• 영미문화
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.97-125
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• 2014

This paper delves into the question of universality in Native American Literature focusing on Leslie Marmon Silko's Ceremony, exploring some different definitions of universality and looking at the work in the light of these definitions. In this paper I proposed four possible definitions or faces of universality applicable to the narrative of the oppressed people. Firstly, the colonizers indoctrinate their colonized persons with the colonialists' beliefs through the process of assimilation purposefully imposed in the name of universality. In Ceremony Rocky and Emo are the victims of assimilation including militarization. Secondly, the colonized people hold on to their traditional values in face of colonizers' universalism. In Ceremony Tayo shows an attachment to tribal stories in opposition to whites' lies. Thirdly, the colonized can get together by sharing experiences of violence, occupation, and loss of their land and language, forming a bond of "commonality" among them. In Ceremony the story of a medicine man, Betonie, suggests oneness of victims against the evil power of destroyers represented by nuclear bombs. Fourthly and lastly, the universal consists in the subject's trial and practice attempting to achieve universalism against the existing order, not in the stipulation defining what is universal. In the story Tayo endeavors to retrieve his cattle by transgressing whites' property and makes a hole in the established dichotomy of whites and Indians. In sum, Ceremony as a minor literature shows the developmental aspects of universality, culminating in Tayo's refusal to assimilate himself to whites' lies.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제32권12호
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• pp.1515-1526
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• 2022

Eukaryotic chromatin is highly organized in the 3D nuclear space and dynamically regulated in response to environmental stimuli. This genomic organization is arranged in a hierarchical fashion to support various cellular functions, including transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Like other host cellular mechanisms, viral pathogens utilize and modulate host chromatin architecture and its regulatory machinery to control features of their life cycle, such as lytic versus latent status. Combined with previous research focusing on individual loci, recent global genomic studies employing conformational assays coupled with high-throughput sequencing technology have informed models for host and, in some cases, viral 3D chromosomal structure re-organization during infection and the contribution of these alterations to virus-mediated diseases. Here, we review recent discoveries and progress in host and viral chromatin structural dynamics during infection, focusing on a subset of DNA (human herpesviruses and HPV) as well as RNA (HIV, influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2) viruses. An understanding of how host and viral genomic structure affect gene expression in both contexts and ultimately viral pathogenesis can facilitate the development of novel therapeutic strategies.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.75-86
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• 2011

Objectives : This study investigated oriental diagnosis and treatment of reflex esophagitis (RE) such as syndrome differentiation and herbal medicine by reviewing Chinese journals. Methods : A journal search was performed using China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) from January 2006 to December 2010. The keywords were the various combinations of 'reflex esophagitis', 'Chinese medicine', 'syndrome differentiation', and 'herbal medicine'. All types of journal entries that explained or referred to herbal medicines and definite syndrome differentiations were included. The Types of the journals were randomized clinical trials (RCT), reviews, essays, case series and reports. Vague syndrome differentiations and experimental studies were excluded. Selected journals were extracted and summarized by two researchers independently. Results : 47 Chinese entries were finally selected. 61% of them were case-control trials that had non-randomized, active controlled clinical trials. 36 kinds of syndrome differentiations about RE were investigated. We summarized and divided them into 10 syndrome differentiation groups. 肝胃不和(syndrome of liver qi invading the stomach) in syndrome differentiation, 和胃降逆 (harmonize the stomach and direct qi downward) in method of treatment, and Jwa kum-whan (左金丸) were cited with high frequency in RE. Conclusions : We find that many kinds of syndrome differentiation groups and herbal medicines for reflex esophagitis are used in China, compared with Korea. Further studies will be required about oriental syndrome differentiation and treatment of this disease.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.61-74
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• 2003

It is essential to develop legal and legislative devices like the National Environmental Act to conduct systematic and continuous environmental education. In many Countries including the Uinted States, Great Britain, Germany, and Australia, environmental education has been developing based on legal and legislative systems. Of those cases, the Uintes States made efforts to promote environmental education through legislation, which can have significant implications for us with intention to legislate the National Environmental Education Promotion Act. This study is focusing on our environmental education by studying the histiry and current situation of National Environmental Education Act, PL 91 516 of the United States and its features. In case of the United States, there has been several amendments and re-approvals. since the first National Environmental Education Act was legislated. The public hearing for the re-approval of National Environmental Education Act whIch was legislated in 1990 was held during the Summer of 2000. This gave us important reference data including the need of environmental education, its effects, and considering articles. As a result of the public hearing, 1990. National Environmental Education Act was recognized and some articles were amended. Its re-approved as John H Chafee Environmental Education Act of 2001, PL 107-S 876 IS Some implications and suggestions were drawn from the case study, which included the importance of related ministries, financial support, the role of Consulting Committee and Special Committee for environmental educators, environmental education program certification system.

