• 제목/요약/키워드: Rate of Adjustment

검색결과 582건 처리시간 0.032초

The Discriminant Analysis of Blood Pressure - Including the Risk Factors - (혈압 판별 분석 -위험요인을 중심으로-)

  • 오현수;서화숙
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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    • 제28권2호
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    • pp.256-269
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    • 1998
  • The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of variables which were known to be related to blood pressure for discriminating between hypertensive and normotensive groups. Variables were obesity, serum lipids, life style-related variables such as smoking, alcohol, exercise, and stress, and demographic variables such as age, economical status, and education. The data were collected from 400 male clients who visited one university hospital located in Incheon, Republic of Korea, from May 1996 to December 1996 for a regular physical examination. Variables which showed significance for discriminating systolic blood pressure in this study were age, serum lipids, education, HDL, exercise, total cholesterol, body fat percent, alcohol, stress, and smoking(in order of significance). By using the combination of these variables, the possibility of proper prediction for a high-systolic pressure group was 2%, predicting a normal-systolic pressure group was 70.3%, and total Hit Ratio was 70%. Variables which showed significance for discriminating diastolic blood pressure were exercise, triglyceride, alcohol, smoking, economical status, age, and BMI (in order of significance). By using the combination of these variables, the possibility of proper prediction for a high-diastolic pressure group was 71.2%, predicting a normal-diastolic pressure group was 71.3%, and total Hit Ratio was 71.3%. Multiple regression analysis was performed to examine the association of systolic blood pressure with life style-related variables after adjustment for obesity, serum lipids, and demographic variables. First, the effect of demographic variable alone on the systolic blood pressure was statistically significant (p=.000) and adjusted $R^2$was 0.09. Adding the variable obesity on demographic variables resulted in raising adjusted $R^2$to 0.11 (p=.000) : therefore, the contribution rate of obesity on the systolic blood pressure was 2.0%. On the next step, adding the variable serum lipids on the obesity and demographic variables resulted in raising adjusted R2 to 0.12(P=.000) : therefore, the contribution rate of serum lipid on the systolic pressure was 1.0%. Finally, adding life style-related variables on all other variables resulted in raising the adjusted $R^2$to 0.18(p=.000) ; therefore, the contribution rate of life style-related variables on the systolic blood pressure after adjustment for obesity, serum lipids, and demographic variables was 6.0%. Multiple regression analysis was also performed to examine the association of diastolic blood pressure with life style-related variables after adjustment for obesity, serum lipids, and demographic variables. First, the effect of demographic variable alone on the diastolic blood pressure was statistically significant (p=.01) and adjusted $R^2$was 0.03. Adding the variable obesity on demographic variables resulted in raising adjusted $R^2$to 0.06 (p=.000) ; therefore, the contribution rate of obesity on the diastolic blood pressure was 3.0%. On the next step, adding the variable serum lipids on the obesity and demographic variables resulted in raising the adjusted $R^2$ to 0.09(p=.000) ; therefore, the contribution rate of serum lipid on the diastolic pressure was 3.0%. Finally, adding life style-related variables on all other variables resulted in raising the adjusted $R^2$ to 0.12 (p=.000) : therefore, the contribution rate of life style-related variables on the systolic blood pressure after adjustment for obesity, serum lipids, and demographic variables was 3.0%.

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Severity-Adjusted Mortality Rates of Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery Using MedisGroups (MedisGroups를 이용한 관상동맥우회술의 중증도 보정사망률에 관한 연구)

  • Kwon, Young-Dae
    • Quality Improvement in Health Care
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    • 제7권2호
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    • pp.218-228
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    • 2000
  • Background : Among 'structure', 'process' and 'outcome' approaches, outcome evaluation is considered as the most direct and best approach to assess the quality of health care providers. Risk-adjustment is an essential method to compare outcome across providers. This study has aims to judge performance of hospitals by severity adjusted mortality rates of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Methods : Medical records of 584 patients who got the CABG surgery in 6 general hospitals during 1996 and 1997 were reviewed by trained nurses. The MedisGroups was used to quantify severity of patients. The predictive probability of death was calculated for each patient in the sample from a multivariate logistic regression model including the severity score, age and sex. For evaluation of hospital performance, we calculated ratio of observed number to expected number of deaths and z score [(observed number of deaths - expected number of deaths)/square root of the variance in the number of deaths], and compared observed mortality rate with confidence interval of adjusted mortality rate for each hospital. Results : The overall in-hospital mortality was 7.0%, ranged from 2.7% to 15.7% by hospital. After severity adjustment the mortality by hospital was from 2.7% to 10.7%. One hospital with poor performance was distinctly divided from others with good performance. Conclusion : In conclusion, severity-adjusted mortality rate of CABG surgery might be applied as an indicator for hospital performance evaluation in Korea. But more pilot studies and improvement of methodologies has to be done to use it as quality indicator.

