• Applied Microscopy
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.271-277
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• 2006

Mast cells (MCs) are granulated cells that play a pivotal role in allergic reaction and inflammation. The granules of mast cells are known to be rich in zinc (Zn). Male Sprague-Dawley rats were used. We injected $200{\mu}L$ of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) subcutaneously in the dorsal aspect of one hindpaw Finally, zinc selenium autometallography(AMG) was done by Danscher's method. The present study showed the ultrastructures of zinc-containing mast cells found in inflammatory area following an complete freund's adjuvant (CFA) inoculation into the rat hindpaw. At light microscopic level, mast cells were round or oval, at average $12{\mu}m$ in diameter, with many filopodia extending from the cell surface. Because the rather small and spherical nucleus was centrally placed; it was frequently obscured by the cytoplasmic granules, it sometimes could not be seen. Mast cells were distributed chiefly in the vicinity of small blood vessels. In most preparation many mast cells were ruptured and their granules escaped into the surrounding tissue. In electron micrographs, The secretory granules were at average $0.5{\mu}m$ in diameter and were limited by a membrane. The cell surface contained numerous microvilli and folds. Their interior was heterogenous in appearance. The nucleus was surrounded by large numbers of prominent vesicels and a well developed Golgi apparatus, but scant endoplasmic reticulum.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.447-457
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• 1990

In order to observe the distribution of mast cell on the stages of the mammary carcinogenesis, the numerical changes of mast cells in the mammary tumor development in rats treated with DMBA and compound 48/80 have been investigated by the light microscope. The results observed were summarized as follows: The appearance of tumor were not observed during the whole experimental period in the rats of the control group received injection of sterile saline, but tumors appeared in 100% of the animals, the tumor induction time that represented the number of days elapsing between the 3rd DMBA administration until a first tumor became $10{\times}10mm$ in diameter was $42.5{\pm}4.7$ days and the mean number of tumor masses per rat was $3.4{\pm}1.2$ in the DMBA treated group. And the majority of the DMBA-induced mammary neoplasms were appeared cervical mammary gland and thoracic mammary gland. The histological findings of mammary carcinoma were recognized adenocarcinoma in the DMBA treated group. Mast cells were distributed within the adipose tissues and the interglandular connective tissue in the control, but found to be randomly dispersed within the tumor cell masses, in the connective tissues adjacent to the periphery of the tumor, the adipose tissues and the subcutaneous tissues contiguous to the region of tumor development in the DMBA treated group. Numerical alterations of mast cells were observed in the mammary tumors that separated into three major classes of tumors: hyperplasia, atypical hyperplasia and carcinoma. The number of mast cells were distributed in the connective tissues adjacent to the mammary gland was $45.3{\pm}3.4$ cells in the control group, but was $50.2{\pm}4.9$ cells, $126.7{\pm}10.5$ cells and $340.3{\pm}19.2$ cells according to each stages of mammary tumorigenesis in the DMBA treated group.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.319-323
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• 1998

Effects of the aqueous extract of Cryptotympana atrata Fabricius (CAF) on the allergic reactions were investigated. In the present study, we examined the effect of CAF on compound 48/80-induced anaphylaxis in vivo and histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells in vitro. CAF dose-dependently inhibited systemic anaphylaxis induced by compound 48/80 in mice. CAF significantly inhibited serum histamine levels induced by compound 48/80. CAF also inhibited histamine release from the rat peritoneal mast cells activated by compound 48/80. These results suggest that CAF may be useful for the prevention and treatment of allergy related disease.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.89-93
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• 2006

Methanol extracts (80%, $10{\mu}g/mL$) of Actinidia chinensis (AC) and Zizyphus jujube(ZJ) inhibited histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMCs) induced by compound 48/80. Evaluation of AC and ZJ solvent fractions (chloroform, ethylacetate, butanol and water) revealed that the butanol fraction of AC at $5{\mu}g/mL$ and water fraction of ZJ at $1{\mu}g/mL$ exhibited the highest anti-allergic effects. Combination of the butanol fraction of AC and water fraction of ZJ when combined showed higher inhibition of histamine release than either alone. The levels of cAMP in RPMCs treated with AC and ZJ were significantly increased compared to the compound 48/80 treated control. Our findings suggest that the extracts from AC and ZJ may alleviate immediate hypersensitivity reactions through the increase of cAMP in the mast cells.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.108-112
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• 1999

Recombinant murine stem cell factor (rmSCF) or recombinant murine nerve growth factor (rmNGF) induced the morphological change of large numbers of rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMC). We investigated the role of phosphatidylinositol $3^{l}-kinase$ (PI3-kinase) in receptors-mediated morphological change in RPMC. Exposure of RPMC to PI3-kinase inhibitor, wortmannin, before the addition of rmSCF and rmNGF antagonized those factors-induced morphological change. These results suggest that the PI3-kinase is involved in the signal transduction pathway responsible for morphological change following stimulation of rmSCF and rmNGF and that wortmannin blocks these responses.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.194.1-194.1
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• 2003

