• 제목/요약/키워드: Reactive oxygen species

검색결과 2,807건 처리시간 0.03초

페난트렌에 의한 임파구 DNA의 산화적 손상과 인삼추출물에 의한 억제 (Phenanthrene-induced Oxidative DNA Damage of Lymphocytes and the Suppression by Ginseng Extract)

  • 유아름;이미영
    • Journal of Ginseng Research
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    • 제33권4호
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    • pp.355-360
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    • 2009
  • Phenanthrene ($C_{14}H_{10}$) is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with three aromatic rings, and it can be produced by incomplete combustion of fossil fuels. Comet assay was used to examine the oxidative DNA damage of lymphocytes by phenanthrene and to measure the suppressive effects of ginseng extract on the DNA damage in this investigation. The in vitro oxidative DNA damage by phenanthrene increased in a dose-dependent manner in the lymphocyte. However, the DNA damage was significantly inhibited by ascorbate. Moreover, pretreatment, cotreatment and posttreatment with ginseng extract enhanced lymphocyte resistance to the phenanthrene-induced DNA damage. Phenanthrene enhanced the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species, and the elevated reactive oxygen species level was reduced by treatment with ginseng extract.

Exploitation of Reactive Oxygen Species by Fungi: Roles in Host-Fungus Interaction and Fungal Development

  • Kim, Hyo Jin
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제24권11호
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    • pp.1455-1463
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    • 2014
  • In the past, reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been considered a harmful byproduct of aerobic metabolism. However, accumulating evidence implicates redox homeostasis, which maintains appropriate ROS levels, in cell proliferation and differentiation in plants and animals. Similarly, ROS generation and signaling are instrumental in fungal development and host-fungus interaction. In fungi, NADPH oxidase, a homolog of human $gp91^{phox}$, generates superoxide and is the main source of ROS. The mechanism of activation and signaling by NADPH oxidases in fungi appears to be largely comparable to those in plants and animals. Recent studies have shown that the fungal NADPH oxidase homologs NoxA (Nox1), NoxB (Nox2), and NoxC (Nox3) have distinct functions. In particular, these studies have consistently demonstrated the impact of NoxA on the development of fungal multicellular structures. Both NoxA and NoxB (but not NoxC) are involved in host-fungus interactions, with the function of NoxA being more critical than that of NoxB.

Reactive oxygen species-specific characteristics of transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 receptor and its pain modulation

  • Hyun-Ji Yoon;Sung-Cherl Jung
    • Journal of Medicine and Life Science
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    • 제20권1호
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    • pp.1-7
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    • 2023
  • Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) receptors are major polymodal nociceptors that generate primary pain responses in the peripheral nerve endings of the dorsal root ganglion neurons. Recently, we reported that the activation of TRPA1 receptors by reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling, which is triggered by Ca2+ influx through T-type Ca2+ channels, contributes to prolonged pain responses induced by jellyfish toxin. In this review, we focus on the characteristics of the TRPA1 receptor involved in intracellular signaling as a secondary pain modulator. Unlike other transient receptor potential receptors, TRPA1 receptors can induce membrane depolarization by ROS without exogenous stimuli in peripheral and central sensory neurons. Therefore, it is important to identify the functional characteristics of TRPA1 receptors to understand pain modulation under several pathogenic conditions such as neuropathic pain syndromes and autoimmune diseases, which are mediated by oxidative signaling to cause chronic pain in the sensory system.

Multiple Roles of Peroxiredoxins in Inflammation

  • Knoops, Bernard;Argyropoulou, Vasiliki;Becker, Sarah;Ferte, Laura;Kuznetsova, Oksana
    • Molecules and Cells
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    • 제39권1호
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    • pp.60-64
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    • 2016
  • Inflammation is a pathophysiological response to infection or tissue damage during which high levels of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are produced by phagocytes to kill microorganisms. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species serve also in the complex regulation of inflammatory processes. Recently, it has been proposed that peroxiredoxins may play key roles in innate immunity and inflammation. Indeed, peroxiredoxins are evolutionarily conserved peroxidases able to reduce, with high rate constants, hydrogen peroxide, alkyl hydroperoxides and peroxynitrite which are generated during inflammation. In this minireview, we point out different possible roles of peroxiredoxins during inflammatory processes such as cytoprotective enzymes against oxidative stress, modulators of redox signaling, and extracellular pathogen- or damage-associated molecular patterns. A better understanding of peroxiredoxin functions in inflammation could lead to the discovery of new therapeutic targets.

