• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제1권4호
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• pp.19-26
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• 2015

본 연구는 대학 1학년에 재학 중인 학생들의 피임지식에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석하기 위한 연구이다. 연구대상은 대학 1학년생 139명으로 하였으며, 연구방법은 일반적 특성, 일반적 특성에 따른 피임지식 정도, 성관련 특성을 포함한 일반적 특성과 피임지식간의 피임지식에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석하기 위하여 빈도분석, 교차분석, 피어슨 상관관계와 위계적 회귀분석을 이용하였다. 연구결과, 피임지식에 가장 영향을 미치는 순서는 성교육 유무, 성별, 한 달에 사용하는 용돈 수준으로 나타났다. 또한 성교육과 피임 지식간의 상관관계가 높았고, 한 달 용돈과 성교육간의 상관관계가 높았으며, 부모님과의 친밀도가 전공만족도와 높은 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이에 따라 사회적 성인으로 인정되는 대학 신입생들의 올바른 성문화를 위해서는 피임에 지식에 대한 올바른 정보제공이 요구됨에 따라 성교육을 체계화할 필요가 있으며 성별과 한 달 용돈 수준에 따라 적절한 프로그램 개발이 필요하다.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.301-306
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• 2019

Background: Ganglion impar blockade is a reliable and effective treatment option used in patients with coccydynia. Our primary objective was to specify the role of corticosteroids in impar blockade. We compared applications of local anesthetic with the local anesthetic + corticosteroid combination in terms of treatment efficiency in patients with chronic coccydynia. Methods: Our study was a prospective randomize double-blind study. The patients were divided into 2 groups after randomization. The first group (group SL) was made up of patients where a corticosteroid + local anesthetic were used during ganglion impar blockade. In the second group (group L) we used only local anesthetic. We evaluated numeric rating scale (NRS) and Beck depression scale, which were employed before the procedure and in 1st and 3rd months after the procedure. Results: Seventy-three patients were included in the final analysis. We detected a significantly greater decrease in NRS values in the 1st month in group SL than in group L (P = 0.001). In the same way, NRS values in the 3rd month were significantly lower in the group with steroids (P = 0.0001). During the evaluation of the Beck test, we detected significantly greater decreases in the 1st month (P = 0.017) and 3rd month (P = 0.021) in the SL group than in the L group. Conclusions: Ganglion impar blockade decreases pain in the treatment of chronic coccydynia and improve depression. Addition of steroids in a ganglion impar blockade is required for treatment response that should accumulate over a long period of time.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.365-373
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of preoperative warming to prevent hypothermia in surgery for patients undergoing total hip replacement arthroplasty under spinal anesthesia. Methods: A randomized experimental study was conducted. Data were collected at an S University hospital in Gyeonggido from December 3, 2019 to March 31, 2020. A random allocation program was used to randomize participants into intervention and control groups. A total of 90 participants were assigned to the study: 30 people were randomized to a pre-warming group using Bair Hugger forced-air warming blankets(Model 505) 30 minutes before surgery, 30 to a pre-warming group 15 minutes before surgery, or 30 to a control group. The findings from 88 participants were analyzed. For data analysis, χ2 test and ANOVA were used utilizing the SPSS 21.0 program. Results: The pre-warming group 30 minutes before surgery had significantly higher body temperature than the control group, from 30 minutes after inducing anesthesia to the end of anesthesia. Body temperature over anesthesia time showed significant differences among the three groups, but there were no statistically significant differences in interactions between time and groups. Conclusion: Warming patients' body for 30 minutes before surgery was effective in maintaining normal body temperature while preventing intraoperative hypothermia.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제64권3호
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• pp.531-538
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• 2022

In Italy, buffalo mozzarella is a largely sold and consumed dairy product. The fraudulent adulteration of buffalo milk with cheaper and more available milk of other species is very frequent. In the present study, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), in combination with multivariate analysis by partial least square (PLS) regression, was applied to quantitatively detect the adulteration of buffalo milk with cow milk by using a fully automatic equipment dedicated to the routine analysis of the milk composition. To enhance the heterogeneity, cow and buffalo bulk milk was collected for a period of over three years from different dairy farms. A total of 119 samples were used for the analysis to generate 17 different concentrations of buffalo-cow milk mixtures. This procedure was used to enhance variability and to properly randomize the trials. The obtained calibration model showed an R² ≥ 0.99 (R² cal. = 0.99861; root mean square error of cross-validation [RMSEC] = 2.04; R² val. = 0.99803; root mean square error of prediction [RMSEP] = 2.84; root mean square error of cross-validation [RMSECV] = 2.44) suggesting that this method could be successfully applied in the routine analysis of buffalo milk composition, providing rapid screening for possible adulteration with cow's milk at no additional cost.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.189-196
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• 2010

