• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.251-269
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• 1994

In this paper we extend Kim and Pollard's cube root asymptotics to other rates of convergence, to establish an asymptotic theory for a multidimensional mode estimator based on uniform kernel with shrinking bandwidths. We obtain rates of convergence depending on shrinking rates of bandwidth and non-normal limit distributions. Optimal decreasing rates of bandwidth are discussed.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.1-16
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• 1973

Some effects of dietary conditions on the metabolism of nucleic acid and protein in organs of the Albino Rats have been studied. The young rats to be examined were fed on the control diet and the diets deprived of one component among protein, carbohydrate, and lipid, such as protein free diet (PF: 432 kcal/100g) carbohydrate free diet (CF: 432kcal/100g), and lipid free diet (LF: 392kcal/100g) for three, seven, and fifteen days, respectively. The contents of DNA and RNA in the liver and the brain, and also those of protein-nitrogen(PN) and nonprotein-nitrogen (NPN) in the live, the brain, and the serum have been measured. The results are as followe: 1. The contents of DNA per gram of liver were increased by feeding on protein free diet. It is concluded that the critical factor for the result is not the increase in the rates of DNA syntheses, but the decrease in the turnover rates of DNA. 2. The metabolism of DNA in the liver showed the normal status by feeding on carbohydrate free diet. On the other hand, the rates of DNA syntheses were increased by feeding on lipid free diet. 3. The rates of DNA syntheses in the brain were decreased by feeding on the unbalanced diet, such as protein free, carbohydrete free, and lipid free diet. 4. In the liver and the brain, the rates of DNA syntheses were decreased by feeding on protein free diet. But the rates showed the normal status by feeding on the carbohydrate free diet, and also showed the similar metabolism to that in the case of the control group by feeding on lipid free diet. 5. In the liver, the rates of protein syntheses were decreased, whereas the contents of nonprotein-nitrogen were increased by feeding on protein free diet. 6. In the liver and the brain, the protein syntheses showed the more increasing rates than the rates in the case of the control diet by feeding on lipid free diet. 7. In the serum, the contents of protein did not change in a short period, also the insufficient feeling on protein was examined. It is clear that in the liver the rates of protein syntheses are decreased and the rates of protein catabolism are increased, since the rates of nucleic acid syntheses are decreased by feeding on the protein free diet. On the other hand, it is considered that in the brain the turnover rates of protein does not have correlation with the rates of nucleic acid syntheses, also these are decreased by feeding on protein free diet. And also it is believed that the phenomena of homeostasis for carrying the normal metabolism of nucleic acid and protein in the liver and the brain are operated in a short period as possible, by feeding on carbohydrate free and lipid free diets.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.5681-5685
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• 2012

Three kinds of survival rates are generally used depending on the purpose of the investigation: overall, cause-specific, and relative. The differences among these 3 survival rates are derived from their respective formulas; however, reports based on actual cancer registry data are few because of incomplete information and short follow-up duration recorded on cancer registration. The aim of this study was to numerically and visually compare these 3 survival rates on the basis of data from the Nagasaki Prefecture Cancer Registry. Subjects were patients diagnosed with cancer and registered in the registry between 1999 and 2003. We calculated the proportion of cause of death and 5-year survival rates. For lung, liver, or advanced stage cancers, the proportions of cancer-related death were high and the differences in survival rates were small. For prostate or early stage cancers, the proportions of death from other causes were high and the differences in survival rates were large. We concluded that the differences among the 3 survival rates increased when the proportion of death from other causes increased.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.55-62
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• 1997

The waste rates of 98 food items after pre-preparation were surveyed to provide database for good menu planning. The waste rates turned out 0-64.27% in vegetables, 6.38-7.03% in potatoes, 6.25-68.75% in fishes and shellfishes, 16.61% in eggs, and 16.00-56.84% in fruits. Foods with high waste rates were vegetables, fishes and shellfishes. Survey results were compared with other food composition tables. Foods with 30% higher waste rate than other food composition tables were squash leaf, pacific ocean perch, sweet potato stalk, water cress, green peas, alaska pollack, bluefin tuna, beka squid, crown daisy, dodok, amaranth, beef ribs. Food which waste rates turned out to be decreased by about 30% in this study were corb shell, pomfret, sea mussel, warty sea squirt. For the menu planning, reasonaly exact waste rates for each food items are essential. Since survey results show significant deviations, there should be more studies for exact waste rates for each food.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.301-308
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• 1997

The learning speed of the neural networks, the most important factor in applying to real problems, greatly depends on the learning rate of the networks, Three approaches-empirical, deterministic, and stochastic ones-have been proposed to date. We proposed a new learning-rate selection algorithm using an evolutionary programming search scheme. Even though the performance of our method showed better than those of the other methods, it was found that taking much time for selecting evolutionary learning rates made the performance of our method degrade. This was caused by using static intervals (called static windows) in order to update learning rates. Out algorithm with static windows updated the learning rates showed good performance or didn't update the learning rates even though previously updated learning rates shoved bad performance. This paper introduce a window control scheme to avoid such problems. With the window control scheme, our algorithm try to update the learning ra es only when the learning performance is continuously bad during a specified interval. If previously selected learning rates show good performance, new algorithm will not update the learning rates. This diminish the updating time of learning rates greatly. As a result, our algorithm with the window control scheme show better performance than that with static windows. In this paper, we will describe the previous and new algorithm and experimental results.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.108-114
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• 2014

