• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.2753-2762
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• 2013

Recently the paradigm of cyber attacks is changing due to the information security technology improvement. The cyber attack that uses the social engineering and targets the end users has been increasing as the organization's systems and networks security controls have been tightened. The 91% of APT(Advanced Persistent Threat) which targets an enterprise or a government agency to get the important data and disable the critical service starts with the spear phishing email. In this paper, we analysed the security threats and characteristics of the spear phishing in detail and explained why the technical solutions are not enough to prevent spear phishing attacks. Therefore, we proposed the administrative prevention methods for the spear phishing attack.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.113-121
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• 2001

The employee's are one of the most important parameters determining the success of orga as they have profound influence on the existence, growth and the development of an orga The importance of the workers in the credit unions prompted studies on the human re management. The credit unions are currently facing the impending needs not only to retain t also to help them grew in the organization, as their business prospects are becoming incr shaky. Therefore, this study was conducted to provide suggestion for a future research by estab human relations among the staff members in terms of factors affecting the quality of personal they provide centering on the influence caused by such factors. According1y this study presented the method to improve personal service provided b employees of the credit union by working out problem revealed by previous researches and more developed study results

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.23.1-23.5
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• 2018

Virus taxonomy was initially determined by clinical experiments based on phenotype. However, with the development of sequence analysis methods, genotype-based classification was also applied. With the development of genome sequence analysis technology, there is an increasing demand for virus taxonomy to be extended from in vivo and in vitro to in silico. In this study, we verified the consistency of the current International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses taxonomy using an in silico approach, aiming to identify the specific sequence for each virus. We applied this approach to norovirus in Caliciviridae, which causes 90% of gastroenteritis cases worldwide. First, based on the dogma "protein structure determines its function," we hypothesized that the specific sequence can be identified by the specific structure. Firstly, we extracted the coding region (CDS). Secondly, the CDS protein sequences of each genus were annotated by the conserved domain database (CDD) search. Finally, the conserved domains of each genus in Caliciviridae are classified by RPS-BLAST with CDD. The analysis result is that Caliciviridae has sequences including RNA helicase in common. In case of Norovirus, Calicivirus coat protein C terminal and viral polyprotein N-terminal appears as a specific domain in Caliciviridae. It does not include in the other genera in Caliciviridae. If this method is utilized to detect specific conserved domains, it can be used as classification keywords based on protein functional structure. After determining the specific protein domains, the specific protein domain sequences would be converted to gene sequences. This sequences would be re-used one of viral bio-marks.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.28.1-28.6
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• 2018

Due to the increasing interest in synonymous codons, several codon bias-related terms were introduced. As one measure of them, the tRNA adaptation index (tAI) was invented about a decade ago. The tAI is a measure of translational efficiency for a gene and is calculated based on the abundance of intracellular tRNA and the binding strength between a codon and a tRNA. The index has been widely used in various fields of molecular evolution, genetics, and pharmacology. Afterwards, an improved version of the index, named specific tRNA adaptation index (stAI), was developed by adapting tRNA copy numbers in species. Although a subsequently developed webserver (stAIcalc) provided tools that calculated stAI values, it was not available to access pre-calculated values. In addition to about 100 species in stAIcalc, we calculated stAI values for whole coding sequences in 148 species. To enable easy access to this index, we constructed a novel web database, named STADIUM (Species-specific tRNA adaptive index compendium). STADIUM provides not only the stAI value of each gene but also statistics based on pathway-based classification. The database is expected to help researchers who have interests in codon optimality and the role of synonymous codons. STADIUM is freely available at http://stadium.pmrc.re.kr.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.66-68
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• 2021

The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak to be a pandemic on March 12, 2020. In Korea, there have been 24,027 confirmed cases of COVID-19 and 420 deaths as of October 3, 2020. The clinical spectrum of COVID-19 ranges from asymptomatic infection to death. Cancer care in this pandemic has radically changed. The literature was reviewed. The COVID-19 pandemic has made it urgently necessary to profoundly re-organize cancer patients' care without compromising cancer outcomes. Several important questions in regard to COVID-19 infection in cancer patients have emerged. Are patients with cancer at a higher risk of COVID-19 infection? Are they at an increased risk of mortality and severe illness when infected with COVID-19? Does anticancer treatment affect the course of COVID-19? Based on the existing research, cancer patients with immunosuppression are vulnerable to COVID-19 infection, and cancer patients are more likely to experience severe COVID-19. However, chemotherapy and major surgery do not seem to be predictors of hospitalization or severe disease. Korean background data on patients with cancer and COVID-19 are lacking. Prospective multicenter studies on the outcomes of patients with cancer and COVID-19 should be conducted.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Visualization
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.26-31
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• 2021

