• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.97-106
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• 2021

Social networking platforms have become a smart way for people to interact and meet on internet. It provides a way to keep in touch with friends, families, colleagues, business partners, and many more. Among the various social networking sites, Twitter is one of the fastest-growing sites where users can read the news, share ideas, discuss issues etc. Due to its vast popularity, the accounts of legitimate users are vulnerable to the large number of threats. Spam and Malware are some of the most affecting threats found on Twitter. Therefore, in order to enjoy seamless services it is required to secure Twitter against malicious users by fixing them in advance. Various researches have used many Machine Learning (ML) based approaches to detect spammers on Twitter. This research aims to devise a secure system based on Hybrid Similarity Cosine and Soft Cosine measured in combination with Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to secure Twitter network against spammers. The similarity among tweets is determined using Cosine with Soft Cosine which has been applied on the Twitter dataset. GA has been utilized to enhance training with minimum training error by selecting the best suitable features according to the designed fitness function. The tweets have been classified as spammer and non-spammer based on ANN structure along with the voting rule. The True Positive Rate (TPR), False Positive Rate (FPR) and Classification Accuracy are considered as the evaluation parameter to evaluate the performance of system designed in this research. The simulation results reveals that our proposed model outperform the existing state-of-arts.

• Acta Via Serica
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.133-152
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• 2022

Both in popular perception and specialized literature, the Achaemenid Empire, for over two centuries the most important player from the Aegean to the Indus, is rarely evoked in correlation with the complex of socio-cultural dynamics which shaped the spaces of what has become known as the Silk Road(s). Building on the case study of the Pazyryk carpet on the one hand (King 2021, 353-361, Linduff and Rubinson 2021, 88-97), and of the spread of an artistic motive such as the quatrefoil on the other (Kim 2021), this paper explores the rich and complex nature of the commercial networks that flourished across Central Asia under the aegis of Achaemenid Great Kings. Both archaeological and literary evidence shall be discussed (especially the Aramaic Documents from Ancient Bactria: Naveh and Shaked 2012, and now King 2021, 315-320). If taken together and read against the grain, such material is significant for the following reasons. First, it suggests the existence - and the scale - of commercial activities directly fostered or indirectly promoted by the imperial administration in Central Asia, an area of crucial importance within the Achaemenid domains, but for which our evidence is rather scanty and difficult to assess. Second, it shows how the Achaemenid "Imperial Paradigm" (Henkelman 2017) affected the social and economic landscape of Central Asia even after the demise of the Empire itself, thus considerably shaping the world of the Silk Road(s) a century before the Ancient Sogdian Letters (de la Vaissière 2005, 43-70) or Zhāng Quiān's famous report.

• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.56 no.6
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• pp.1281-1294
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• 2010

In Written on the Body, by creating the narrator's ungendered and unsexed identity, Winterson makes her text open to the reader's assumption of the narrator's sexual and gender identity. Thus, this novel has been read, on the one hand, as a lesbian text by those who assume that the narrator is a female and, on the other hand, as a suspicious text colluding with patriarchal and heterosexual values by those who define the narrator as a male. Those readings of the narrator as one of either sex/gender, however, demonstrate how (academic as well as general) readers have been accustomed to the gender-based reading habits in which textual meanings are dichotomously arranged along the lines of sex and gender of characters. Challenging those dualistic "gendered" readings, this paper reads Winterson's Written on the Body as a queer text which interrogates, troubles, and subverts the heterosexual concepts of narrative, desire, and body without reducing the narrator's identity to the essentialist sex and gender system. More specifically, this paper examines how the narrator's 'un-/over-' determined sexual and gender identity queers the narrative structure of author-character-reader; how the narrator's queer (fluid) desire is passing and traveling across categorical contours of (homo-/hetero-) sexual desires; how Winterson challenges the concept of a coherent body and queers the concept of body as a hermeneutic text with myriad textual grids which are not coherently mapped by power but randomly inscribed by nomadic desires.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.84 no.1
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• pp.110-126
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• 2023

