• 대기
• /
• 제21권4호
• /
• pp.481-495
• /
• 2011

This study is performed to consider the threshold values of heavy rain warning in Korea using 98 surface meteorological station data and 590 Automatic Weather System stations (AWSs), damage data of National Emergency Management Agency for the period of 2005 to 2009. It is in need to arrange new criteria for heavy rain considering concept of rainfall intensity and rainfall damage to reflect the changed characteristics of rainfall according to the climate change. Rainfall values from the most frequent rainfall damage are at 30 mm/1 hr, 60 mm/3 hr, 70 mm/6 hr, and 110 mm/12 hr, respectively. The cumulative probability of damage occurrences of one in two due to heavy rain shows up at 20 mm/1 hr, 50 mm/3 hr, 80 mm/6 hr, and 110 mm/12 hr, respectively. When the relationship between threshold values of heavy rain warning and the possibility of rainfall damage is investigated, rainfall values for high connectivity between heavy rain warning criteria and the possibility of rainfall damage appear at 30 mm/1 hr, 50 mm/3 hr, 80 mm/6 hr, and 100 m/12 hr, respectively. It is proper to adopt the daily maximum precipitation intensity of 6 and 12 hours, because 6 hours rainfall might be include the concept of rainfall intensity for very-short-term and short-term unexpectedly happened rainfall and 12 hours rainfall could maintain the connectivity of the previous heavy rain warning system and represent long-term continuously happened rainfall. The optimum combinations of criteria for heavy rain warning of 6 and 12 hours are 80 mm/6 hr or 100 mm/12 hr, and 70 mm/6 hr or 110 mm/12 hr.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
• /
• 제51권3호
• /
• pp.221-233
• /
• 2018

최근 기후변화로 인한 국지성 호우 및 태풍 피해가 자주 발생하고 있다. 이와 같은 피해를 저감하기 위해서는 정확한 강우의 예측과 홍수량 산정이 필요하다. 그러나 지점 및 레이더 강우 시 공간적 오차를 포함하고 있고, 유출 모형에 의한 유출수문곡선 역시 보정을 실시하더라도 관측유량과 오차를 가지고 있어 불확실성이 존재한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 확률론적 강우 앙상블을 생성하여 강우의 불확실성을 확인하였다. 또한 유출 결과를 통해 수문 모형의 불확실성을 확인하였고, 블랜딩 기법을 이용하여 하나의 통합된 유출 수문곡선을 제시하였다. 생성된 강우앙상블은 강우강도 및 지형적인 영향으로 레이더가 과소 관측이 될 때, 강우 앙상블의 불확실성이 큰 것을 확인하였고, 블랜딩 기법을 적용하여 산정된 최적 유출 수문곡선은 유출모형의 불확실성을 크게 줄이는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과를 활용한다면, 정확한 홍수량 산정 및 예측을 통해 집중호우로 인한 피해를 줄일 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
• /
• 제51권8호
• /
• pp.739-745
• /
• 2018

최근 집중호우의 발생빈도가 증가하고 있으며, 이를 고려한 강우분석을 실시하여야 한다. 현재 수문설계를 위한 강우분석은 한반도 조밀도 36 km인 기상청 관할 종관기상관측지점(Automated Surface Observing System, ASOS)의 시 단위 강우를 이용하고 있다. 이로 인해 같은 강우지점의 티센망에 포함되는 중소규모 유역은 동일한 확률강우량과 강우시간분포로 분석하게 됨으로 유역특성을 고려하지 못하는 문제가 발생한다. 또한, 10~20 km 범위 내에서 발생하는 집중호우의 시 공간적 변화를 고려하지 못하는 문제점이 발생한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 종관기상관측지점에 비해 상대적으로 조밀도가 우수한 방재기상관측지점(Automatic Weather System, AWS)의 분 단위 강우자료를 이용하여 집중호우를 고려한 확률강우량을 산정하였다. 또한, 유역에 적합한 Huff의 4분위 방법 산정을 위해 Case별 시간분포 산정과 유출분석을 실시하였다. 이는 집중호우와 유역특성을 반영한 설계수문량 산정에 크게 기여할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
• /
• 제46권4호
• /
• pp.361-372
• /
• 2013

