• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.58-63
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• 1999

Biodegradable films were prepared by solution blend method in the weight ratio of chitosan for the purpose of useful biomaterials. The possibility of biomaterials prepared from natural polymer as a skin substitute was evaluated by measuring biocompatibility. These films were inserts in the back of rat and their biodegradability was investigated by the film weight and hematology as a function of time for the biotransformation. The result of rat test showed that medium, high viscosity chitosan induced some suspects of inbiocompatibility in the tissue by goreign body reaction 48 and 72 hours after implantation. Also, we prepared the official burn ointment which is made by low viscosity chitosan. This burn ointment was covered on the skin wound of artificial burn and their effect of healing was investigated by the evaluation of the naked eye and hematological change as a function of time. The result of rats test showed that burn ointments made from chitosan was effective reductio of inflammation than negative group.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.113-125
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• 1998

The neurotropic psudorabies virus(PRV) to replicate within neurons is very useful pathogen for neuronal tracing. I carried out this study to investigate the parametric analysis on the viral infection in the rat circadian control center with two genetically engineered strains out of PRV. The two strains are isogenic with the attenuated Bartha strain of PRV ; in one strain a lacZ reporter gene was inserted into the gC locus (PRV-BaBlu ; $4.75\times10^8pfu/ml$) and the other strain contained a PRV envelope glycoprotein gene(PRV-D ; $2.5\times10^8pfu/ml$) theat is absent in PRV-BaBlu. simultaneous or temporally separated sequential injection of$2{\mu}l$ of each strain into the vetreous body of eye produced a course of transsynaptic infection of retinohypothalamic circuitry. The results were as follows; 1. PRV-BaBlu and PRV-D infected the suprachiasmatic nucleus in hypothalamus and intergeniculate leaflet in lateral geniculate nucleus of thalamus. 2. The rate of PRV infection was dependent upon PRV strain. 3. Pre-infected neurons by PRV-D were interfered with the replication of PRV-BaBlu. 4. Dual injection of PRV-D and PRV-BaBlu showed more virulent than the parental strain.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.302-306
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• 2001

The possibility of biomaterials prepared from natural polymer as a skin substitute was evaluated by measuring biocompatibility. Biodegradable films were prepared by solution blend method in the weight ratio of chitosan for the purpose of useful biomaterials. These films were inserted in the back of rat and their biodegradability was investigated by the film weight and hematology as a function of time for the biotransformation. The result of rat test showed that medium, high viscosity chitosan induced some suspects of inbiocompatibililty in the tissue by foreign body reaction 48 and 72 hours after implantation. Also, we prepared the official burn ointment which is made by low viscosity chitosan. This burn ointment was covered on the skin wound of artificial burn and their effect of healing was investigated by the evaluation of the naked eye and hematological change as a function of time. The result of rats test showed that burn ointments made from chitosan was effective reduction of inflammation than negative group.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.364-370
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• 2006

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is high resolution medical imaging system which is obtaining image inside biological objects with non-destructive method. OCT system is based on Michelson interferometer with a reciprocating mirror in the reference arm and a biological object in the sample arm. The obtained OCT image suffers from a granular or mottled image, called speckle. Speckle is caused by random interferences between reflected coherence waves. In this paper, we propose effective speckle reduction method that uses wavelet transform. With wavelet domain image, sub-windowing and thresholding are performed. Finally, speckle reduction experiments for Misgurnus mizolepis skin and rat eye images are shown.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.2459-2463
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• 2005

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is high resolution medical imaging system which is obtaining image inside biological objects with non-destructive method. OCT system is based on Michelson interferometer with a reciprocating mirror in the reference arm and a biological object in the sample arm. The obtained OCT image suffers from a granular or mottled image, called speckle. Speckle is caused by random interferences between reflected coherence waves. In this paper, we propose effective speckle reduction method that uses wavelet transform. With wavelet domain image, sub-windowing and thresholding are performed. Finally, speckle reduction experiments for Misgurnus mizolepis skin and rat eye images are shown.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.39-45
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• 1966

백서(Rattus horvegicus var. albinus) 50 두를 키우며 자성백서의 발정을 질정도말법으로 확인하여 임신케 한후 각 단계별로 80개의 배를 얻었다. 고정액은 Bouin's solution 과 Carnoy's solution II였으며 표본은 5-7$\mu$의 두께로 연속절편을 만들었다. 염색은 Delafield's hematoxylin 과 eosin-Y의 이중염색법과 신경섬유를 관찰하기 위하여 Ramoney Cajal's silver-nitrate method를 사용하였다. 실험결과는 안와가 stage 17에서 나타났고 안포가 stage 18에서 형성되었다. 심안포가 stage 19에서 형성되었고 망막판과 수정체판이 stage 21에서 형성되었으며 체표외배엽과 접촉하고 있는 안포의 부분은 stage 22(A)에서 안배를 형성하기 위해 몰입되었다. state 22 (B)에서 수정체공은 아직 열려 있었고 stage 23(A)에서 색소립이 망막의 색소층에 나타났고 수정체공이 닫혀졌다. 수정체와는 stage 23(B)에서 체표외배엽으로부터 분리되었고 수정체 내벽세포의 신장이 stage23(C)에서 시작되었다. 수정체강은 stage 25에서 수정체섬유에 의해서 인멸되었고 stage 26에서 홍채가 형성되기 시작하였다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.275-284
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• 1997