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Capacity and Saturation Flow Rate of Permissive Left-Turn Lane: in case for the Exclusive Use of Permissive Left-Turn Movements (비보호(非保護) 좌회전(左回轉)의 간격수락(間隔受諾)과 용량(容量) 및 보정계수(補整係數)에 관한 연구)

  • Do, Cheol Ung
    • KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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    • 제14권6호
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    • pp.1273-1279
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    • 1994
  • There are 3 cases that only permissive left-turn(PLT) vehicles use the possible lane for PLT. In these cases, left turn and through movements can not be included in the same lane group, hence saturation flow rate and left turn adjustment factor of PLT are obtained separately from through movement. In capacity analysis procedures at signalized intersection with PLT phasing, PLT capacity should be known to discriminate among 3 cases stated above. The capacity is directly used not only to get saturation flow rate and left turn adjustment factor, but as a threshold for the feasibility of PLT control. This study calculated through field data the critical gap and minimum headway of left turn which affect the PLT capacity. The capacity was obtained by using theoretical models, which consequently could be used to calculate the saturation flow rate and left turn adjustment factor.

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Development of automation system for relay on/off voltage adjustment using neural network (신경 회로망을 이용한 Relay 작동전압 조정 자동화 시스템 개발)

  • 국금환;최동엽
    • 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 제어로봇시스템학회 1992년도 한국자동제어학술회의논문집(국내학술편); KOEX, Seoul; 19-21 Oct. 1992
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    • pp.43-48
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    • 1992
  • The automation system oriented as one of the second year automation projects for the small and medium sized enterprises(SME) was developed for the improvement of the production rate and cut the required manpower in the field of the relay which is one of the small electric components used in various industrial fields. The objectives of this study are not only improving the international competition of the relay itself but also partially solving the technical and financial problems featured by common bottlenecks of the SME for efficient assembly automation. For the purpose of these objectives, several topics are studied as followings. - Analyzing the adjustment process and determining the specification of the automation system. - Determining the layout for the automation system to meet the determined specification. - Detail design of the automation system for relay adjustment and inspection. - Control system design - Automation system development and performance test.

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Development of a Variable Rate Granule Applicator for Environment-Friendly Precision Agriculture (IV) - Evaluation of Application Performance and Adjustment Method of Blow Head According to Discharging Rate - (친환경 정밀농업을 위한 입제 변량살포기 개발(IV) - 살포성능 평가와 살포율에 따른 분두 조절 방법 -)

  • Kim, Young-Joo;Rhee, Joong-Yong
    • Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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    • 제32권6호
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    • pp.383-388
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    • 2007
  • In precision farming, proper calibration and operation of a variable rate machine are critical to reduce input of agrochemicals and to ensure productivity and quality of agricultural products. As an effort to introduce precision farming to rice production in Korea, a pneumatic granular applicator was developed. This investigation intended to evaluate the application performance such as application accuracy, application uniformity and to suggest how to adjust the blow-heads to get uniform application pattern, and to suggest a practical way of adjustment of the blow-heads for uniform application. Tests to evaluate the application performance were conducted. The application uniformities (CV) in both transverse direction and longitudinal direction were less than 15% and application accuracy was greater than 81%. A simple method for adjusting the inserting length of blow-heads was suggested.

Comparative Water Relations of Two Vitis vinifera Cultivars, Riesling and Chardonnay

  • Park, Yong-Mok
    • The Korean Journal of Ecology
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    • 제24권4호
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    • pp.223-226
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    • 2001
  • The leaf water relations and photosynthetic rate during acute soil drying were compared in potgrown grapevine cultivars, Vitis vinifera cv. Chardonnay and V. vinifera cv. Riesling. Leaf water potential in Riesling decreased significantly from day 2 after water had been withheld, while in Chardonnay leaf water potential for the water-stressed plants was almost identical with that in well watered plants during the first 4 days. Higher stomatal conductance and photosynthetic rate in Chardonnay than Riesling were observed until day 3 after withholding water. Photosynthetic rate in water-stressed Chardonnay was not different from that in control plants until day 3 after withholding water, while that in water-stressed Riesling was reduced markedly from day 2. In Riesling, osmotic potential at turgor loss point was not changed irrespective of watering conditions. However, in Chardonnay osmotic potential at turgor loss point decreased more in the water stressed conditions than in well watered conditions. The osmotic adjustment in Chardonnay under water stress conditions must contribute to the maintenance of higher stomatal conductance and photosynthetic rate than those in Riesling for a significant period of the drying process. Though difference in stomatal conductance between the two cultivars was shown in the process of soil drying, stomatal conductance of both cultivars responded to vapor pressure difference between leaf and ambient air, rather than soil water status and leaf water potential.