본 연구에서는 1961~2010년 사이의 서울 지점 연 최대치 독립 호우사상들을 베타분포로 분석하여 서울지점의 대표 호우사상을 결정하였다. 구체적으로 살펴보면, 먼저, 첨두강우량을 기준으로 연최대치 호우사상들을 상위 50%와 하위 50%로 구분한다. 각각의 경우에 대해 첨두강우량의 평균을 지나는 베타분포를 유도한다. 마지막으로, 유도된 두 베타분포의 산술평균을 우량주상도로 나타내어 대표 호우사상을 결정한다. 이렇게 유도된 대표 호우사상은 실제 호우사상과 유사한 모양을 갖는 것으로 확인되었으며, 특히 Huff 분포에 비해 큰 첨두 강우량을 갖는 것으로 확인되었다. 여러 강우시간분포 모형들과 비교해 본 결과 Keifer & Chu 모형이 본 연구의 결과와 가장 유사한 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
• /
• 제26권6호
• /
• pp.118-129
• /
• 2021

The sediment transportation caused by soil erosion due to rainfall-discharge in the large watershed scale plays critical role in human society. The relationship between rainfall-discharge-sediment transportation is depending on the start time of rainfall and end of rainfall but, the studies related with rainfall characteristics are insufficient. In this study, The Soil and Water Assession Tool (SWAT) model was used to study the relationship between rainfall-discharge-sediment transportation at the Sook river watershed which is monitored by the Ministry of Environment. To do this, first of all, the sensitivity analysis about model attributes was performed using monitored data. The accuracy analysis of SWAT model was conducted using the model's efficiency index (Nash and Sutcliffe model efficiency; NSE) and the coefficient of determination (R²). After that, it was studied what results could be obtained according to changes in rainfall timing and end points. In the result of discharge simulation, the modified rainfall values (sum of total rainfall starting time and end time) showed more high accuracy values (R²:0.90, NSE: 0.8) than original rainfall values (R²:0.76, NSE: 0.72). In the result of sediment transportation simulation, during calibration had more resonable results(R²:0.87, NSE: 0.86) than compared with original rainfall values (R²:0.44, NSE: 0.41). However, validation results of sediment transportation simulation showed low accuracy values compared with calibration results. This results maybe cause monitoring periods of sediment flow compared with discharge monitoring periods. Nevertheless, since rainfall characteristic plays critical rule in model results, continuous research on rainfall characteristic is needed.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국수자원학회 2020년도 학술발표회
• /
• pp.99-99
• /
• 2020

The frequency and scale of domestic flood damage continues to increase, but the criteria for responding to flood damage have not been established. To this end, research is underway to estimate the amount of rainfall in each region so that it can be used to respond to flood damage. The limit rainfall is defined as the cumulative maximum rainfall for each duration that causes flooding, and this research purpose to improve the threshold rainfall by estimating the damage based on the damage history in units of 5 years and analyzing changes over time. The limit rainfall based on the damage history was estimated by using the NDMS past damage history of the Ministry of the Interior and Safety and the rainfall minutes data of AWS and ASOS. The period for estimating the limit rainfall is 2013 ~ 2017, 2015 ~ 2019, and the limit rainfall is estimated by analyzing the relationship between the flood damage history and the rainfall event in each period. Considering changes in watershed characteristics and disaster prevention performance, the data were compared using 5-year data. As a result of the analysis, the limit rainfall based on the damage history could be estimated for less than about 10.0% of the administrative dongs nationwide. As a result of comparing the limit rainfall by period, it was confirmed that the area where the limit rainfall has increased or decreased This was analyzed as a change due to rainfall events or urbanization, and it is judged that it will be possible to improve the risk criteria of flooding.

