• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.145-157
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• 2020

Purpose This study proposed an approach for predicting the efficiency rating of the cultural tourism festivals using DEA and machine learning techniques. The cultural tourism festivals are selected for the best festivals through peer reviews by tourism experts. However, only 10% of the festivals which are held in a year could be evaluated in the view of effectiveness without considering the efficiency of festivals. Design/methodology/approach Efficiency scores were derived from the results of DEA for the prediction of efficiency ratings. This study utilized BCC models to reflect the size effect of festivals and classified the festivals into four ratings according the efficiency scores. Multi-classification method were considered to build the prediction of four ratings for the festivals in this study. We utilized neural networks and SVMs with OAO(one-against-one), OAR(one-against-rest), C&S(crammer & singer) with Korea festival data from 2013 to 2018. Findings The number of total visitors in low efficient rating of DEA is more larger than the number of total visitors in high efficient ratings although the total expenditure of visitors is the highest in the most efficient rating when we analyzed the results of DEA for the characteristics of four ratings. SVM with OAO model showed the most superior performance in accuracy as SVM with OAR model was not trained well because of the imbalanced distribution between efficient rating and the other ratings. Our approach could predict the efficiency of festivals which were not included in the review process of culture tourism festivals without rebuilding DEA models each time. This enables us to manage the festivals efficiently with the proposed machine learning models.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.41-53
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• 2010

In this paper, we discuss patent pool and a patent valuation scheme for fair royalty distribution among the patents in a pool. In the knowledge-based economy, intellectual capital-the accumulation of technology and know-how-is recognized as the most important source of company's competitive advantage and economic growth. By providing exclusive rights to patent holders, the patent system aims to encourage innovation-invention & commercialization of new technologies-in order to raise the standard of living. However, drawbacks of patent system, which occur as the number of patents issued increases rapidly and patent ownership is fragmented, may slow down the innovation efforts seriously. A promising solution is the patent pool approach, which was for instance employed by the U.S. congress during World War I to free the airplane manufacturers from the patent tangle by letting them license all the patents for a fee. It is necessary to figure out relative technological contribution of patent for fair distribution of royalty revenues among patent holders. The Rating/Ranking Method seems to fit to that valuation purpose. We examined technology valuation models from various organizations and selected a set of more influential valuation factors which can be incorporated as scoring criteria in the Rating/Ranking Method.

• The Journal of the Korean life insurance medical association
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.152-181
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• 1985

A statistical analysis on the cardiothoracic ratio in insurance medicine was carried out for 5,200 insured persons who were medically examined including photofluorography of the chest at the Honam medical department, Dong Bang life insurance Company, Ltd from November, 1979 to August, 1984. The results were as follows: 1. The mean value of the cardiothoracic ratio in all of the insured was $44.2{\pm}4.3%$. The mean value of the cardiothoracic ratio was $43.1{\pm}4.1%$ in all males and $45.2{\pm}4.2%$ in all females, and the difference of the values between males and females showed statistical significance(P<0.001). In each age group, the mean value of the cardiothoracic ratios of female was higher than that of male without exception and the difference of the values between males and females showed statistical significance(P<0.001). The mean value of the cardiothoracic ratio showed gradual increase with age from the second to sixth decade in male(P<0.05 or 0.001 after fourth decade) and from the second to seventh decade in female(P<0.05 or 0.001 from the second to sixth decade). 2. Correlation between both sexes and among age groups relating to the cardiothoracic ratios of the insureds seen to be a physiological phenomenon of the cardiac size and should be considered on the rating of the cardiothoracic ratio. Based on the correlation above mentioned and an author's assumption that the incidence of normal and abnormal cardiothoracic ratios in each age group would show the same rate in male and female, author prepared a modified rating table from the existing table; in male group the existing rating table is used and in female group the ratings of 0, 30-50, 50-100 and 100-D are to calculate by the cardiothoracic ratio of 51%or under, 52-56%, 57-61% and 62% or over respectively in the age group below 39, by the cardiothoracic ratio of 52% or under, 53-57%, 58%-62% and 63% or over respectively in the age group of 40-49, by the cardiothoracic ratio of 53% or under, 54-58%, 59-63% and 64% or over respectively in the age group over 60. 3. The relative frequency distribution polygons of the cardiothoracic ratio of both sexes drawn in a pair on one coordinate plane revealed lying in juxtaposition each other horizontally and showed the shifting of females polygon to male's one toward the direction of greater value of the cardiothoracic ratio at a short distance which increased gradually with age. 4. The minimum cardiothoracic ratio was 31.2% and the maximum cardiothoracic ratio was 63.6% in all of the insured. 5. In each age group, no significant sex difference was found in the relative frequency distribution of ratings by the cardiothoracic ratios of 5,200 insureds by using the rating table modified by author, while significant sex difference was found by using the existing rating table.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.48 no.10
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• pp.807-816
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• 2015

In general, the water stage-discharge relationship curve is established based on the assumptions of linearity and homoscedasticity. However, the relationship between the water stage and discharge is affected from geomorphological factors, which violates the basic assumptions of the water stage-discharge relationship curve. In order to reduce the error due to the violations, the curve is divided into several sections based on the manager's judgement considering change of cross-sectional shape. In this research, the objective-splitting criteria of the curve is proposed based on the measured data without the subjective decision. First, it is assumed that the coefficient of variation follows the normal distribution. Then, if the newly calculated coefficient of variation is outside of the 95% confidential interval, the curve is divided. Namely, the groups is divided by the characteristics of the coefficient of variation and the reasonable criteria is provided for establishing a multi-segmented rating curve. To validate the proposed method, it was applied to the data generated by three artificial power functions. In addition, to confirm the applicability of the proposed method, it is applied to the water stage and discharge data of the Muju water stage gauging station and Sangegyo water stage gauging station. As a result, it is found that the automatically divided rating curve improves the accuracy and extrapolation accuracy of the rating curve. Finally, through the residual analysis using Shapiro-Wilk normality test, it is confirmed that the residual of water stage-discharge relationship curve tends to follow the normal distribution.