• 한국어교육
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.109-137
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• 2018

The purpose of teacher education is to improve the professionalism of teachers above the current level. The type of teacher education to improve the professionalism of experienced teachers is broadly divided into top-down education and bottom-up education. So far, studies on top-down education were commonly conducted in the field of Korean language education. However, there has been an increasing number of studies emphasizing the need for bottom-up education, driven by the voluntary participation of teachers in recent years. The purpose of this study is to suggest the direction of reflective teacher education for experienced Korean language teachers. For this purpose, a survey was conducted of 71 Korean language teachers who had more than 5 years of experience. The contents of the survey consisted of opinions regarding existing teacher education, the need for reflective teacher education, and the perception of teaching professionalism. The results showed that experienced Korean language teachers had a positive perception of the existing teacher re-education experience. Also, 91% of the respondents said they intend to participate in the reflective teacher education program. In particular, respondents showed high demands for 'peer coaching', 'peer observation', and 'teaching portfolios' among reflective teacher education programs. Lastly, many respondents selected 'development and utilization of teaching materials', 'encouraging learner's utterances', and 'leading learner's interest and motivation' as sub-elements of teaching professionalism that they wish to improve through teacher re-education.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.961-969
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• 2021

한국춤의 역사적 흐름에서 한국 전통춤은 근대화 과정으로 인한 무대무용으로의 전환, 전통춤의 유형화 작업, 전통춤의 재구성 또는 재창작화라는 변화의 과정을 거치며 지속적으로 진화하고 있다고 할 수 있다. 더욱이 한국 전통춤 전승에 있어서 시대성을 반영한 재구성·재창작화 경향은 2000년대 이후 전통춤 공연 현장에서 흔히 발견할 수 있는데 이 과정에서 전통춤 공연은 원형복원과 보존을 수행하는 공연과 시대성을 반영한 전통춤 진화 현상이라는 두 가지 방향성을 가지고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 전통춤이 전승되는 형태의 변화와 전통춤이 진화하는 과정에 대한 연구이며, 그중 이동안류 진쇠춤의 전승패러다임의 변화에 관하여 연구하였다. 전통춤의 전승 패러다임의 변화는 원형이 가지고 있는 의의나 형태가 훼손되지 않는 범위 내에서 시대적 흐름을 통해 무대화 되었다는 점에서 시대적인 관점을 수용하고 전통춤의 현대화를 꾀하는 하나의 방법으로서 다양한 구성방식의 활발한 변화가 수행되어지고 있음을 알 수 있었으며 또한 전통춤의 전승 패러다임은 미래 지향적인 전통춤의 전승 방안으로서 새로운 면모를 제시하는 등 다양한 방향성을 유도 한다는 점에서 그 가치를 인정할 수 있다고 하겠다.

• 영어영문학
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• 제56권6호
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• pp.1361-1378
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• 2010

This paper argues that it is possible to construct an analogy of the literary fragment to an organic individual on the basis of an autonomous system of organic unity by reading William Wordsworth's ways of self-writing in The Prelude. The organicity of a fragment is borrowed from Friedrich Schlegel's theoretic and literary approach to the Romantic fragment. Focusing primarily on the two "spots of time" in Book Twelfth, I attempt to formulate a reciprocal relationship between a work of art and a literary autobiographer in terms of the self-generativity of the fragment. To be precise, both the fragment and the autobiographical project presuppose and at the same time depend on the engendering force of an organic unity and its resistance to discontinuity, which ironically affirms the persistent threat of disruption and death. Rewriting traumatic childhood experiences as rites of passage into adulthood, the two specified "spots of time" show the dominant mode of memory operative in the poem. Asserting the prominence of the individual as the very vehicle of realizing universal humanity, Wordsworth tries to re-form his individuality grounded in his childhood memories in a literary fashion. Under the premise that the poet is remembered by his posterity, The Prelude is constituted and reconstituted in conjunction with different versions of each memory. The poem also marks the poet's unachieved project of writing a philosophical poem, namely, The Recluse; for this very reason, The Prelude, which is complete in itself, points to an eternal work in progress, turning the truth of every fragment complete in its incompletion. As a trope of fragmentation, an autobiographical individuality is reformed in the poet's process of writing and re-visioning while simultaneously being dispersed once again between words, sentences, and pages.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.482-494
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• 2015

