• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.261-265
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• 2000

공해 문제를 유발하고 있는 Pentachlorophenol(PCP)와 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetate(2,4-D)와 같은 난분해성의 염소계 방향족 화합물들을 폭 넓고 빨리 분해할 수 있는 우수 균주를 개발하기 위한 기초 연구로서, 대전, 청주, 전주 근교 지역에서 채취한 토양 표품으로부터 100균주의 세균을 분리하였다. 그 중 PCP를 단일 탄소와 에너지원으로 하는 고체 최소 배지에서 잘 자라는 균주 19균주를 선별하였다. 이들 균주를 동정한 결과 Pseudomonas속이 15균주, Acinetobacter속이 1균주, 3균주는 미동정되어 Pseudomonas속이 대부분을 차지하였다. 분해능이 비교적 좋은 것으로 알려진 Alcaligenes의 세균은 발견되지 않았다. Pseudomonas속으로 밝혀진 MU135, MU139, MU163과 MU184 네가지 염소계 화합물들(PCP, 2,4,-D, MCPA 그리고 3CB)을 모두 분해하는 것으로 나타났다. 최소 액체배지에서 배양한 경우 Pseudomonas sp. MU139 균주가 접종 72시간 후에 가장 높은 분해도를 나타내었고, Pseudomonas sp. Mu147, MU177, MU184 그리고 MU192는 그 다음으로 높은 분해도를 나타냈다. 실험결과 선별된 19 균주 중 Pseudomonas sp. Mu139와 Pseudomonas sp. MU184는 염소계 방향족 화합물에 대한 넓은 분해능을 갖고 있으며, 특히 PCP에 대한 높은 분해도를 나타내는 것으로 조사되어 우수 균주 개발의 좋은 재료로 이용될 수 있을 것으로 보인다.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.91-100
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• 2012

구조물 안정성 평가를 위한 무선 모니터링 시스템의 경우 신뢰성을 확보할 수 있는 측정거리에 한계가 존재한다. 본 연구의 목적은 무선 모니터링 시스템에서 측정거리의 변화가 계측된 데이터의 미치는 영향을 파악하는 것이다. 이를 위해 데이터로거와 수신기 사이는 블루투스 규격을, 수신기와 화면출력장치 사이는 와이파이 규격을 이용하여 무선 모니터링 시스템을 구축하였다. 모노파일 구조물의 하중응답을 모사하기 위하여 나일론 재질로 모형 모노파일을 제작하였으며, 해머 타격장치를 이용하여 하중재하를 실시하였다. 모형 모노파일에 설치된 전기저항식 변형률계를 데이터로거에 연결하여 모니터링을 수행하였다. 데이터로거와 수신기 사이의 거리 그리고 수신기와 화면출력장치 사이의 거리를 변화시켜 거리에 따른 측정값을 비교하였다. 실험결과, 블루투스 규격과 와이파이 규격 모두 유효범위 내에서는 측정거리의 증가에 따라 데이터 수신율이 거의 일정하였으나, 유효범위를 넘어서는 데이터의 수신율이 급격히 감소하는 경향이 관찰되었다. 또한, 데이터의 수신율은 모노파일의 고유주파수 분석에도 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서 수행한 무선 모니터링 시스템의 유효범위 평가는 해상에 설치되는 모노파일과 같은 구조물의 안정성 평가를 위한 무선 모니터링 시스템 구성시 측정거리의 결정에 기초적 자료로 활용될 수 있음을 보여준다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.301-307
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• 2019

The $11{\alpha}$-hydroxylation of $16{\alpha}$, 17-epoxyprogesterone (EP) catalyzed by Rhizopus nigricans is crucial for the steroid industry. However, lower conversion rate of the biohydroxylation restricts its potential industrial application. The $11{\alpha}$-steroid hydroxylase CYP509C12 from R. oryzae were reported to play a crucial role in the $11{\alpha}$-hydroxylation in recombinant fission yeast. In the present study, the CYP509C12 of R. oryzae (RoCYP) was introduced into R. nigricans using the liposome-mediated mycelial transformation. Heterologous expression of RoCYP resulted in increased fungal growth and improved intracellular reactive oxygen species content in R. nigricans. The $H_2O_2$ levels in RoCYP transformants were approximately 2-folder that of the R. nigricans wild type (RnWT) strain, with the superoxide dismutase activities increased approximately 45% and catalase activities decreased approximately 68%. Furthermore, the $11{\alpha}$-hydroxylation rates of EP in RoCYP transformants (C4, C6 and C9) were 39.7%, 38.3% and 38.7%, which were 12.1%, 8.2% and 9.4% higher than the rate of the RnWT strain, respectively. This paper investigated the effect of heterologous expression of RoCYP in R. nigricans, providing an effective genetic method to construct the engineered strains for steroid industry.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.305-313
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• 1991