Effect of Vitamin E Against the Cytotoxicity of Reactive Oxygen Species on Vascular Endothelial Cells

  • Kwon O-Yu;Park Seung-Taeck
    • 대한의생명과학회지
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    • 제12권3호
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    • pp.255-259
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    • 2006
  • Reactive oxygen species (ROS) is one of the main pathological factors in endothelial disorder. For example, an atherosclerosis is induced by the dysfunction of vascular endothelial cells. The dysfunction of vascular endothelial cells cascades to secrete intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-l substance by ROS. Therefore, The ROS is regraded as an important factor of the injury of vascular endothelial cells and inducement of atherosclerosis. Oxygen radical scavengers playa key role to prevention of many diseases mediated by oxidative stress of ROS. In this study, the toxic effect of ROS on vascular endothelial cells and the effect of antioxidant, vitamin E on bovine pulmonary vascular endothelial cell line (BPVEC) treated with hydrogen peroxide were examined by the colorimetric assay. ROS decreased remarkably cell viability according to the dose- and time-dependent manners. In protective effect of vitamin E on BPVEC treated with hydrogen peroxide, vitamin E increased remarkably cell viability compared with control after BPVEC were treated with $15{\mu}M$ hydrogen peroxide for 6 hours. From these results, it is suggested that ROS has cytotoxicity on cultured BPVEC and oxygen radical scavenger such as vitamin E is very effective in prevention of oxidative stress-induced cytotoxicity.

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유산균의 항산화 효과 (Antioxidative Ability of Lactic Acid Bacteria)

  • 김현수;함준상
    • 한국축산식품학회지
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    • 제23권2호
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    • pp.186-192
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    • 2003
  • 최근 항산화제 연구는 식품, 의약품, 농업분야 등 다방면에서 이용될 수 있기 때문에 많은 산업적 효과를 기대할 수 있다. 특히 지금까지 알려진 항산화제가 약한 활성, 독성 및 사용상의 한계로 인하여 사용하는데 있어서 많은 문제점을 내포하고 있다. 따라서 천연으로부터 보다 안전하고 강한 활성을 지닌 천연항산화제의 개발이 요구된다. 활성산소 제거능력이 향상된 유산균은 식품산업에 중요하며 인간 장내 외인성, 내인성 산화적 스트레스 제거에 중요하다고 생각된다. 따라서 유산균을 이용한 항산화제의 고부가가치 창출을 위해서는 생물학적 기능연구 및 질병모델계에서의 효능평가가 이루어져야 하며 항산화제의 효능검정 및 항산화제 작용 메커니즘 등 다양한 방면의 연구가 병행되어야 할 것으로 생각된다

TETRAHYDROPAPAVEROLINE INDUCES DNA DAMAGE AND APOPTOTIC CELL DEATH THROUGH GENERATION OF REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES

  • Shin, Mi-Hyun;Jang, Jung-Hee;Lee, Jeong-Sang;Surh, Young-Joon
    • 한국독성학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국독성학회 2001년도 International Symposium on Signal transduction in Toxicology
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    • pp.124-124
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    • 2001
  • Tetrahydropapaveroline(THP), a dopamine-derived 6,7-dihydroxy-l-(3',4'-dihydroxybenzyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrosioquinoline, has been suspected as a possible dopaminergic neurotoxin to elicit Parkinsonism. Autoxidation or monoamine oxidase-mediated oxidation of THP and subsequent generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) may contribute to the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons induced by this isoquinoline alkaloid.(omitted)

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Arachidonic Acid Liberated through Activation of $iPLA_2$ Mediates the Production of Reactive Oxygen Species and Apoptosis Induced by N-Ethylmaleimide in HepG2 Human Hepatoma Cells

  • Lee, Yong-Soo
    • 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한약학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2
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    • pp.242.2-243
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    • 2002
  • We have previously reported that activation of $K^{+}$-$Cl^{-}$-cotransport (KCC) by N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) induces apoptosis through generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in HepG2 human hepatoblastoma cells. In this study we investigated the possible role of phospholipase $A_2$($PLA_2$)-arachidonic acid (AA) signals in the mechanism of the NEM actions. (omitted)

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