• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권10호
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• pp.5075-5079
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• 2012

Purpose: The results of recent published studies focusing on IL-8 polymorphism in colorectal cancer susceptibility have often been inconsistent. We therefore carried out a meta-analysis based on independent studies to assess the association. Methods: Nine case-control studies with 7,003 individuals (3,019 cases and 3,984 controls) were included in this meta-analysis through searching the databases of PubMed, Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE), and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM; Chinese) (up to Aug 1st, 2012). The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were used to assess the strength of the association. Meta-analysis was conducted in a fixed/random effect model. Results: No obvious associations were found for all genetic models when all studies were pooled into the meta-analysis (for A vs. T: OR = 1.084, 95% CI = 0.971-1.209, P = 0.019; for TA vs. TT: OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 0.943-1.475, P = 0.001; for AA vs. TT: OR = 1.155, 95% CI = 0.916-1.456, P = 0.014; for AA+TA vs. TT: OR = 1.170, 95% CI =0.953-1.437, P = 0.001; for AA vs. TT+TA: OR = 1.044, 95% CI = 0.886-1.230, P = 0.097). In the subgroup analyses by ethnicity (Caucasian) and source of controls (population based), also no significant associations were found for all genetic models. Conclusions: Result suggests that the IL-8-251T>A polymorphism is not associated with colorectal cancer risk. Because of the limitations of this meta-analysis, this finding demands further investigation.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제63권4호
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• pp.455-462
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• 2020

Objective : Recent studies have reported that arachnoid plasty (ARP) using gelatin sponges with fibrin glue reduced the occurrence of chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) following clipping surgery for unruptured intracranial aneurysm (UIA). This meta-analysis was conducted to collate further evidence for the efficacy of ARP in preventing postoperative CSDH. Methods : Data of patients who underwent clipping surgery were extracted from PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials by two independent reviewers. A random effects model was used to investigate the efficacy of ARP by using odd ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A meta-regression analysis for male sex was additionally preformed. Results : Data from six studies with 1715 patients were consecutively included. Meta-analysis revealed that ARP was significantly associated with lower rates of CSDH development after surgical clipping for UIA (ARP group vs. control group : 3.2% vs. 7.2%; OR, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.18-0.93; I²=44.3%; p=0.110). Meta-regression analysis did not highlight any modifying effect of the male sex on postoperative CSDH development (p=0.951). Conclusion : This meta-analysis indicated that ARP reduced the incidence rates of CSDH following clipping surgery for UIA. If feasible, ARP would be implemented as an additional surgical technique to prevent postoperative CSDH development during surgical clipping of UIA.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.159-164
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• 2008

Objectives : The purpose of this systematic review was to investigate the association between dietary intake of citrus fruits and prostate cancer risk. Methods : Authors searched electronic databases and the reference lists of publications of diet and prostate cancer studies until August 2007. All of the epidemiological studies that obtained individual data on dietary intake of citrus fruits and presented risk estimates of the association between intake of citrus fruits and risk of prostate cancer were identified and included. Using general variance-based methods, study-specific odds ratios (OR)/ relative risk (RR) and associated confidence interval (CI)/ standard error (SE) for highest versus lowest intake of citrus fruits level were extracted from each paper. Results : Eleven articles including six case-control studies, one nested case-control study and four cohort studies, proved eligible. Overall summary OR using random effect model did not show an association in risk of prostate caner with intake of citrus fruits (summary OR=1.03, 95% CI=0.89-1.19) with large heterogeneity across studies that we were unable to explain ($I^2$=67.88%). The summary ORs in case-control studies and cohort studies were 1.10 (95% CI=0.97-1.22) and 1.05 (95% CI=0.96-1.14), respectively. Conclusions : Pooled results from observational studies did not show an association between intake of citrus fruits and the risk of prostate cancer, although results vary substantially across studies.