In order to investigate industrial fatigue due to visual display terminal (VDT) work of banking operations the questionnaire survey for subjective symptoms of fatigue was carried out on 470 bank clerks who had been engaged in VDT work for various length of work hours. The questionnaires comprised three groups of 10 items each, representing dullness and sleepiness (level of cerebral activation), difficulty in concentration (level of motivation) and bodily projection of fatigue. The results were as follows : 1. Of the 30 items of questionnaires, the highest percentage was accounted for by 'eye strain' (51.5% ), followed by 'feel stiffness in the neck or the shoulders'(33.4%), 'feel a pain in the low back'(26.8%), 'whole body feels tired'(19.6%) and 'feel headache'(17.9%) in the order of sequence. 2. The average weighted score for the first group of questionnaire items (dullness and sleepiness) was the largest among three groups and was followed by 'the third cup (bodily projection of fatigue) and the second item group (difficulty in concentration) in the order of sequence, suggesting the heavier mental stress of VDT work in banking operations rather than physical burden. 3. In terms of the age and sex of workers, work duration and VDT work percentage, the difference in average weighted score was noted only between sex, the score of female being larger than that of male. 4. The complaint rates of subjective symptoms showed close associations with the subjective optimums of room temperature, ventilation, illumination and noise level. 5. The significant correlation was showed between age, work duration and item of 'whole body feels tired', between VDT work percentage and items of 'eye strain' and 'feel stiffness in the neck or shoulders' and between all items of subjective symptoms.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.229-236
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• 2011

An efficient screening method was developed for rapid selection of a few overproducers of itaconic acid (IA) among the great many mutants derived from mother strains of Aspergillus terreus. For this purpose, an attempt was made to reveal the relationships of the growth rate and sporulation of each mutant on PDA solid medium with its IA productivity in the final liquid production-culture. As a result, it was possible to classify the mutated strains into 5 groups (from [A] to [E] group) according to theirmorphologies (i.e., growth rate and sporulation extent) on the PDA slants. Notably, most of the high-yielding mutants of IA were observed to belong to [A]group which had the properties of the highest growth rate and sporulation among the 5 groups, whereas the mutant groups of [C], [D] and [E] with the contrasting morphological features showed significant reductions in their IA productivities. From these results, it was concluded that the probability of selecting IA overproducing mutants could be remarkably enhanced when the mutated colonies showing faster growth rates are firstly selected on the PDA plate, and then further screening process is performed on the basis of the sporulation extents of the mutants selected. Consequently, through the application of the strategy developed in this study, costs and time involvedin the labor-intensive task of strain improvement could be reduced to a great extent, because the time-consuming liquid culture processes did not need to performed for the unfavorable mutants belonging to the groups other than group [A].

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.498-508
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• 2019

Bacillus species were isolated from iru, a traditional fermented condiment in Nigeria. Polyphasic approach was used to evaluate the phylogenetic relationship and strain sub-type of the isolated species. Additionally, the phylogenetic profiles of the species isolated from iru were compared with those of bacilli isolated from different continents. The phylogenetic diversity analysis was performed using the combination of 16S rRNA gene sequencing, ITS-PCR, ITS-PCR-RFLP, and M13 RAPD-PCR. The analysis revealed that Bacillus subtilis U170B and B. subtilis U146A isolated from iru were the closest relatives of strains belonging to the phylogeny of B. subtilis sensu stricto and were related to other bacilli isolated from different continents that had functional benefits. The two isolated species exhibited resistance to acidic pH (pH 2.0). The survival rates of B. subtilis U170B, B. subtilis U146A, and B. clausii UBBC-07 (commercial probiotic strain) cultured at pH 2.0 for 3 h were 33.45, 12.44, and 9.53%, respectively. The strains were highly tolerant to bile salts [0.3% (w/v)]. B. subtilis U170B exhibited the highest cell viability (43.45%) when cultured for 3 h in the presence of bile salts, followed by B. subtilis U146A (25%) and B. clausii UBBC-07 (18.94%). B. subtilis U170B and B. subtilis U146A did not exhibit haemolytic activity and were susceptible to different antibiotics. Additionally, these two strains exhibited weak antagonistic activity against B. cereus. The diverse wild strains of B. subtilis can be used as a safe multifunctional starter culture for the industrial production of condiments with health benefits.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.396-400
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• 2011