• Journal of the Korean Data Analysis Society
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.2993-3002
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• 2018

This case study introduces the process of developing the technology rating evaluation model for investment. The technology evaluation rating model for investment is a project that the Financial Services Commission and the Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy collaborated to expand the scope of technology finance from loan to investment. The technology evaluation model for investment was developed with the aim of predicting high growth companies. The model consists of a statistical model and an expert model. Here, statistical models were modeled by using logistic regression analysis. Expert models gathered opinions of experts and identified the weight of each evaluation item and set the model. The rating system of the model is composed of 10 grades. The distribution of the model was consistent with KTRS grade distribution. Interestingly, the emphasis is on technology and marketability. In the technology valuation grade model for the goddess, there is a considerable difference from the emphasis on managerial competence or business performance.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.241-249
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• 1998

Somatotypes in the lower torso and legs of adult females were classified and discriminated. Then their distribution according to the age groups was studied. The subjects were 343 females of 18 to 49 year-old. 36 anthropometric and 21 photographic measurements were taken to each subject. The results were as follows: 1. The somatotypes in the lower torso and legs were classified into 4 types and their differences were shown by analysing factor scores and anthropometric values according to each somatotype. 2. The shape characteristic of tile classified somatotypes was represented by the rating scale of Heath-Carter. 3. The lateral silhouettes of 4 types were compared with balanced type which is type 3 in this study. 4. Individual somatotype in the lower torso and legs could be discriminated from the measured anthropometric data without modifying the data. Anthropometric data, which are needed for discriminating individual somatotype, are waist circumference, posterior waist height, and hip circumference. 5. The distribution of the somatotypes in each age group showed that the dominant somatotype of each age group was different and any somatotype was shown in a specified age group but rarely in other age group.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.719-731
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• 2012

Agreement analysis is conducted to assess reliability among rating results performed repeatedly on the same subjects by one or more raters. The kappa statistic is commonly used when rating scales are categorical. The simple and weighted kappa statistics are used to measure the degree of agreement between two raters, and the generalized kappa statistics to measure the degree of agreement among more than two raters. In this paper, we compare the performance of four different generalized kappa statistics proposed by Fleiss (1971), Conger (1980), Randolph (2005), and Gwet (2008a). We also examine how sensitive each of four generalized kappa statistics can be to the marginal probability distribution as to whether marginal balancedness and/or homogeneity hold or not. The performance of the four methods is compared in terms of the relative bias and coverage rate through simulation studies in various scenarios with different numbers of raters, subjects, and categories. A real data example is also presented to illustrate the four methods.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.80-89
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• 2014

In this paper, we conceive a context-aware recommendations system for water distribution in future smart water grids, with taking the end users' profiles, water types, network conditions into account. A spectral clustering approach is developed to cluster end users into different communities, based on the end users' common interests in water resources. A back-propagation (BP) neural network is designed to obtain the rating list of the end users' preferences on water resources and the water resource with the highest prediction rating is recommended to the end users. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme achieves the improved accuracy of recommendation within 2.5% errors notably together with a better user experience in contrast to traditional recommendations approaches.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.29-36
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the effect of macroeconomic and non-macroeconomic determinants of capital flight. Research design, data and methodology: With five determinants, this survey was conducted by Eviews 10, and the ordinary least squares (OLS) as a statistical method was applied for examining the research hypothesis. The five determinants are a budget deficit, economic growth, inflation rate, the exchange rate, and sovereign rating. The capital flight measurement uses the World Bank residual approach. The data derive from the Central Bank of Indonesia, BPS-Statistics Indonesia, OECD, and Moody's Investor Service. Results: The result considers that economic growth, the exchange rate, and the sovereign rating will decrease capital flight. In addition, the budget deficit and the inflation rate will increase capital flight. The sovereign rating decreases capital flight bigger than the other determinants. In addition, the exchange rate is statistically significant. Conclusions: The most influential problem of capital flight in Indonesia is because of non-macroeconomics factor political issue, corruption, bad regulation, and others. That's why the investment climate in Indonesia is still not secure. We propose that the regime would have to amend the business rule for reducing capital, raising the investment climate, and demonstrating the creative industry.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.47-74
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• 2008

Following two pioneering works, Medoff and Abraham(QJE 1980; JHR 1981) and Flabbi and Ichino(LE 2001) which use performance rating of personnel data as individual worker's productivity, this study replicates their analysis using a Korean large firm's personnel data(2000, male white collar workers). According to their methods through Mincerian earnings function, and multinomial logit model that links the distribution of wages and performance ratings, we find that seniority wages appeare continuously even if individual worker's productivity is controlled. Therefore we conclude that incentive or deferred compensation theory is more suitable than human capital theory.