On a large scale of data center, heat generation rates from sever computers occupy almost the entire cooling load of the building, and it is gradually increasing. The efficiency of air distribution system in data centers can be affected by heat generation rates of server computers. In this study, the distributions of airflow and temperature in a data center have been investigated by CFD simulations under various conditions of heat generation rates for server computers. From the results, air around the cold aisle which has high temperature flows tremendously into the cold aisle according to the increase of heat generation rates for server computers and the air temperature in the cold aisle becomes higher. The SHI (supply heat index) and RHI (return temperature index) show almost similar values to the cases study because the air inflow rates to server computers increase with the heat generation rates of server computers.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.3410-3419
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• 1974

The purpose of this study is to find out the correlation between pumping rates and influential factors in the tube wells for irrigation through the analysis of various statistical data of the existing tube wells for irrigation and pumping tests. Statistical data of the existing tube wells for irrigation were collected from the authorities concerned, and pumping tests were carried out for twelve tube wells. The results of this study are summarized as follows: 1. The drilled tube wells are the most useful among various tube wells in securing pumping rates. 2. The enlargement of well diameter or the improvement of pumping equipments is necessary in drilled tube wells with pumping rates more than 806 ㎥/day, and the adjustment of foot valves or the special control of pumping equipments is necessary in tube wells with pumping rates less than 300 ㎥/day. 3. The choking of aquifer and slits can be prevented by removing earth and sand piled in tube wells. 4. The increase of well loss and the destruction of aquifer can be prevented by determining the optimum pumping rates through the step draw down tests. 5. The thickness of gravel packing is rather thin in drilled tube tube wells. 6. High pamping rates can be gained by deepening the depth of tube wells in the place the ground water storage is abundant, the thickness of aquifer is thick. and the depth of tube wells is deep. 7. Higher pumping rates can be obtained by constructing tube wells in the place where the drawdown is little and the coefficient of transmissibility is large.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.281-285
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• 1997

The study was conducted to investigate on in vitro developmental rates of bisected bovine embryos co-culture in 10% FCS＋TCM-199 media containing hormones, oviductal epithelial cells and cumulus cells 0 to 7 days after bisection. In vitro developmental rates was defined as development rates on in vitro culture or FDA-test. The results are summarized as follows : 1. In vitro developmental rates of bisected bovine embryos co-cultured in 10% FCS＋TCM-199 media containing PMSG＋hCG, PMSG＋$\beta$-estradiol, hCG＋$\beta$-estradiol, PMSG, hCG 0 to 3 days and 4 to 7 days were 16.7~30.0% and 11.1~25.0%, respectively. In vitro developmental rates of bisected embryos co-cultured in 10% FCS＋TCM-199 media containing hormones significantly higher than that of non co-culture. 2. In vitro developmental rates of bisected bovine embryos co-cultured 10% FCS＋TCM-199 media containing oviductal epithelial cells 0 to 3 days and 4 to 7 days were 25.0% and 22.2%, respectively.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.10
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• pp.591-599
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• 2020

This study examines how the health of the banks in ASEAN-3 countries namely Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand respond to the change in exchange rates and foreign interest rates in four large economies. The transmissions of the two external factors through domestic factors in each ASEAN-3 countries eventually affects Non-Performing Loan (NPL) of commercial banks. This study uses the monthly time series data and the renowned Structural Vector Autoregressive (VAR) model comprising five variables, namely exchange rate, foreign interest rate, domestic interest rate, money supply, and non-performing loan (NPL). The results indicate that there are different effects between ASEAN-3 countries, which can be classified as short-run effect and long-run effect. In the long run effect, external factors have a dominant role in determining NPL in ASEAN-3 countries. Yuan has the biggest effect on Malaysia's NPL, while Indonesia is more affected by European interest rates rather than the fluctuation of the US currency and China's interest rates. Among ASEAN-3 countries, Malaysia is the one that is the most vulnerable to external factors. While Thailand's NPL is affected dominantly by domestic factors. This study shows that the Fed Funds Rate (US official interest rate) is not always the dominant factor affecting the health of domestic banks in ASEAN-3.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.18 no.36
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• pp.349-363
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• 1995

The purpose of the study was to estimate and analyze the rates of return to educational investment. The study was designed to estimate the social and private rates of return to educational investment by school level and sex in order to measure education's economic value with a viewpoint of human capital theory. The produced result of this study are as follows. The social rates of return to education turned out to be male high school 7.94%, male junior college 3.74%, male university 8.50% female high school 4.30%, female junior college 10.11%, female university 6.92%. The private rates of return to education turned out to be male high school 8.41%, male junior college 3.39%, male university 8.38%, female high school 7.90%, female junior college 10.34%, female university 7.33%, In order to measure economic value of educational investment, rates of return to education were compared with those to physical capital investment. Social rates of return to education turned out to be profitable for female junior college, while for private rates of return to education turned out to be profitable in all school levels except for male junior college.