The spanwise growth of turbulence structures in turbulent pipe flow was investigated using the direct numerical simulation data of Re_𝜏 = 544, 934 and 3008. Two-point correlations and pre-multiplied energy spectra of streamwise velocity fluctuations were examined along the spanwise direction. The arclength direction is defined as r𝛳, which is useful for an analogy with the spanwise direction for channels or boundary layers; here, r and 𝛳 are the radial distance from the core and the azimuthal angles, respectively. Both analyses showed that the arclength scales increased with increasing the wall-normal distance. It showed that the coherent structures were confined in the core region due to the crowding effect of a circular pipe geometry. The pipe flow simulation could describe a realistic geometrical flow along the azimuthal direction, unlike the simulations of turbulent channel or boundary layer flow using periodic boundary conditions along the spanwise direction. The present results provided the spanwise organization of energy-containing motions over a broad range of scales in turbulent pipe flow.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.393-402
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• 2021

As greenhouse gas emissions from maritime transport are increasing, the International Maritime Organization is continuously working to strengthen emission regulations. Liquefied natural gas (LNG) fuel is less advantageous as a point of CO₂ reduction due to the methane leakage that occurs during the bunkering and operation of marine engines. In this study, greenhouse gas emissions from an LNG-fueled ship were analyzed from the perspective of the life cycle. The amount ofmethane emission during the bunkering and operation procedures with various boil-off gas (BOG) treatment methods and gas engine specifications was analyzed by dynamic simulation. The results were also compared with those of other liquid fuel engines. As a result, small LNG-fueled ships without a BOG treatment facility emitted 32% more greenhouse gas than ships utilizing marine gas oil or heavy fuel oil. To achieve a greenhouse gas reduction via a BOG treatment method, a gas combustion unit or re-liquefaction system must be mounted, which results in a greenhouse gas reduction effect of about 25% and 30%. As a result of comparing the amount of greenhouse gas generated according to the BOG treatment method used with each tank size from the perspective of the operating cycle with the amounts from using existing marine fuels, the BOG treatment method showed superior effects of greenhouse gas reduction.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.191-204
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• 2021

The software development life cycle (SDLC) is a procedure used to develop a software system that meets both the customer's needs and real-world requirements. The first phase of the SDLC involves creating a conceptual model that represents the involved domain in reality. In requirements engineering, building such a model is considered a bridge to the design and construction phases. However, this type of model can also serve as a basic model for identifying business processes and how these processes are interconnected to achieve the final result. This paper focuses on process modeling in organizations, per se, beyond its application in the SDLC when an organization needs further documentation to meet its growth needs and address regular changes over time. The resultant process documentation is created alongside the daily operations of the business process. The model provides visualization and documentation of processes to assist in defining work patterns, avoiding redundancy, or even designing new processes. In this paper, a proposed diagrammatic representation models each process using one diagram comprising five actions and two types of relations to build three levels of depiction. These levels consist of a static description, events, and the behavior of the modeled process. The viability of a thinging machine is demonstrated by re-modeling some examples from the literature.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.17-30
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• 2022

The aim of this study is to explore an advanced version of value orientation for public organizations by re-examining the orientation of Social Value, which was radically pursued by the Moon Jae-in government. This study finds that the approach was problematic by the Big Society agenda that was a starting point for social value discussions. For this purpose, this study analyzed the Big Society agenda, and then, suggested alternative values and tools in terms of public value and co-production for social value followed by policy implications to make them happen. This study, therefore, acknowledges that current policies and approaches to the social value of public organizations should be changed drastically.

• The Journal of Economics, Marketing and Management
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.5-20
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• 2018

Purpose- The study aims to understand the perception of the employees regarding employee relations, organizational culture, employee welfare and job design within the organization. Research design, data, and methodology - It is a descriptive study. A climate survey was conducted on the staff of NTPC, Badarpur. The sample size is 100. The data has been analyzed using excel and SPSS. Results - The study finds the lack of free flow of communication with the information by the top and middle management to lower levels, lack of existence of positive attitude, lack of recreational activities to bring stress level down. NTPC, Badarpur is an association which gives a wide range of offices to its workers along these lines giving fulfilment to its representatives all things considered. Conclusions - Correspondence network ought to be entirely clung to all the more free stream of correspondence by top and center administration. Greater lucidity with respect to expected set of responsibilities might be useful. Orderly enlistment is required. Human Asset prerequisites in groups should be re looked guaranteeing sufficient colleagues in a group. Workers are submitted towards association's objective. NTPC, Badarpur ought to move with the developing advancements so it can adapt up to the quicker rivalry.