본 연구의 목적은 "2013 천안흥타령 춤 축제"를 방문한 이용객 중 800명을 대상으로 연구를 진행하였고, 설문조사는 축제가 개최되고 있는 장소에서 무작위 방식으로 진행하였다. 사회적 품질, 과정적 품질, 물리적 품질의 서비스품질 측정기준을 설정하여 추출된 각 요인들이 전반적인 서비스품질에 미치는 영향관계를 분석하였고, 전반적인 서비스품질이 이용객의 만족에 미치는 영향과 재방문의사에 미치는 영향관계를 규명하였다. 분석결과 1) 사회적 품질요인(문화적효과,이미지효과) 2) 과정적 품질요인(방문자중심서비스, 음식기념품) 3) 물리적 품질요인(행사장이용편리성, 시설배치) 4) 축제의 전반적서비스품질이 방문자만족에 영향 5) 축제의 방문자만족이 재방문의사에 영향을 미치는 항목에서 모두 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.121-132
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• 2017

본 연구는 창업기업의 무형적인 기업자원의 효과적 활용에 따른 경쟁력 확보에 대하여 연구 목적이 있다. 본 연구를 위해서, BI 센터와 7년 미만의 창업기업 제품을 이용한 고객이 창업기업을 대상으로 평가하는 방식으로 설문조사를 진행하였다. Schmitt 교수의 경험적 요소를 이론적 배경으로 살펴보았고, 이러한 경험적 요소와 태도가 재 구매의 개념으로서 의사결정 과정상 선행 프로세스로 작동되는지 살펴보았다. 연구결과 첫째, 고객의 사용경험과 탐색경험이 재 구매의도에 영향을 준다는 것을 명확하게 보여 주었다. 둘째, 고객의 사용경험과 탐색경험, 접촉경험은 고객태도에 유의적인 영향관계로 파악되었다. 셋째, 고객태도는 고객의 사용경험과 고객의 탐색경험이 재 구매의도에 주는 영향을 매개 하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과는 창업 초기기업이 고객의 경험적 요소를 잘 관리하면 재 구매의도를 높여 시설과 인력의 자원이 부족한 중소기업의 한계에 적절히 대처할 수 있음을 본 연구는 시사하고 있다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제19권11호
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• pp.46-56
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• 2019

본 연구는 클래식 음악공연 관객을 대상으로 공연을 소비할 때 추구하는 가치를 파악하고, 유형별 영향력의 차이를 규명하여 기존 공급자 과잉이었던 클래식 음악공연에서 수요자인 관객 중심으로 학문적 연구의 기반을 넓히고자 하였다. 또한, 소비가치가 관람몰입과 만족에 어떠한 영향을 미치며 재관람의도로 이어지는가를 구조적 관계를 통해 검증하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 소비가치이론 적용하여 클래식 음악공연을 1년 이내에 관람한 관객을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하고, smartPLS 3.0을 사용해 분석하였다. 그 결과, 관람몰입에 기능적 가치와 감정적가치가 영향을 주고, 만족에는 기능적가치는 유의미한 정(+)의 영향, 사회적가치는 부(-)적 영향으로 나타났다. 관람몰입과 만족, 재관람의도의 구조적 관계는 서로 강한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 클래식 음악공연의 시장 특성과 현황을 고찰하고, 이를 바탕으로 관람만족에 영향을 미치는 관객의 소비가치 요인들을 찾아 재관람율을 높일 수 있는 효과적인 마케팅 전략을 구사할 수 있는 것에 시사점이 있다.