• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.219-226
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• 2019

Recently, research about Low-Impact Development (LID) techniques has been expanded due to problems with the effects of climate change and urbanization that have been increasing. LID technology is used to control flood damage environmentally to reduce runoff and is reduce runoff on city also restore into previous water circulation system from present developed city. However, studies about quantitative data of LID techniques are insufficient. Therefore in this study, the Curve Number (CN) was calculated with the Planter Box, which is storage type LID technology to conduct the water circulation (infiltration, runoff, overflow) analysis. Rainfall intensity scenario (60.4 mm/hr, 83.1 mm/hr, 97.4 mm/hr, 108.2 mm/hr) about water circulation analysis of Planter Box is selected on the basis of probable rainfall intensity table. According to the experimental results, the storage rate of rainwater in Building Planter Box and Street Planter Box was 43.5% to 52.9% and 33.4% to 39%, respectively. In addition, CN value is estimated to 83 at the Planter box and the runoff reduction effect by applying Horton's infiltration capacity curve showed on 51% to 98%.

• Water for future
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.267-278
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• 1987

This study aims at the decision of geomorphologic instantaneous unit hydrograph(GIUH) model parameter fore the ungaged or the data deficiented Basin, to analyze rainfall runoff relation in river basin by applying queueing theory with geomorphologic factors.The concept of GIUH model is based upon the principle of queueing theory of rain drops which may follow many possible routes during rainfall period within watershed system to ist outlet. Overland flow and stream flow can be simulated, respectively, by linear reservoir and linear channel conceptual models. Basically, the model is a mon-lineal and time variant hydrologic system model. The techniques of applying are adopted subarea method and mean-value method, the watershed is divided according to its stream number and order. To prove it to be applicable, the GIUH model is applied to the Wi-Stream basin of Nak-Dong River(Basin area; 475.53$\textrm{km}^2$), southen part of Korea. The simulated and the observed direct runoff hydrographs are compared with the peak discharge, times to peak and coefficients of efficiency, respectively, and the results show quite satisfactory.Therefore, th GIUH model can be extensively applied for the runoff analysis in the ungaged and the data deficiented basin.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.34 no.9
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• pp.19-32
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• 2018

In this study, the applicability and practicality of landslides monitoring by using wireless sensor network (WSN) was analysed. WSN system consists of a sensor node for collecting and transmitting data using IEEE 802.14e standard, a gateway for collecting data and transmitting the data to the monitoring server. In the topology of the sensor network, a highly flexible and reliable mesh type was adopted, and three testbeds were chosen in each location of Seoul metropolitan area. Soil moisture sensors, tensiometers, inclinometers, and a rain gauge were installed at each testbed and sensor node to monitor the landslide. For the estimation of the optimal network topology between sensor nodes, the susceptibility assessment of landslides, forest density and viewshed analysis of terrain were conducted. As a result, the network connection works quite well and measured value of the volumetric water content and matric suction simulates well the general trend of the soil water characteristic curve by the laboratory test. As such, it is noted that WSN system, which is the reliable technique, can be applied to the landslide monitoring.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.38 no.3 s.152
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• pp.245-257
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• 2005

The purpose of the present study is examining the changes of runoff characteristics and extracting hydrologic parameters by applying ModClark model on grid divided watershed. Bocheong stream basin in Geum River system, one of the representative watersheds of IHP projects, is selected. Hydrology-based topographical informations are calculated using GIS data in the HEC-GeoHMS V1.1 extension in Arcview 3.2. The ModClark model requires precipitation data in a gridded format. The gridded data must be recorded in the HEC Data Storage System file format. Therefore, kriging method was used to interpolate the point values to create a grid that gives each cell over the entire watershed a precipitation value. Hec-DSSVue program was used to create DSS file for the rain gage data. The completed HEC-HMS model was calibrated for use in simulating three measured storm events and cell size of 10000m, 5000m, 2000m, 1000m was chosen for the application. As the result of applying distributed rainfall-runoff model to analyze relatively good agreement for peak discharge, runoff volume and peak time.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.50-61
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• 2018

