• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.414-414
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• 2021

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.3473-3477
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• 2013

Background: Primary liver cancer (PLC) is the fifth most common malignancy worldwide and is still associated with high mortality. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma are the two most common PLCs, and their incidence varies across regions. Currently there are no published data available on the incidence of PLC in Brunei Darussalam. Materials and Methods: All proven PLCs between 2000 and 2009 were identified from the National Cancer Registry and reviewed. Metastatic diseases were excluded. A total of 123 cases (male 65.8%, female 34.2%) were identified and their data collected for calculation of the age standardised rate (ASR). Results: The most common type of PLC was HCC (87.8%) followed by cholangiocarcinoma (10.6%). There were two cases of hepatoblastoma. The mean age at diagnosis was 63.2 years. The overall ASR of PLC was 8.2/100,000, increasing from 4.5/100,000 population in 2000 to 11.4/100,000 population in 2009. The rates were higher among males (12.0/100,000) than females (4.7/100,000). Among the ethnic groups, Chinese had the highest rates (overall 13.1/100,000 with none recorded in 2000 to 30.3/100,000 in 2009) compared to the Malays (overall 8.5/100,000 increasing from 4.5/100,000 in 2000 to 12.3/100,000 in 2009) and the indigenous groups. The incidence increased after the age of 50 and was highest among the 75-79 age groups. Increase was seen for HCC but not for cholangiocarcinoma. Conclusions: The most common type of PLC is HCC and the annual incidence of PLC is increasing in Brunei Darussalam,rates being higher in males and Chinese.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.103-114
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• 1992

Diurnal and seasonal variation of demersal fishes of Asan Bay were studied using seasonal samples collected by an otter trawl from autumn 1989 to summer 1990. For each sampling period, three to five trawl hauls were completed to obtain day and night samples. Of 32 species identified, Chaturichthys stigmatias, Cynoglossus joyneri, Thrissa koreana, Repomuenus lunatus and Hexagrammos otakii accounted for $79.5\%$ of the individuals collected, and C. joyneri, T koreana, H. otakii, Raja kenojei and Kareius bicoloratus constituted $67.1\%$ of the biomass obtained. Apparently, larger number of individuals and greater biomass were collected in night hauls. However, there is no significant difference between day and night samples in community structure, mean abundance and body length of the dominant demersal species. The greatest numbers and biomass of fishes were collected in summer and the lowest in winter. The abundance of fishes in the study area were dependent upon seasonal effects such as temperature.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.302-313
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• 2016

Use of a passive bistatic radar (PBR) system in the surveillance or monitoring of an area has its advantages. For example, a PBR system is able to utilize any available signal of opportunity (for example, broadcasting, communication, or radio navigation signals) for the purposes of surveillance. With this in mind, there are potentially many research areas to be explored; in particular, the capability of signals from existing and future communication systems, such as 4G and 5G. Long-Term Evolution (LTE) is the world's most current communication system. Given this fact, this paper presents the latest feasibility studies and experimental results from using LTE signals in PBR applications. Details are provided about aspects such as signal characteristics, experimental configurations, and SNR studies. Six experimental scenarios are carried out to investigate the detection performance of our proposed system on ground-moving targets. The ability to detect is demonstrated through use of the cross-ambiguity function. The detection results suggest that LTE signals are suitable as a source signal for PBR.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.34-45
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• 2012

A thermophilic Bacillus stearothermophilus F1 produces an extremely thermostable serine protease. The F1 protease sequence was used to predict its three-dimensional (3D) structure to provide better insights into the relationship between the protein structure and biological function and to identify opportunities for protein engineering. The final model was evaluated to ensure its accuracy using three independent methods: Procheck, Verify3D, and Errat. The predicted 3D structure of F1 protease was compared with the crystal structure of serine proteases from mesophilic bacteria and archaea, and led to the identification of features that were related to protein stabilization. Higher thermostability correlated with an increased number of residues that were involved in ion pairs or networks of ion pairs. Therefore, the mutants W200R and D58S were designed using site-directed mutagenesis to investigate F1 protease stability. The effects of addition and disruption of ion pair networks on the activity and various stabilities of mutant F1 proteases were compared with those of the wild-type F1 protease.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.25 no.11
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• pp.549-558
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• 2022

