• 제58권2호
• /
• pp.189-215
• /
• 2012

This paper reads Mary Shelley's Frankenstein (1818) in light of the 18th-century understanding of 'sympathy' including those of Hume and Smith and also in light of what Michael Hardt in our century has called "affective labor." I argue that the imaginative capacity and "seeing" are crucial in understanding Smith's idea of 'sympathy.' By showing how the monster's ugliness precludes any human character from sympathizing with him, Mary Shelley exposes that Smith's idea of sympathy fails to maintain social harmony. Mary Shelley revises Smith's 'sympathy' and makes it more radical by suggesting that the active affective labor could bridge the epistemological distance lying between the agent concerned and the impartial spectator. I first read Smith's idea of sympathy as an imaginative capacity which is inevitably influenced by 'seeing' and visual perception. Then I analyze the scenes in which the creature in Frankenstein fails to acquire any human sympathy due to his ugliness, and show how the specular nature of 'sympathy' is disrupted when one party is visually ugly and deformed. I conclude that affective labor and active moral reflection on the part of the spectator need to be provided when the agent concerned is 'ugly' and thus challenges our habitual epistemological boundary. Shelley's re-evaluation of Smith's sympathy, thus, suggests that affective labor may not be something that women alone have to perform, but an ethical practice that concerns all human beings and that can transform the otherwise flawed human capacity for sympathy.