The current study aimed to review the research trends on forest liming by age, country, and research topics, and seeks to summarize the effects of forest liming on soil, vegetation and water system in forest ecosystems. The recent goals of forest liming have been changed in response to changes in the acid deposition, and related studies have been mainly carried out in Europe and North America, where there is noted a massive forest decline, which was subsequently caused by acid rain. Most forest liming studies are noted to have focused on soil responses, however, the number of studies on the responses of vegetation and water system according to a literature review on the subject were relatively small. Meanwhile, forest liming influenced whole forest ecosystems through interaction between the soil, vegetation and water system as associated with the relevant regions. The changes in soil pH, base saturation, and cation exchange capacity by forest liming were noted as different depending on the soil layer and elapsed time after liming. The responses of vegetation to forest liming were shown in above- and below-ground plant growth and plant nutrient concentration, and also were noted to have varied depending on the available regional plant species and noted specific soil conditions. The chemical properties of the water system were changed similarly to those in the soil, leading to notable changes as seen in the planktons and available fish species in the region. Finally, these results could be used to plan further studies on forest liming, which would significantly benefit regional studies to promote the preservation of the species noted for protection in the region.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.2460-2468
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• 2014

A local rain that is concentrated in specific area in a short time frequently occurs due to recent abnormal weather. To prevent potential flood disasters, therefore, it is necessary to be established to the flood control system. Checking the river design standard, however, hydrologic design frequency of water gate is only marked as over 20 years, so this fact shows that the standard is unclear. The inland inundation modeling considering the stage in a river and quantitative assessment are required to reduce flood damage. The simulation for internal inundation is very complex and is time-consuming due to considering hydraulic hydrology characteristics at the same time. Using the already established river master plan, consequently, this study proposed the simple and convenient method for assessment of the internal inundation simulation. Using the proposed method in the upper and middle regions of a river, influences for design frequency or water gate location were assessed by applying the nine probability precipitation with design frequency and by targeting the water gates which are installed in five inlands.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.17-28
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• 2017

A recent increase in extreme weather events and flash floods associated with the enhanced climate variability results in an increase in climate-related disasters. For these reasons, various studies based on a high resolution weather radar system have been carried out. The weather radar can provide estimates of precipitation in real-time over a wide area, while ground-based rain gauges only provides a point estimate in space. Weather radar is thus capable of identifying changes in rainfall structure as it moves through an ungauged basin. However, the advantage of the weather radar rainfall estimates has been limited by a variety of sources of uncertainty in the radar reflectivity process, including systematic and random errors. In this study, we developed an ensemble radar rainfall estimation scheme using the multivariate copula method. The results presented in this study confirmed that the proposed ensemble technique can effectively reproduce the rainfall statistics such as mean, variance and skewness (more importantly the extremes) as well as the spatio-temporal structure of rainfall fields.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.531-535
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 한반도 관측 공백지역인 북한지역에 대하여 레이더와 위성 원격탐사자료를 활용하여 강수량과 토양수분 등 수문기상정보를 생산 및 검증하고 효율적인 수문 모니터링 및 수문 기상 재해 감시와 평가 방안을 수립하고자 한다. 또한, 북한지역의 수문 기상 정보 수집 및 통합 DB를 마련하고 북한 수문기상 포털시스템을 구축함으로써 부처 간 자료를 공유할 수 있는 매개체를 마련하여 일관된 정책 수립과 효율적인 물관리를 도모하고자 한다. WPMM(Window Probability Matching Method)방법을 기반으로 구성된 RAD-RAR(Rain rate system) 산정 알고리즘(Rosenfeld et al., 1993)을 활용하여 산출된 합성 강우장 데이터의 정확성을 비교 분석하기 위해 접경지역 AWS 강수량과 세계기상통신망(GTS)기반 강수량을 산출하여 각각 레이더 강수량과 검증분석을 실시하였다. 연구기간은 2012년과 2013년 여름철 기간 중 5개의 기간을 선별하였다. 연구 기간 동안의 RAR 합성 강우장 데이터를 이용하여, 기간 중 1시간 동안 누적된 강수량을 산출하고 접경지역 AWS 강수량과 비교하였고 12시간 누적 강수량을 산출하여 GTS 강수량과 비교 분석을 실시하였다. 전반적으로 레이더 강수량에 비해 AWS 강수량이 더 높게 나타났으며 마찬가지로 레이더 강수량과 GTS 강수량의 비를 통해 레이더 자료가 상대적으로 과소추정되고 있음을 확인 할 수 있었다. 미항공우주국(NASA)과 일본항공우주국(JAXA)을 중심으로 진행된 GPM(Global Precipitation Measurement)미션은 한 개의 핵심위성과 마이크로파 복사계를 탑재한 10여개의 보조위성으로 구성되어 있으며, 매 3시간 간격의 전구 강수량 자료 생산에 목적이 있다. 이는 홈페이지를 통해 Level 1, 2, 3의 GPM 데이터를 배포하고 있다. 특히 Level 2 데이터는 언급된 3시간 간격의 전구 강수량 데이터를 제공한다. 이 경우 복사량을 강수량으로 변환하는 번거로움을 덜 수 있으며 NASA가 제공하는 Panoply라는 프로그램을 이용하여 한반도 강수 자료 가시화가 가능하다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.516-516
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• 2017

