• Proceedings of the Korea Electromagnetic Engineering Society Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.243-248
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• 2003

This paper is contents on that construct ultra high speed wireless communication cell backbone net of city using of wireless communication transceiver for millimeter wave band. A new type of 60GHz wave band wireless transceiver using NRD waveguide. This 60GHz transceiver has excellent signal's absorption characteristics of oxygen molecule than the other millimeter wave bands. We constructed service networks to cell interval within about 500m to 3Km laying stress on wireless backbone node using 60GHz transceivers, and did it so that city type wireless communication cell backbone networks of 155.52Mbps ATM(OC-3) may be possible. The possible use of wireless backbone networks technology in a rainy day and a clear day was evaluated at 1Km data link distance. We can measured bit error rate(BER). BER is $10^{-11}$ at 155.52Mbps ATM(OC-3) in a clear day and $10^{-6}$ in a heavy rain more than 35mm per time. Also, we constructed wireless cell backbone networks distance to use several 60GHz transceivers and investigated data transmission rate between main center and local center of long distance. In proposed wireless cell backbone networks, the data throughput was approximately 80Mbit/sec. Therefore, if use transceiver, it is possible that city type ultra high speed wireless communication cell backbone networks construction of 100Mbps, 155.52Mbps, 622Mbps, 1Gbps and 1.2Gbps degrees.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.731-736
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to evaluate selected functional compounds and biological activities of 11 different pepper cultivars grown in rain-shelter and field. The selected compounds were capsaicinoids, polyphenolic and vitamin C. Antioxidant activities were measured by ABTS radical scavenging activity, reducing power and metal chelating effect. Antiproliferative activity was assessed by the measurement of the inhibition of HCT116, MCF 7 and NCI-H460 cancer cell proliferation. The contents of capsaicin, dihydrocapsaicin, polyphenolics and vitamin C from 11 cultivars grown in field were 0.0~268.3 mg/100 g, 0~55.1 mg/100 g, 635~878 mg/100 g and 4.1~8.2 mg/g, respectively. There were significant differences in the content of selected compounds among the cultivars, although no significant difference in rain-shelter and field was detected. Similar to the results from the selected compounds, there was no difference in antioxidant and antiproliferative activities between rain-shelter and field. This research provides basic information on functional compounds and biological activity of cultivation methods and pepper cultivars.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.24 no.9B
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• pp.1608-1615
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• 1999

In this study, we investigate the inter cell interference of LMDS(Local multipoint Distribution Service) system cell in LMDS system design process. There are several interference sources in LMDS system but we consider co-channel adjacent interference, cross-polarization interference, tx/rx interworking interference as three major factors. As the summation of each interference, C/N is keep 19 dB in 2km range but decreased gradually over 2km. Based on theoretical results, we process the experimental test and get results that C/I=20 dB have to be maintained to transmit the data successfully under rain fall attenuation condition. This experiential results are similar to the theoretical analysis results we examined.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.446-455
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• 2014

This study revealed the results related to the functionality of outdoor wear required when man and women in their 30s to 50s engage in outdoor activities. Based on the results of the survey, we proposed composition draft for a smart outdoor jacket with main functions of GPS device and light-emitting device using solar cell and EL. Absorption and release of sweat, functionality regarding rain and wind, and lightweightness, etc. from material functionalities of outdoor wear were found to be important. From function required in clothing for outdoor activity, location tracking, night glow, and lighting functions were found to be most important. For results investigating the necessity of the jacket's location tracking function and lighting function using solar cell, high scores of 3.9~4.0 were given. Purchase intentions for smart outdoor jacket with location tracking and lighting functions devised by this study were fairly positive and most responses indicated that the appropriate purchase price was between 200,000 to 300,000 won while possible problems of this smart outdoor jacket were listed in the order of washing inconvenience, high price, device weight, and discomfort in movement. The draft proposal to integrate with wearable devices for smart outdoor jacket prototype is as follows: Solar cell has been attached to the upper arm but placed inside a transparent pocket which has been detachable for washing convenience while the solar cell and controller have been integrated into a single unit. Using frequent movement exhibited by the arms, EL has been attached along the center line of the raglan sleeve for easy spotting when used as an emergency signal or for night lighting function during outdoor activity. GPS has been attached on the left sleeve so that the person can bend the left arm inward and operate the GPS screen with the right hand while walking or running outdoors.