• 한국압력기기공학회 논문집
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.13-19
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• 2008

In order to predict a remaining life of a plant, it is necessary to select the components that are critical to the plant life. The remaining life of those components shall be evaluated by considering the aging effect of materials used as well as numerous factors. However, when evaluating reliability of nuclear structural components, some problems are quite formidable because of lack of information such as operating history, material property change and uncertainty in damage models. Accordingly, if structural integrity and safety are evaluated by the deterministic fracture mechanics approach, it is expected that the results obtained are too conservative to perform a rational evaluation of plant life. The probabilistic fracture mechanics approaches are regarded as appropriate methods to rationally evaluate the plant life since they can consider various uncertainties such as sizes and shapes of cracks and degradation of material strength due to the aging effects. The objective of this study is to evaluate the structural integrity for a reactor pressure vessel under the small break loss of coolant accident by applying the deterministic and probabilistic fracture mechanics. The deterministic fracture mechanics analysis was performed using the three dimensional finite element model. The probabilistic integrity analysis was based on the Monte Carlo simulation. The selected random variables are the neutron fluence on the vessel inside surface, the content of copper, nickel, and phosphorus in the reactor pressure vessel material, and initial RTNDT.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.375-383
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• 2017

본 연구는 군 간부의 자존감이 다문화 수용성에 영향을 미치는지 파악하는데 목적이 있다. 그리고 이러한 영향 관계를 직무만족과 군생활 적응이 매개하는지 동시에 파악하고자 한다. 이를 위하여 경기도와 강원도에 소재한 육군 부대 각 1개에 복무하는 580명의 간부를 임의표집하여 설문조사를 실시하였다. 수집한 자료는 기술통계, 상관관계 분석을 비롯하여 구조방정식 모형을 설정하여 분석하였다. 그 결과, 군 간부의 자존감은 군생활 적응만을 매개하거나 직무만족과 군생활 적응을 차례대로 매개하여 다문화 수용성에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 군간부의 다문화 수용성을 제고하기 위해서는 군 간부의 자존감, 직무만족 및 군생활 적응을 동시에 높여야 할 것이다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 군 간부의 자존감, 직무만족 및 군생활 적응력을 높이기 위한 실천적 방안을 제시하였다.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2006

이 논문에서는 에너지 소산장치가 장착된 사장교의 지진 취약도 해석 방법을 제시하고 에너지 소산장치의 장착 및 주탑-보강형 연결 조건에 따른 지진 취약도 변화를 살펴본다. 입력지반운동, 에너지 소산장치 특성값 및 사장교 강성 모형에 확률 변수를 도입하여 불확실성을 고려하고 에너지 소산장치의 비선형 이력거동을고려하여 시간이력 해석을 수행한다. 해석결과의 회귀분석을 통한 최대 응답과 입력지반운동 세기(intensity) 사이의 관계식으로부터 취약도 해석을 위한 소요 역량(demand)을 수립한다. 역량(capacity)에 해당하는 한계상태는 주탑 하부의 전단력, 보강형의 교축방향 변위, 케이블 장력의 변동량 그리고 강주탑의 좌굴이 고려된다. 해석 예제로서 강주탑 사장교인 제 2 진도대교 모형에 대하여 취약도 해석을 수행하였다. 취약도 해석결과 에너지 소산장치의 사용을 통하여 구속 또는 비구속 연결조건시 높은 손상확률을 보이던 한계상태에 대하여 그 손상확률을 크게 줄일 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국해안·해양공학회논문집
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.276-284
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• 2011

파랑 잉여응력의 영향이 자동적으로 고려되므로 파랑으로부터 발생되는 흐름을 수치모의할 수 있는 수평점성 및 난류항이 포함된 Boussinesq 방정식 모형인 FUNWAVE를 이용하여, 다방향 불규칙파 조건으로 해운대 해안에서 발생하는 이안류를 수치모의하였다. 수치모의는 다방향 불규칙파의 전파양상과 지형에 의한 비선형 파랑변형을 잘 보여주고 있으며, 이러한 파랑변형과 해운대 지형특성이 반영되어 시간에 따라 발달하는 파랑유도 연안흐름 양상을 잘 보여준다. 수치모의 결과로 부터 이안류는 연안방향으로 상대적으로 수심이 깊은 곳에서 그리고 파고가 낮은 곳에서 이안류가 돌발적으로 발생 혹은 증폭될 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.145-156
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• 2005