We examined the in vitro mutagenic and antimutagenic effects of hexane-extracted hemp (Cannabis sativa L. subsp. sativa var. sativa) seed oil (HO) with and without S9-mediated metabolic activation, using the TA98 and TA100 Salmonella Typhimurium strains. The MTT assay revealed no cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells for HO quantities $\leq400g$/mL. In the mutagenicity test, revertant colonies did not exceed spontaneous colonies in number. Colony numbers did not increase in either strain after HO treatment, with or without metabolic activation. HO showed no mutagenic effects and did not induce a mutation in either strain. In the antimutagenicity test, HO reduced the number of mutated colonies induced by 4NQO in both strains. The inhibition rates of HO (TA98, 21-91%; TA100, 21-85%) indicated a potent reduction in mutagenicity induced by 4NQO. HO showed no significant mutagenicity and may have antimutagenic effects, as assessed by Ames testing.

• 한국해안해양공학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.286-294
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• 2002

본 연구에서는 응력이력과 시간이력이 과압밀 상태에서의 간극수압계수, A(Skempton, 1954)에 미치는 영향에 관하여 실험적으로 규명하였다. 응력경로 회전각, 과압밀비 및 접근길이로 정의되는 응력이력과 재하속도 이력 그리고 정지기간으로 정의되는 시간이력에 따른 간극수압계수(A)의 값과 변화 양상을 보았다. 응력경로 회전각에 따른 간극수압계수(A)는 그 값과 변화 경향에서 상이하게 나타났고, A의 값에 있어서는 과압밀비 의존성을 보였지만, 변화 양상에서는 의존성을 찾아 볼 수 없었다. 접근길이에 따른 간극수압계수(A)는 초기 미소 변형률 구간을 제외하고는 큰 영향을 받지 않았다. 또한, A의 값은 재하속도 이력에 영향을 받았지만, 변화 경향은 모두 동일하게 나타났다. 마지막으로 정지기간에 따른 과압밀점토의 간극수압계수, A는 정지기간의 유무에 따라 변화 경향과 값이 큰 차이를 보이다가 일정 축차응력 또는 변형률을 넘어서면 거의 유사한 값을 나타내었다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제59권1호
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• pp.37-57
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• 2016

Reservoir geomechanics can play an important role in hydrocarbon recovery mechanism. In $CO_2$-EOR process, reservoir geomechanics analysis is concerned with the simultaneous study of fluid flow and the mechanical response of the reservoir under $CO_2$ injection. Accurate prediction of geomechanical effects during $CO_2$ injection will assist in modeling the Carbon dioxide recovery process and making a better design of process and production equipment. This paper deals with the implementation of a program (FORTRAN 90 interface code), which was developed to couple conventional reservoir (ECLIPSE) and geomechanical (ABAQUS) simulators, using a partial coupling algorithm. A geomechanics reservoir partially coupled approach is presented that allows to iteratively take the impact of geomechanics into account in the fluid flow calculations and therefore performs a better prediction of the process. The proposed approach is illustrated on a realistic field case. The reservoir geomechanics coupled models show that in the case of lower maximum bottom hole injection pressure, the cumulative oil production is more than other scenarios. Moreover at the high injection pressures, the production rates will not change with the injection bottom hole pressure variations. Also the FEM analysis of the reservoir showed that at $CO_2$ injection pressure of 11000 Psi the plastic strain has been occurred in the some parts of the reservoir and the related stress path show a critical behavior.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.183-190
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• 2010

Biogenic Mn oxides are expected to have great potential in the control of water pollution due to their high catalytic activity, although information on biological Mn oxidation is not currently sufficient. In this study, the growth of a Mn oxidizing microorganism, Pseudomonas putida MnB1, was examined, with the Mn oxides formed by this strain characterized. The growth of P. putida MnB1 was not significantly influenced by Mn(II), but showed a slightly decreased growth rate in the presence of Pb(II) and EE2, indicating their insignificant adsorption onto the cell surface. Mn oxides were formed by P. putida MnB1, but the liquid growth medium and resulting biogenic solids were poorly crystalline, nano-sized particles. Biogenic Mn oxidation by P. putida MnB1 followed Michaelis-Menten kinetics, with stoichiometric amounts of Mn oxides formed, which corresponded with the initial Mn(II) concentration. However, the formation of Mn oxides was inhibited at high initial Mn(II) concentration, suggesting mass transfer obstruction of Mn(II) due to the accumulation of Mn oxides on the extracellular layer. Mn oxidation by P. putida MnB1 was very sensitive to pH and temperature, showing sharp decreases in the Mn oxidation rates outside of the optimum ranges, i.e. pH 7.43-8.22 and around 20-$26^{\circ}C$.