미국의 1970년 징병추출(draft lottery)은 유한 순서열 (1, 2, ..., k)의 물리적 임의화를 쉬운 일로 생각하였다가 사회적 물의가 빚어진 대표적인 사례이다. 본 소고는 숫자 1, 숫자 2, ... 등의 순서로 쌓인 k장의 카드 뭉치를 물리적으로 임의화하는 데 있어 반복 시행(repeated trial)의 역할을 밝힌다. 부수적으로 독립시행 수 n, 성공의 확률이 $\theta$인 이항분포 B(n, $\theta$)에서 성공 수가 짝수일 확률은 n이 커짐에 따라 0.5에 수렴하게 됨을 보인다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제29권7호
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• pp.1052-1059
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• 2016

Red light (RL) marked higher weight gain (WG) and preference of broilers compared to other light colors. This study aimed to investigate how different intensities of RL affect the performance, behavior and welfare of broilers. RL treatments were T1 = high intensity (320 lux), T2 = medium intensity (20 lux); T3 = dim intensity (5 lux), T4 = control/white light at (20 lux) provided on 20L:4D schedule and T5 = negative control; 12 hours dark: 12 hours day light. Cobb strain broilers were used in a Complete Randomize Design with 6 replicates. WG, water/feed intake, feed conversion ratio (FCR), mortality, behavior and welfare were assessed. At 35 d, significantly (p<0.05) highest body weight ($2,147.06g{\pm}99$) was recorded by T3. Lowest body weight ($1,640.55g{\pm}56$) and FCR (1.34) were recorded by T5. Skin weight was the only carcass parameter showed a significant (p<0.05) influence giving the highest (56.2 g) and the lowest (12.6 g) values for T5 and T1 respectively. Reduced welfare status indicated by significantly (p<0.05) higher foot pad lesions, hock burns and breast blisters was found under T3, due to reduced expression of behavior. Highest walking ($2.08%{\pm}1%$) was performed under T1 in the evening during 29 to 35 days. Highest dust bathing ($3.01%{\pm}2%$) was performed in the morning during 22 to 28 days and highest bird interaction (BI) ($4.87%{\pm}4%$) was observed in the evening by T5 during 14 to 21 days. Light $intensity{\times}day$ $session{\times}age$ interaction was significantly (p<0.05) affected walking, dust bathing and BI. Light intensity significantly (p<0.05) affected certain behaviors such as lying, eating, drinking, standing, walking, preening while lying, wing/leg stretching, sleeping, dozing, BI, vocalization, idling. In conclusion, birds essentially required provision of light in the night for better performance. Exposed to 5 lux contributed to higher WG, potentially indicating compromised welfare status. Further researches are suggested to investigate RL intensity based lighting regimen that favors for both production and welfare of Broilers.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.149-156
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• 2018

Objective: Broilers show clear preference towards red color light (RL). However setting of an optimum light intensity is difficult since dim intensities that favor growth reduce welfare. This experiment was conducted to test the most effective RL intensity regimen (Dim [5 lux; DI] vs high [320 lux; HI]) in combination applied at different growth stages that favors for both performance and welfare. Methods: Complete randomize design was adopted with 6 replicates. Treatments were; T1 = early DI (8-21 d)+latter HI (22-35 d); T2 = early DI (8-28 d)+latter HI (29-35 d), T3 = early HI (8-21 d)+latter DI (22-35 d), T4 = early HI (8-28 d)+latter DI (29-35 d) and T5 = control (white light; WT) (8-35 d) at medium intensity (20 lux). Body weight (BW), weight gain (WG), water/feed intake and ratio, feed conversion ratios (FCR) were assessed. Common behaviours (15) were recorded by scan sampling method. Lameness, foot pad dermatitis, breast blisters, hock burning damage were assessed as welfare parameters. Fear reactions were tested using Tonic Immobility Test. Ocular and carcass evaluations were done. Meat and tibiae were analyzed for fat and bone ash respectively. Results: On 35 d, the highest BW ($2,155.72{\pm}176g$), WG ($1,967.78{\pm}174g$) were recorded by T2 compared to WT ($BW_{WT}=1,878.22{\pm}155$, $WG_{WT}=1,691.83{\pm}160$). But, application of RL, either DI, or HI during early/latter stage had no significant effect on FCR. Under HI, birds showed much higher active behaviours. DI encourages eating. Though LI changed from DI to HI, same trend could be seen even under HI. The highest leg strength ($218.5{\pm}120s$) was recorded by T2. The lowest leg strength ($64.58{\pm}33s$) and the highest ocular weight ($2.48{\pm}1g$) were recorded by T1. Significantly (p<0.05) the highest skin weight ($162.17{\pm}6g$) but the lowest fat% in meat ($13.03%{\pm}5%$) was recorded by T2. Conclusion: Early exposure to DI-RL up to 28 days followed by exposure to HI-RL is the most favorable lighting regimen for optimizing production, better welfare of broilers and improving health benefits of meat.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.243-252
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• 2005