Phenylpropanoids originating from vegetable kingdom have some biological activity. In this experiments, effect of phenylpropanoids on the histamine release from mast cells were studied in vitro. Rat peritoneal mast cells were isolated by the discontineous gradients of Percoll and their histamine release by stimulation of compound 48/80 and A23187 at a concentration of 6.0 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ were determined. (omitted)

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.224-230
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• 2012

Schizandrin (SZ), was isolated from the fruit of Schizandra chinensis, has been reported to have many biological properties, including anti-inflammatory and antitumor activities. However, its anti-allergic effects are not completely elucidated. We focused on the anti-allergic effects of SZ in PMA/ionomycin (PI)-induced rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-2H3) cells and P815 mast cells. Cytokines (IL-4, IL-13), synthesized by basophils and mast cells, are implicated in pathological conditions such as asthma and allergy. The production of IL-4 and IL-13 was quantified by ELISA and the mRNA expression was detected by using RT-PCR assay. In this study, we found that SZ did not show cytotoxic effect at up to 100 ${\mu}M$ on RBL-2H3 cells and mast cells. In addition, SZ inhibited the production of IL-4 and IL-13 and also decreased the level of mRNA in PI-induced RBL-2H3 cells and mast cells in a dose-dependent manner. Thus, we suggest that SZ may have the effect on preventing allergic disorders by inhibiting IL-4 and IL-13 cytokines.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.287-292
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• 2001

To investigate whether phospholipase $A_2$pathway is involved in histamine release of rat peritoneal mast cells, we measured histamine release in the presence of various enzyme inhibitors involved in eicosanoid pathway, such as phospholipase $A_2$, cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase. Phospholipase $A_2$inhibitors, manoalide and OPC, significantly inhibited histamine release induced by 100 $\mu$M ATP and 1$\mu$g/ml compound 48/80. Cyclooxygenase inhibitors, ibuprofen and indomethacin, significantly inhibited ATP-induced histamine release and lipoxygenase inhibitors, baicalein and caffeic acid, also significantly inhibited. To investigate the involvement of protein kinase in ATP- and compound 48/80-induced histamine release, we observed effects of protein kinase inhibitors on histamine release. Bisindolmaleimide (protein kinase C antagonist) dose-dependently inhibited both ATP and compound 48/80-induced histamine release. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (methyl 2,5-dihydroxy cinnamate and genistein) dose-dependently inhibited ATP and compound 48/80-induced histamine release. Protein kinase C and tyrosine kinase seem to be involved in histamine release induced by ATP and compound 48/80. These results suggest that phospholipase $A_2$pathway as well as protein kinase C and tyrosine kinase are involved in histamine release of rat peritoneal mast cells by ATP and compound 48/80.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.363-368
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• 2006

Twenty-four different natural food materials extracted with 80% methanol were used to investigate the inhibition of cell-mediated immediate type allergic reactions induced by compound 48/80 in rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMCs). Nine 80% methanol extracts screened at a concentration of $10\;{\mu}g/mL$ inhibited histamine release from RPMCs induced by compound 48/80. Of these, two materials (Ulmus parvifolia and Liriope platyphylla Wang et Tang) were extracted and fractionated into four different solvent types (chloroform, ethylacetate, butanol, and water), and the fractions with major anti-allergic effects were assessed. The chloroform fraction of U. parvifolia (UP) at $5\;{\mu}g/mL$ and the ethylacetate fraction of L. platyphylla Wang et Tang (LPWT) at $1\;{\mu}g/mL$ showed the greatest inhibition of histamine release induced by compound 48/80. The chloroform fraction of UP and the ethylacetate fraction of LPWT in combination showed a greater inhibition of histamine release than either fraction alone. The cAMP levels in RPMCs treated with UP and LPWT were significantly greater than in cells treated with compound 48/80 alone. Our studies suggest that extracts from UP and LPWT may alleviate immediate type hypersensitivity reactions through the increase of cAMP levels in the mast cells.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.111-116
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• 2002

This report describes an inhibitory effect of Tongku-tang(TKT) on mast cell-mediated immediate-type allergic reactions. TKT is an Oriental herbal prescription, which has been successfully applied for the treatment of allergic disorders, mainly skin anaphylactic diseases in eastern medicine. TKT has concentration-dependently inhibited the ear swelling response induced by intradermal injection of non-specific mast cell degranulator compound 48/80 in mice. TKT also inhibited mast cell-dependent passive cutaneous anaphylaxis activated by dinitrophenyl (DNP)-IgE antibody in rats. I studied the effect of TKT on the histamine and β-hexosaminase release from the rat peritoneal mast cells by compound 48/80. TKT did not inhibit significantly the histamine and β-hexosaminase release from the rat peritoneal mast cells by compound 48/80. However, TKT inhibited both TNF-α and IL-1β secretion induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and A23187 respectively. These results provide evidence that TKT may be beneficial in the treatment of immediate-type allergic reaction.