Unilateral labyrinthectorny (ULX) causes autonomic symptoms, ocular and postural asymmetries, which disappear over tune in the process of equilibrium recovery known as vestibular compensation. In the present study in order to elucidate mechanisms responsible for the effects of electrical stimulation on vestibular compensation and investigate the relationship between vestibular compensation and c-Fos expression in the medial vestibular nuclei following ULX, we measured spontaneous nystagmus, eye movement induced by sinusoidal rotation and c-Fos expression or to 72 hs after ULX in Sprague-Dawley rats. Experimental animals were divided into two groups: ULX group with ULX only, and electrical stimulation (ES) group with electrical stimulation of $-2{\sim}-5V$, 1.0ms, 100 Hz to the lesioned vestibular system for 4 hs/day. Spontaneous nystagmus following ULX disappeared by 72 hs in ULX group and 36 hs in ES group. In eye movement induced by sinusoidal rotation, normal pattern of eye movement by rotation toward the lesioned side was recovered 24 hs after ULX at rotation of 0.1 Hz and 6 hs after at 0.2 Hz, 0.5 Hz in ULX group. In ES group, the eye movement recovered after 12 hs at 0.1 Hz, 6 hs at 0.2 Hz, and 4 hs at 0.5 Hz. Directional Preponderance which represents the symmetry of bilateral vestibular functions showed significantly early recovery in ES group compared with that of ULX group. Expression or c-Fos immunoreactive cells in the bilateral medial vestibular nuclei was severely asymmetrical till 36 hs in ULX group, and then it became a symmetry and disappeared after 72 hs. However, ES group showed the symmetry of c-Fos expression after 6 hs, which was significantly early recovery in 25 group. All these findings suggest that electrical stimulation ameliorates recovery of vestibuloocular reflex following ULX by the restoration of the balance of the resting activity between bilateral medial vestibular nuclei. In addition, c-Fos expression in the medial vestibular nuclei could be used as a marker of vestibular compensation since c-Fos expression is closely related to the course of recovery following ULX.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.93-102
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• 2018

Discoidin domain receptor 1 (DDR1) is involved in tumorigenesis and angiogenesis. However, its role in lymphangiogenesis has been unknown. Here, we tested whether downregulation of DDR1 expression by miR-199a/b can suppress lymphangiogenesis. We also aimed to identify miRNA target site(s) in the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of DDR1. Transfection with miR-199a/b-5p mimics reduced expression of DDR1 and tube formation in primary human dermal lymphatic endothelial cells, whereas miR-199a/b-5p inhibitors showed the opposite effects. Critically, injection of miR-199a/b-5p mimics suppressed DDR1 expression and lymphangiogenesis in a corneal alkali-burn rat model. The three well-conserved seed matched sites for miR-199a/b-5p in the DDR1 3'-UTR were targeted, and miRNA binding to at least two sites was required for DDR1 inhibition. Our data suggest that DDR1 promotes enhanced lymphangiogenesis during eye injury, and miR-199a/b-5p suppresses this activity by inhibiting DDR1 expression. Thus, this miRNA may be useful for the treatment of lymphangiogenesis-related eye diseases.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Clinical Electrophysiology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.43-55
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of microcurrent stimulation intensity($50{\mu}A,\;100{\mu}A,\;300{\mu}A$ - 5 pps pulse frequency was same) on wound healing in rat. Sixty male Korean rats were randomly divided into 4 groups of 15 for 4 different treatment protocols(none-control group, $50{\mu}A,\;100{\mu}A,\;300{\mu}A$ experimental groups). Experimental 20 mm linear wound were made and all animals in the experimental groups were received microcurrent stimulation once a day for 20 minutes until sacrifice days(1st day, 3rd day, 6th day). A vernier caliper was used to measure a wound healing length and an optical microscope was used to determine any histological changes. The repeated measures two-way ANOVA was used for statistical differences in wound healing length. Experimental results were as follows: 1. In the examination with the naked eye, all groups showed similar changes until 1st day. But from 3rd day, a little intercellular fluid soaked through wound region in control group. In experimental groups, little intercellular fluid soaked through wound region, and swelling and redness did not appear. 2. Wound length of experimental $50{\mu}A$ group was significantly decreased than control group(p<0.001). And in the aspect of application period, wound length was significantly decreased in 3th, 6th day than 1st day and 6th day than 3th day (p<0.001). In conclusion, it has been found that the microcurrent stimulation had a positive effect on wound healing. And $50{\mu}A$ stimulation intensity was more effective than other intensities($100{\mu}A,\;300{\mu}A$) in wound healing. Also, low-intensity microcurrent stimulation was more effective on the purpose of wound healing.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.15-21
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• 2010

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Lycii fructus and Astragalus membranaceus mixed extracts on immunomodulators and prevention in a streptozotocin-induced diabetes rat model. A total of 28 male rats were divided into four dietary groups and fed a commercial diet (A), commercial diet plus induced diabetes by a streptozotocin (STZ) injection (B), induced diabetes by STZ plus medicinal crop extracts(I&$H^{(R)}$) diet (C), and medicinal crop extracts (I&$H^{(R)}$) diet (D). Immunoblotting analyses revealed cytokine expression, and ELISA analyses revealed immunoglobulin E and nitric oxide production. As a results, the tumor necrosis factor-$\alpha$ (TNF-$\alpha$) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) as a inflammatory cytokine were decreased. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and signal transducer and activation of transcription 3 (STAT3) cytokine related in diabetes expression through JAK/STAT3 pathway were also decreased. Furthermore, immunoglobulin E and nitric oxide production were decreased in the serum and lens, respectively. These results suggest that Lycii fructus and Astragalus membranaceus mixed extracts provide positive effects on immunomodulators and prevention in diabetes and eye disease complications.