도심지 지하철 및 산악 터널의 굴착과 관련한 지하수유동 해석 및 환경 영향 평가를 위해 3차원 유한 차분 모형인 MODFLOW가 널리 이용되고 있는 추세이다. 수치해석 결과는 일반적으로 경계조건, 초기조건, 개념 모델 설정 및 수리 물성치 등에 의해 차이가 난다. 따라서 대상 해석 영역의 실제 상황을 반영한 지하수 모델링은 매우 중요하다. 일반적으로 지하수 유동 해석과 관련한 많은 경우, 경계 조건 설정보다는 수리 물성치의 결정에 어려움이 많으며, 이는 제한된 조사나 실험 결과로부터 전체 대상 영역의 매질을 결정하기 때문이다. 본 연구에서는 모의 담금질(SA : Simulated Annealing) 기법을 활용하여 지반 조사 자료, 특히 물리탐사 결과 이미지와 제한된 개소의 수리 전도도 자료를 병합하여 수리 매질들을 실현시켰다. 지구통계학적 등가 매질들을 대상으로 하여 수리 전도도의 불확실성을 고려한 지하수 유동 해석을 수행하였다. 지하수 환경 영향 평가 및 터널 내 유입 지하수 문제에 있어 수리 전도도의 불확실성을 고려함으로써 확률론적 접근이 가능하였다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.224-233
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• 2019

Objectives: In women, breast cancer is the most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer death. Screening tests are the basis for early diagnosis. In Iranian women, the mortality rate of breast cancer is high due to insufficient screening examinations and delayed visits for care. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the factors affecting breast self-examinations among Iranian women employed in medical careers. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 501 women working in the medical professions at Hamadan University of Medical Sciences in western Iran in 2018. The subjects were selected by stratified random sampling. Data were collected using a researcher-developed, self-report questionnaire that contained demographic information and questions based on protection motivation theory and social support theory. Descriptive data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 23 and model fitting with PLS version 2. Results: The mean age of the participants was $37.1{\pm}8.3years$, and most of the women (80.4%) were married. Most women had a bachelor's degree (67.5%). The findings of this study showed that the coping appraisal construct was a predictor of protection motivation (${\beta}=0.380$, p<0.05), and protection motivation (${\beta}=0.604$, p<0.05) was a predictor of breast self-examination behavior. Additionally, social support theory (${\beta}=0.202$, p<0.05) had a significant positive effect on breast self-examination behavior. Conclusions: The frequency of practicing self-examinations among women employees in the medical sector was low; considering the influence of social support as a factor promoting screening, it is necessary to pay attention to influential people in women's lives when designing educational interventions.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제62권4호
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• pp.389-397
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• 2019

Objective : Mechanical thrombectomies with balloon-guide catheters (BGC) are thought to improve successful recanalization rates and to decrease the incidence of distal emboli compared to thrombectomies without BGC. We aimed to assess the effects of BGC on the outcomes of mechanical thrombectomy in acute ischemic strokes. Methods : Studies from PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane library database from January 2010 to February 2018 were reviewed. Random effect model for meta-analysis was used. Analyses such as meta-regression and the "trim-and-fill" method were additionally carried out. Results : A total of seven articles involving 2223 patients were analyzed. Mechanical thrombectomy with BGC was associated with higher rates of successful recanalization (odds ratio [OR], 1.632; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.293-2.059). BGC did not significantly decrease distal emboli, both before (OR, 0.404; 95% CI, 0.108-1.505) and after correcting for bias (adjusted OR, 1.165; 95% CI, 0.310-4.382). Good outcomes were observed more frequently in the BGC group (OR, 1.886; 95% CI, 1.564-2.273). Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage and mortality did not differ significantly with BGC use. Conclusion : Our meta-analysis demonstrates that BGC enhance recanalization rates. However, BGC use did not decrease distal emboli after mechanical thrombectomies. This should be interpreted with caution due to possible publication bias and heterogeneity. Additional meta-analyses based on individual patient data are needed to clarify the role of BGC in mechanical thrombectomies.