• Atmosphere
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.435-453
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• 2007

KEOP (Korea Enhanced Observing Period)-2004 intensive summer observation was carried out from 20 June to 5 July 2004 over the Southwestern part of the Korean peninsula. In this study, the effects of KEOP-2004 intensive observation data on the simulation of precipitation system are investigated using KLAPS (Korea Local Analysis and Prediction System) and PSU/NCAR MM5. Three precipitation cases during the intensive observation are selected for detailed analysis. In addition to the control experiments using the traditional data for its initial and boundary conditions, two sensitivity experiments using KEOP data with and without Jindo radar are performed. Although it is hard to find a clear and consistent improvement in the verification score (threat score), it is found that the KEOP data play a role in improving the position and intensity of the simulated precipitation system. The experiments started at 00 and 12 UTC show more positive effect than those of 06 and 18 UTC. The effect of Jindo radar is dependent on the case. It plays a significant role in the heavy rain cases related to a mesoscale low over Changma front and the landing of a Typhoon. KEOP data produce more strong difference in the 06/18 UTC experiments than in 00/12 UTC, but give more positive effects in 00/12 UTC experiments. One of the possible explanations for this is that : KEOP data could properly correct the atmosphere around them when there are certain amounts of data, while gives excessive effect to the atmospheric field when there are few data. CRA analysis supports this reasoning. According to the CRA (Contiguous Rain Area) analysis, KEOP data in 00/12 UTC experiments improve only the surrounding area, resulting in essentially same precipitation system so the effects remain only in each convective cell rather than the system itself. On the other hand, KEOP data modify the precipitation system itself in 06/18 UTC experiments. Therefore the effects become amplified with time integration.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.473-486
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• 2001

The WGR model was developed to represent meso-scale precipitation. As a conceptual model, this model shows a good link between atmospheric dynamics and statistical description of meso-scale precipitation(Waymire et al., 1984). However, as it has maximum 18 parameters along with its non-linear structure, its parameter estimation has been remained a difficult problem. There have been several cases of its parameter estimation for different fields using non-linear programming techniques(NLP), which were also difficult tasks to hamper its wide applications. In this study, we estimated the WGR model parameters of the Han river basin using the genetic algorithm(GA) and compared them to the NLP results(Yoo and Kwon, 2000). As a result of the study, we can find that the sum of square error from the GA provide more consistent parameters to the seasonal variation of rainfall. Also, we can find that the higher rainfall amount during summer season is closely related with the arrival rate of rain bands, not the rain cell intensity.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.695-704
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• 2018

The rainfall cases were identified by rainfall estimation techniques which were developed by using X - band marine radar. A digital signal converter was used to convert the signal received from the marine radar into digital reflectivity information. The ground clutter signal was removed and the errors caused by beam attenuation and beam volume changes were corrected. The reflectivity showed a linear relationship with the rain gauge rainfall. Quantitative rainfall was estimated by converting the radar signal into an cartesian coordinate system. When the rainfall was recorded more than $5mm\;hr^{-1}$ at three automatic weather stations, the rain cell distribution on the marine radar was consistent with that of the weather radar operated by Korea meteorological Adminstration.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.419-422
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• 1999

A new method is developed to measure rainfall with high accuracy and resolution. The principle of new method is to detect a weight change of a buoyant weight according to a change in water level of raingage measured by the use of a strain-gage load cell. Field test of the method was carried out on 30 September 1998, when there was heavy rainfall with total amount of 189.60mm. The results are as follows; 1) In spite of heavy rainfall, this new method showed the total error of only 1.5% against the total amount of 189.60mm. 2) This new mechanism accomplished high accuracy and resolution at filed test in heavy rainy day. 3) The present study provided a possibility to develop a new raingage with an 0.01mm in rainfall measurement.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.1055-1060
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• 2002

A new method of automatic recording raingauge is developed to measure rainfall 1200mm full scale with high accuracy and resolution. The principle of new instrument is to detect a weight change of a buoyant weight according to a change in water level of raingauge measured by the use of a strain gauge load cell. This method has the advantage of increasing measurement accuracy, since no moving equipment is used. Laboratory test of the instrument was recorded 0.4% error of 190mm rainfall amount. The validity of new instrument was examined by comparing its measured values with values recorded by automatic weather station on June 24 to 25 2001 at Daegu Meteorological Station, when there is 148.3mm rainfall amount. In spite of much rainfall there is only 0.77mm difference of total rainfall amount. This instrument was accomplished high accuracy and resolution at field test in much rainy day.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.302-306
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• 1999

Production of biomass by fed-batch culture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Hansen CBS5926, which is used to treat intestinal disorders, was investigated using ethanol as the sole carbon source. Ethanol was a better carbon source than glucose for high cell density culture of the st-rain since it could decrease the frequency of contamination while increasing the efficiency and final productivity of the fermentation process. Under optimal conditions, 38 g/ℓ of dry cell weight with $2.2{\times}10^{9}$ cfu/㎖ of maximum viable cell count was achieved after 72h cultivation. Freeze-drying of the cultured yeast cells resulted in severe reduction of viability. Of the freeze-drying protectants tested, 20% sucrose and 30% lactose were most effective for the preservation of yeast cells with a viability level of 16.3%. A combination of skim milk and lactose with 20% sucrose(w/v) exerted no synergistic influence upo the viability of the cells during cryopreservation by freeze-drying.