• 대한토목학회논문집
• /
• 제33권6호
• /
• pp.2223-2235
• /
• 2013

본 연구는 남 북한에서 시 공간적 강수특성 변화를 이해하고자, 남한 65개 기상청 관측소에서 1963년부터 2010년까지, 북한 27개 관측소에서 1973년부터 2010년까지 측정된 일 강수량 자료를 분석했다. 총량(Amount), 극치(Extremes)와 빈도(Frequency)를 나타내는 지표들을 선정하였고, 각각의 지표를 RIA (Rainfall Index for Amount), RIE (Rainfall Index for Extremes), RIF (Rainfall Index for Frequency)로 정의하였다. 남 북한 행정구역별로 2000년까지 평균 지표 값과 2001년부터 2010년까지 최근 10년 평균 지표 값을 비교하였다. 과거에 비해 최근 10년간 남한은 연중 강우일수를 나타내는 NWD (Number of Wet Days)와, 200년 빈도 강수량을 나타내는 Freq200 (200-yr Frequency Rainfall)을 제외한 SDW (Annual mean daily rainfall over wet-days), TotalDR (Annual Total Rainfall Amount), Prcp50 (Annual number of wet days over 50 mm/day), Prcp80 (Annual number of wet days over 80 mm/day), CWD (Annual maximum number of consecutive wet-days), AMDR (Annual maximum daily rainfall), 그리고 R3day (Annual maximum 3-days rainfall total) 값들이 모두 증가한 양상을 보였지만 북한은 SDW와, 연총강우량 TotalDR을 제외하곤 모두 감소하였다. 또한 연평균 지표 값의 경향성을 확인하기 위해 통계적 방법인 Mann-Kendall 검정을 실시하였다. 과거 감소의 경향을 나타내던 각 관측지점이 최근에 이르러서는 경향성의 역전 되는 현상을 보인 곳이 나타났으며, 이는 평균값만을 바탕으로 강수사상 특성변화를 분석하는 방법의 한계점으로 볼 수 있다. 본 연구의 결과는 한반도 물 관리 기후변화에 대한 영향 분석과 대응 대책 마련에 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지반공학회 2003년도 사면안정학술발표회
• /
• pp.13-22
• /
• 2003

Train speed and infiltration of rainfall causes railway embankment to be unstable and may result in failure. Therefore, the variation in the safety factor of railway embankment should be analyzed as the function of rainfall intensity, rainfall duration, and train speed and the study is accomplished using numerical analysis program. Based on unsaturated soil engineering, the variables in the shear strength function and permeability function are also defined and used for the numerical model for evaluation of railway embankments under rainfall. As a result of the study, in order to secure the safety of train under rainfall, the variation in the safety factor of railway embankment is predicted as the function of rainfall intensity, duration time and the train load as a function of train speed. It is possible to ensure the safety of train under rainfall. Thereafter, the feasibility of the rail-transport operation control with engineering basis was established.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국수자원학회 2005년도 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.943-947
• /
• 2005

This study was intended to interpose an objection about the analysis of rainfall spatial distribution without a proper standard, and offer the improved approach using 1,he geostatistical analysis method to analyze it. For this, spatially distributed daily rainfall data sets were collected for 41 weather stations in study area, and variogram and correlation analysis were conducted. In the results of correlation analysis, it was found that the longer distance between the stations reduces the correlation of the rainfall data, and maltes the characteristics of the rainfall spatial distribution. The variogram analysis shows that correlation range was less than 50 km for the 17 daily rainfall data sets of total 91 sets. It says that it involves some rike, to determine the application method for rainfall spatial distribution without some qualifications, hence the Application standards of the Rainfall Spatial Distribution Analysis Technique, were essential and that was contingent on characteristics of rainfall and landscape.

• 한국농공학회지
• /
• 제31권4호
• /
• pp.72-80
• /
• 1989

Various analyses were made to investigate the stochastic structure of the daily rainfall in Korea. Records of daily rainfall amounts from 1951 to 1984 at Chinju Metesrological Station were used for this study. Obtained results are as follows : 1. Time series of the daily rainfall at Chinju were positively, serially correlated for the lag as large as one day. 2. Rainfall events, defined as a sequence of consecutive wet days separated by one or more dry days, showed a seasonal variation in the occurrence frequency. 3. The marginal distribution of event characteristics of each month showed significant dif- ferences each other. Events occurred in summer had longer duration and higher magnitude with higher intensity than those of events occurred in winter. 4. There were significant positive correlations among four event characteristics ; dura- tion, magnitude, average intensity, and maximum intensity. 5. Correlations among the daily rainfall amounts within an event were not significant in general. 6. There were no consistant significancy in identity or difference between the distribu- tions of daily rainfall amounts for different days within events. 7. Above mentioned characteristics of daily rainfall time series must be considered in building a stochastic model of daily rainfall.