목적 : 급성기 족관절 염좌 환자에 있어서 자락발관법이 실제 효과가 있는지 근거 중심 의학(Evidence Based Medicine)적으로 연구된 사례가 드물어서 이를 객관적으로 검증하기 위하여 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방법 : 골절이 배제되고, 명백한 외상력이 있으며, 발병 후 1주일 이내에 내원하였으며 다른 치료를 받지 않은 환자 29명을 대상으로 무작위로 실험군과 대조군으로 나누어 자락발관법 유무의 차이를 두고 시술하였다. 치료시작점과 3회 시술 후 Ankle-Hindfood Scale(AHS)와 Numerical Rating Scale(NRS)을 평가하여 비교 분석하였다. 결과 : 29명중 19명이 최종 평가되었다. 자락발관법을 시행한 실험군(n=11)이 자락발관법을 시행하지 않은 대조군(n=8)에 대해 AHS와 NRS 모두 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다(p=0.041, 0. 026). 결론 : 급성기 족관절 염좌에 있어 자락발관법의 시행은 통증을 비롯한 증상 감소에 객관적인 효과가 있다.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.27-44
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• 2020

Objectives : The authors conducted randomized, Double-blinded, and placebo-controlled parallel-group clinical experiment study to evaluate efficacy of fermented soybean(Bio-Peptone)cream in pruritus. Methods : The research had been conducted for 4 months from the date of IRB approval(May 26 in 2017) to Sept 2017. The experiment started by randomly distributing 25 subjects with pruritus into experimental group and control group, respectively. The experimental group applied fermented soybean(Bio-Peptone)cream twice a day, in the morning and evening, for one week on itchy area. The effect of the product was evaluated by comparing the PSS(Patient subjective score), moisture level by measuring skin moisture content(Corneometer) and transepidermal water loss(Tewameter), and the Korean version of Skindex-29(index of quality of life improvement) before applying the cream, after applying the cream for one week and after stop applying the cream for one week. The control group conducted identical experiment with the experimental group, except the control group applied placebo instead of the fermented soybean(Bio-Peptone)cream. Results : Pruritus, criterion of the first validation testing, indicates fermented soybean(Bio-Peptone)cream tend to reduce pruritus compare to placebo, although the result is not statistically noticeable. Significant difference in reduction of prutitus, the second validation test was not discovered in both groups. Corneometer and life quality tend to be improved with soy cream than placebo, but not statistically effective and both groups did not show any difference in terms of Tewameter measurement. Conclusions : The result of clinical experiment didn't prove that the fermented soybean(Bio-Peptone)cream is more effective in reducing pruritus than placebo, statistically. The clinical use of soybean product for pruritus requires further studies to be verified.

• 정보처리학회논문지B
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• 제11B권2호
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• pp.221-226
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• 2004

개미 집단 시스템(Ant Colony System ACS) 알고리즘은 조합 최적화 문제를 해결하기 위한 새로운 메타 휴리스틱 방법이다. 이것은 그리디 탐색뿐만 아니라 긍정적 피드백에 의한 탐색을 이용한 모집단에 근거한 접근법으로 조합 최적화 문제를 해결하기 위해 제안되었다. 최근까지 인접한 노드($v_i, v_j$)가 같은 색을 갖지 않도록 그래프 G의 노드 V에 색을 배정하는 문제인 그래프 착색 문제의 최적 해를 구하기 위하여 다양한 접근 방식들과 해법들이 제안되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 기존의 그래프 착색 문제의 해법으로 잘 알려진 그리디 알고리즘, 시뮬레이티드어넬링, 타부 탐색 등이 아닌 개미 집단 시스템 알고리즘으로 해법을 구하는 방법인 ANTCOL 알고리즘을 소개하고, ANTCOL을 해결하기 위해 제안된 기존의 생성 함수들(ANT_Random ANT_LF, ANT_SL, ANT_DSATUR, ANT_RLF)과, 본 논문에서 새롭게 제안된 방법으로 RLF에 무작위 기법을 적용한 XRLF를 생성 함수로 사용한 ANT_XRLF 방법과 ANT_XRLF에 재검색을 추가한 방법(ANT_XRLF_R)의 그래프 착색 결과 및 실행 시간을 비교, 분석하여 제안된 방법이 더 빠르게 수렴할 수 있음을 실험을 통해 알 수 있었다.