The Indonesian Archipelago has a very complex geological history, along with equatorial warm sea temperature, resulting in diverse types of coral reefs and high diversity of coral reef fish. Many livelihoods of the coastal community are dependent on coral reef fisheries. The present study aimed to determine which region and location in the Indonesian Archipelago has the most diverse and abundant coral reef fish. The archipelago was divided into four regions: the Indian Ocean, Sunda Shelf, Wallacea, and the Pacific Ocean. Data were obtained from a national coral reef monitoring program of the Indonesian Research Center for Oceanography (RCO)-the National Board for Research and Innovation (BRIN). The reef fish data were collected using the underwater visual census method, from 321 belt transects on 24 locations (districts) across the archipelago. The results show that coral reef fish diversity of the Pacific region was the highest across the archipelago for all three trophic levels, i.e., corallivore, herbivore, and carnivore fish. The Pacific Ocean region also had the highest fish abundance for the three trophic levels. Comparison among locations revealed that the best ten locations in reef fish diversity and abundance were Sabang, Mentawai, Makassar, Selayar, Buton, Luwuk, Ternate, Raja Ampat, Biak, and Wakatobi. Wakatobi reefs showed their supremacy in carnivore fish diversity and abundance, while Biak reefs were the best in herbivore fish. The abundance of corallivore fish was also considerably high in Sabang reefs, but it is still lower than in Raja Ampat, Biak, and Wakatobi reefs. These results provide empirical evidence that the coral reefs of Wakatobi and Biak are the hottest hotspots of coral reef fish diversity and abundance in the Indonesian Archipelago.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.737-744
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• 2017

Geopolymer Concrete is typically proportioned with activator solution leading to moderately high material cost. Such cost can be enduring in high value added applications especially when cost savings can be recognized in terms of reduction in size of the members. Proper material selection and mix proportioning can diminish the material cost. In the present investigation, a total of 27 mixes were arrived considering the mix parameters as liquid-binder ratio, slag content and sodium hydroxide concentration to study the mechanical properties of geopolymer concrete (GPC) mixes such as compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength. The derived statistical Response Surface Methodology is beleaguered to develop cost effective GPC mixes. The estimated responses are not likely to contrast in linear mode with selected variables; a plan was selected to enable the model of any response in a quadratic manner. The results reveals that a fair correlation between the experimental and the predicted strengths.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.402-410
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• 2017

For many years, researchers in face description area have been representing and recognizing faces based on different methods that include subspace discriminant analysis, statistical learning and non-statistics based approach etc. But still automatic face recognition remains an interesting but challenging problem. This paper presents a novel and efficient face image representation method based on Optimized Local Ternary Pattern (OLTP) texture features. The face image is divided into several regions from which the OLTP texture feature distributions are extracted and concatenated into a feature vector that can act as face descriptor. The recognition is performed using nearest neighbor classification method with Chi-square distance as a similarity measure. Extensive experimental results on Yale B, ORL and AR face databases show that OLTP consistently performs much better than other well recognized texture models for face recognition.

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.71-75
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• 2010

The chloride ion attack on the passive iron oxide layer of reinforcement steel embedded in concrete under variable temperature environment is influenced by several parameters and some of them still need to be further investigated in more detail. Different school of thoughts exist between past researchers and the data is limited in the high temperature and high chloride concentration range which is necessary with regards to setting boundary conditions for enhancement of tafel diagram model presented in this research. The objective of this paper is to investigate the detrimental coupled effects of chloride and temperature on corrosion of reinforced concrete structures in the high range by incorporating classical Tafel diagram chloride induced corrosion model and laboratory controlled experimental non-linear effect of temperature on corrosion of rebar embedded in concrete.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.2348-2355
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• 2015

Transformer mineral oil which is normally hydrocarbon based is non- biodegradable and pollutes the environment in all aspects. Though vegetable oils are eco-friendly in nature and potentially could be used in transformers as a replacement for the mineral oil, there usage is restricted because of their oxidative instability. The present work focuses on using rapeseed oil and pongamia (pongamia pinnata) oil as effective alternatives for the traditional mineral oil in power transformer. The oxidative stability of the rapeseed oil and pongamia oil is increased by using combinations of the natural and synthetic anti-oxidants as additives. The parameters like breakdown voltage, viscosity, flash point, fire point are measured for the rapeseed oil and pongamia oil with and without the additives as per IEC and ASTM standards. The results shown encouraging changes in the parameter values and ensures the use of the oils as a potential alternative insulation in power transformers.