Because of their small size, small bowel malignancies are often easily missed when radiologists read CT images, which can lead to errors in the normal small bowel due to their similar enhancement to the small bowel or non-specific enhancement. In addition, small bowel malignancies are sometimes mistaken for masses of other origins, such as the uterus, rectum, or omentum. In this article, we describe various small-bowel malignancies, their mimicking lesions and the typical and atypical features on CT imaging along with their clinical manifestations.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.1057-1066
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• 2016

This study examined how 'forest name' or 'information of forest healing effectiveness' influence their perceived environmental restorativeness (PER) and perceived healing effectiveness (PHE). Study area was the 'Forest Healing Road (FHR)' in Mudeungsan National Park. Data were collected from 247 visitors selected by convenient sampling method using questionnaire survey during May-June, 2015. Respondents who read interpretive signs (forest name and information on forest healing effectiveness of FHR were written) installed along the FHR were regarded as placebo group and respondents who didn't read them as control group. The results showed that there were no overall differences on PER and PHE between control and placebo groups. Placebo group, however, rated more positive on 'being away' factor of PER than control group. All four factors (i.e., being away, coherence, fascination, comparability) of PER statistically influenced PHE (p<0.001), and these factors explained 51.1% of PHE. The 'coherence' was the most influential to PHE, followed by 'being away', 'comparability', and 'fascination' in order. Placebo effects on PER were shown in male, in lower age group(age${\leq}54$), or respondents with lower visiting experience to FHR(${\leq}20$ times/year). Placebo effects on PHE were found in male, in small group (${\leq}2$ persons), in respondents who visited 'alone' or 'with relatives/family', or in respondents with lower visiting experience to FHR(${\leq}20$ times/year). Some research and managerial implications were suggested.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.248-252
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• 2022

The environment refers to what is surrounded by something during human life. This environment is related to the way humans live, and presents various problems on how to perceive the surrounding environment and how the behaviors that constitute the environment support the elements necessary for human life. Humans have an interest in the supportability of the environment as the interrelationship increases as humans perceive and understand the environment and accept the factors supported by the environment. In space, human movement starts from one space to the next and exchanges stimuli and reactions with the environment until reaching a target point. These human movements start with subjective judgment and during gait movement, the spatial environment surrounding humans becomes a collection of information necessary for humans and gives stimulation. will do. In this process, in particular, humans move along the movement path through movement in space and go through displacement perception and psychological changes, and recognize a series of spatial continuity. An image of thinking is formed[1]. In this process, spatial experience is perceived through the process of filtering by the senses in the real space, and the result of cognition is added through the process of subjective change accompanied by memory and knowledge, resulting in human movement. As such, the spatial search behavior begins with a series of perceptual and cognitive behaviors that arise in the process of human beings trying to read meaning from objects in the environment. Here, cognition includes the psychological process of sorting out and judging what the information is in the process of reading the meaning of the external environment, conditions, and material composition, and perception is the process of accepting information as the first step. It can be said to be the cognitive ability to read the meaning of the environment given to humans. Therefore, if we can grasp the perception of space while moving and human behavior as a response to perception, it will be possible to predict how to grasp it from a human point of view in a space that does not exist. Modern people have the theme of reminiscing dog-friendly hotels for the healing of petloss syndrome, and this thesis attempts to approach the life of companions.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.150-155
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• 2013

We have conducted pyrosequencing for freshwater microbial community analyses. Fourteen sites along the Yeongsan river were selected for this study, and samples were collected monthly from May to July, 2012. Total 987,380 reads were obtained from 42 samples and used for taxonomic classification and OTU distribution analysis. Our results showed that high geographical and temporal variation in the phylum level bacterial composition, suggesting that microbial community is a very sensitive parameter affected by the surrounding environments including tributaries and land use nearby. In addition, we conducted an OTU-based Microbial Source Tracking to identify sources of fecal pollution in the same region. From this study Firmicutes was found to be the most influential taxa in this region. Here, we report that the use of pyrosequencing based microbial community analysis may give an additional information on freshwater quality monitoring, in addition to the currently used water quality parameters, such as BOD and pH.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.808-812
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• 2003