기후변화로 인하여, 홍수, 사막화, 엘니뇨 등의 자연재해가 이전보다 더 발생하고 있다. 기후변화 적응은 전 세계적으로 기후변화 대응보다 중요해지고 있다. 기후변화 적응을 위한 이슈 중 하나가 물 순환이다. 각 국가에서는 물 순환을 활성화하기 위한 기술을 개발하고 있다. 특히, 저영향개발(LID, Low Impact Development)이라는 물을 확보하기 위한 정책이 각 국가별로 추진되고 있으며, 이에 따른 기술이 개발되고 있다. 국내에서도 2001년에 국토해양부는 수자원장기종합계획을 발표하고, 환경부에서는 2013년에 LID기술요소 가이드라인과 환경영향평가 시 적용 가능한 저영향개발 매뉴얼을 개발하는 등 LID기술을 개발하고 적용하기 위한 정책을 펼치고 있다. 이러한 LID기술 중 하나가 빗물 집수시스템이며, 이 빗물집수시스템은 주거지역에서 빗물을 배수하고, 집수하여 빗물을 이용하기 위해 적용되고 있다. 현재 적용되고 있는 빗물 집수시스템은 측구 집수시스템과 원형 집수시스템이 있으며, 최근에는 수로형 집수시스템이 적용되는 지역도 있다. 본 연구에서는 전과정 평가(LCA, Life Cycle Assessment)를 이용하여 빗물 집수시스템의 환경성을 평가하고자 한다. 현재, 국내에서는 녹색건축물인증, 탄소성적 표지인증, 환경성적 표지인증 등 LCA를 이용하여 환경성을 평가하고 있다. 특히, 본 연구에서는 기후변화 측면에서 LCA를 적용하여 이산화탄소배출량을 평가하고자 하였다. 본 연구의 범위는 빗물집수시스템 30m로 가정하였으며, 측구 집수시스템, 원형 집수시스템 및 수로형 집수시스템의 건설, 운영 및 유지관리, 해체 및 폐기단계의 전 과정이다. 각 빗물 집수시스템에 대해 각 단계별로 이산화탄소 배출량을 산정한 결과, 수로형 집수시스템은 $2.82\;ton\;CO_2\;eq./set$이며, 원형 집수시스템은 $27.65\;ton\;CO_2\;eq./set$, 측구 집수시스템은 $21.54\;ton\;CO_2\;eq./set$이 배출되었다. 이산화탄소배출량 측면에서는 수로형 집수시스템이 나머지 두집수시스템보다 87~90%가 저감되는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 저영향개발에 대응하는 동시에 기후변화를 대응한다는 측면에서 빗물 집수시스템 정책에 활용되고, 설계시에도 반영될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. 추가적으로 이산화탄소뿐 만 아니라, 다른 환경성을 평가하는 연구가 진행될 필요가 있다.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.51-58
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• 2023

In this study, an empirical experiment was conducted to assess the feasibility of replacing groundwater with rainwater in melon cultivation using a smart rainwater harvesting system. The rainwater harvesting efficiency was calculated under three different melon cultivation scenarios. After cultivation, the quality of the fruits grown with rainwater and groundwater was compared by examining the weight, degree of sweetness, and flesh hardness of the products. The results revealed that the water quality of the smart rainwater harvesting device was suitable for melon cultivation to provide better hardness and chloride levels than groundwater. It was also estimated that about 40% of the total water demand for full growth of the melon could be supplied by rainwater. The fruit weight and sweetness were equivalent or slightly better for the melons cultivated with rainwater than those cultivated with groundwater. In particular, the flesh hardness was significantly improved by rainwater cultivation. These results collectively suggest that rainwater can be used as a substitute for groundwater to preserve groundwater resources without compromizing the produced fruit quality.