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A study on the difficulty adjustment of programming language multiple-choice problems using machine learning (머신러닝을 활용한 프로그래밍언어 객관식 문제의 난이도 조정에 대한 연구)

  • Kim, EunJung
    • Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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    • 제27권2호
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    • pp.11-24
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    • 2022
  • For the questions asked for LMS-based online evaluation the professor directly set exam questions, or use the automatic question-taking method according to the level of difficulty using the question bank divided by category. Among them, it is important to manage the difficulty of questions in an objective and efficient way, above all, in the automatic question-taking method according to difficulty. Because the questions presented to the evaluators may be different. In this paper, we propose an difficulty re-adjustment algorithm that considers not only the correct rate of a problem but also the time taken to solve the problem. For this, a logistic regression classification algorithm was used of machine learning, and a reference threshold was set based on the predicted probability value of the learning model and used to readjust the difficulty of each item. As a result, it was confirmed that there were many changes in the difficulty of each item that depended only on the existing correct rate. Also, as a result of performing group evaluation using the adjustment difficulty problem, it was confirmed that the average score improved in most groups compared to the difficulty problem based on the percentage of correct answers.

Studies on the Leaf Photosynthesis of Salt-Stressed Rice Cultivars (염류처리에 따른 벼의 개엽광합성에 관한 연구)

  • 조동하
    • Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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    • 제7권1호
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    • pp.97-101
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    • 1994
  • The effects of NaCl salinity on the leaf photosynthesis and water relation of two cultivars of rice(Oryza sativa L.) , the salt-tolerant cultivar Seohae and the salt-senstive cultivar Iri-380 were exam-ined. Two cultivars of rice were grown for 14 days in nutrient solution at SOmM NaCl. Comparing theieaf Na content of two cultlvars, Seohae showed high accumulation of Na content in the leaf blade, while Iri-380 showed low. The Na content in leaf blade reduced the rate of leaf photosynthesis. Salt-tolerant cultivar Seohae was less decreased the rate of leaf photosynthesis than salt- sensitive cultivarIri-380. And Seohae showed larger decreased the osmotic potential in the leaves than Iri-380. This in-dicates that in the salt-tolerant cultivar, osmotic adjustment is developed under saliniEation.

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Reliability Models for Redundant Systems Using Phase-type Distributions

  • Moon, Sinmyeong;Lie, Changhoon
    • Management Science and Financial Engineering
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    • 제7권2호
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    • pp.73-90
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    • 2001
  • This paper presents the reliability models for redundant systems composed of repairable components whose failure time and repair time distributions are phase-type. It is shown that the distribution of time to system failure is also phase-type. The dependency between components are considered and integrated into the model by the used of the rate adjustment factor. The phase-type representation is constructed for the system through algebraic operations on the parameters of components\` failure time and repair time distributions and the corresponding rate adjustment factors. Types of system structures considered are parallel, k-out-of-N system with load sharing scheme and standby system with operation priority.

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A Study on the Relationship of Middle and High School Students' Internet Addition Level and School Life Adjustment (중.고등학생의 인터넷 중독 수준과 학교생활 적응 간의 관계성 연구)

  • Lee, Mi-Soon;Moon, Jae-Woo;Park, Jae-San
    • Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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    • 제23권1호
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    • pp.41-52
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    • 2010
  • Purpose: The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between middle and high school students' internet addiction, social support, self-efficacy and school life adjustment. Data were collected by self-administered questionnaires at middle and high school students located in Seoul and the metropolitan areas. Methods: The response rate is 94.8% (474 cases). The internet addition was measured by K Scale. The various methods of analysis were used, for example, frequency analysis, t-test, analysis of variance, and multiple regression analysis. Results: First, the mean score of internet addiction level is 2.07 in 5 Likert scale. the internet addiction level of the male students are higher than female students (p<.05). Second, as a result of classification of internet addiction groups by K Scale, 11 students (2.3%) are included in high risk group, 27 students (5.7%) are in potential risk group, 436 students (92.0%) are in general group. Third, the level of social support and self-efficacy of middle and high school students are very high. The difference of social support by internet addiction groups was not statistically significant. But, the difference of self-efficacy by internet addiction groups was statistically significant. The level of self-efficacy of the students in general groups are more higher than in high risk group and in potential risk group (p<.01). Fourth, the difference of school adjustment by internet addiction groups was very statistically significant. The level of school life adjustment of the students in general groups are more higher than in high risk group and in potential risk group (p<.01). Fifth, the internet addiction have a negative correlation with school life adjustment. And the social support and self-efficacy have a positive correlation with school life adjustment (p<.01). Finally, in stepwise multiple regression analysis, the internet addiction affects negatively on the school adjustment. And the support of teacher among three types of them affects positively on the school life adjustment. And the social self-efficacy among two types of them affects positively on the school adjustment (p<.01). Conclusion: to adjust desirably the school environment of the middle and high school students, optimal and efficient management of internet addiction was needed in the future and the improvement and promotion of social support and social self-efficacy of the students was also demanded.