We need a lot of manpower and we can cut down a labor cost by applying industrial robots the footwear bonding automation process. In this study, we suggest how to program off-line robot path along a shoe's outsole shape in the footwear bonding process by 5-axis microscribe system like robot arms. This microscribe system development consists 5-axis microscribe mechanics, signal processing circuit, and PC with software. It is the system for making database of a shoe's outsole through the movement of a microscribe with many joints. To do this, first read 5-encoders' pulse values while a robot arm points a shoe's outsole shape from the initial status. Then, calculate a relative shoe's outsole by Denavit-Hatenberg's (D-H) direct Kinematics of known length of links and coordinate values. Next, calculate the encoders' pulse values of the robot arm's rotation and transmitting the angle pulse values to the PC through a circuit. Finally, it is able to display a shoe's outsole at real-time by computing the Denvavit-Hantenberg's (D-H) direct kinematics in the PC. With the coordinate values calculated above, we can draw a bonding gauge-line on the upper. Also, we can make off-line robot path programming compute a shoe's bonding area on the upper. These results will be effectively applied for programming a robot path on off-line and automatically.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.252-254
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• 2007

Image fusion is fast catching attention as Wagner pointed out in his 2006 version of the recent progress and development presented at the annual meeting of Society of Nuclear Medicine. Prototypical fusion of bone scan and radiograph was already attempted at in 1961 when Fleming et al. published an article on strontium-85 bone scan. They simply superimposed dot scan on radiograph enabling simultaneous assessment of altered bone metabolism and local bone anatomy. Indeed the parallel reading of images of bone scan and radiography, CT, MRI or ultrasonography has been practiced in nuclear medicine long since. It is fortunate that recent development of computer science and technology along with the availability of refined CT and SPECT machines has permitted us to open a new avenue to digitally produce precise fusion image so that they can readily be read, exchanged and disseminated using internet. Ten years ago fusion was performed using Bresstrahlung SPECT/CT and it is now achievable by PET/CT and SPECT/CT software and SPECT/CT hardware. The merit of image fusion is its feasibility of reliable assessment of morphological and metabolic change. It is now applicable not only to stationary organs such as brain and skeleton but also to moving organs such as the heart, lung and stomach. Recently, we could create useful fusion image of cardiac SPECT and 64-channel CT angiograph. The former provided myocardial metabolic profile and the latter vascular narrowing in two patients with coronary artery stenosis and myocardial ischemia. Arterial stenosis was severe in Case 1 and mild in Case 2.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.17-24
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• 2012

Research on Seokgok(石谷), Lee Gyu Jun(李圭晙, 1855~1923)'s thought and medicine was progressed from various angles. There is no research on Chinese poem(漢詩) accounting for the half of his collection of literary works, "Seokgoksango(石谷散稿)" yet. Hence, the article reviewed concerns on his life and what life he lived as a Confusion(儒家) writer through his Chinese poem. Should read "Seokgoksango", Seokgok's spiritual orientation and attitude to life were found to have its core in the Confusion(儒家的), especially ethical(道學的) aspect. Seokgok's Chinese poem materialized his spiritual composition more, able to access up to general emotional state, representing concerns and frustration of intellectuals in the latter era of the Choson Dynasty. Anxiety consciousness(憂患) of patriotism and love of the people which traditional intellectuals implicated enough at the turbulent era of early modern time appeared strongly in his works. Also works seeking for devotion(歸依) toward the clean world(淸明世界) staring at the corrupt world losing the national sovereignty at the same time and the expansion(擴散) was able to be found many. The latter half of the 19th century and the early 20th century when Seokgok lived was the period of changeover in the history of civilization called intersection between traditional era and modern times. His Chinese poem showed traditional intellectuals' anxiety, frustration, conflict, and hope based on such times. Along with the status of an Oriental, medical doctor and thinker, up to discussion on the quality of a writer, the intensified research on him is expected.