• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.351-362
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• 2024

Objective: To measure inter-reader agreement and identify associated factors in interpreting complete response (CR) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) following chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for rectal cancer. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study involved 10 readers from seven hospitals with experience of 80-10210 cases, and 149 patients who underwent surgery after CRT for rectal cancer. Using MRI-based tumor regression grading (mrTRG) and methods employed in daily practice, the readers independently assessed mrTRG, CR on T2-weighted images (T2WI) denoted as mrCR_T2W, and CR on all images including diffusion-weighted images (DWI) denoted as mrCR_overall. The readers described their interpretation patterns and how they utilized DWI. Inter-reader agreement was measured using multi-rater kappa, and associated factors were analyzed using multivariable regression. Correlation between sensitivity and specificity of each reader was analyzed using Spearman coefficient. Results: The mrCR_T2W and mrCR_overall rates varied widely among the readers, ranging 18.8%-40.3% and 18.1%-34.9%, respectively. Nine readers used DWI as a supplement sequence, which modified interpretations on T2WI in 2.7% of cases (36/1341 [149 patients × 9 readers]) and mostly (33/36) changed mrCR_T2W to non-mrCR_overall. The kappa values for mrTRG, mrCR_T2W, and mrCR_overall were 0.56 (95% confidence interval: 0.49, 0.62), 0.55 (0.52, 0.57), and 0.54 (0.51, 0.57), respectively. No use of rectal gel, larger initial tumor size, and higher initial cT stage exhibited significant association with a higher interreader agreement for assessing mrCR_overall (P ≤ 0.042). Strong negative correlations were observed between the sensitivity and specificity of individual readers (coefficient, -0.718 to -0.963; P ≤ 0.019). Conclusion: Inter-reader agreement was moderate for assessing CR on post-CRT MRI. Readers' varying standards on MRI interpretation (i.e., threshold effect), along with the use of rectal gel, initial tumor size, and initial cT stage, were significant factors associated with inter-reader agreement.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.101-121
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• 2005

The frequency of clinical observation and clinical practice and satisfaction among dental hygiene students were investigated during the clinical practice process. The results were analyzed to come up with a more effective clinical practice program and provide basic data that would aid in actual operation of clinical practice. The tool used in this study was a survey composed of 11 areas with a total of 55 questions. It was distributed to 471 graduating dental hygiene students at 5 different universities. The Cronbach's Alpha coefficient was .975. The data were analyzed using SPSS 10.0 for Windows. Significance was determined at ${\alpha}$=0.05. The results were as follows. 1. The results of analyzing the frequency of clinical observation according to the different clinical areas showed that the score was the highest in the area of basic diagnosis, followed by prosthodontics, operative dentistry, hospital service management, oral surgery, oral radiology, periodontics, preventive dentistry, orthodontics, pediatric dentistry, and oral medicine. 2. The results of analyzing the frequency of clinical performance according to different clinical areas showed that the score was the highest in the area of basic diagnosis, followed by operative dentistry, oral surgery, prosthodontics, oral radiology, pediatric dentistry, orthodontics, oral medicine, preventive dentistry, endodontics and hospital service management 3. The area that showed most significance difference between the frequency of clinical observation and the frequency of clinical performance was the area of hospital service management, followed by prosthodontics, periodontics, preventive dentistry, oral radiology, oral medicine/oral surgery, orthodontics, operative dentistry, and pediatric dentistry. 4. When satisfaction in dental hygiene students was analysed according to different clinical areas, they were most satisfied practicing in basic diagnosis, followed by operative dentistry, prosthodontics, oral surgery, oral radiology, pediatric dentistry, orthodontics, preventive dentistry, hospital service management, periodontics, and oral medicine.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.81 no.5
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• pp.1024-1037
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• 2020

The resource-based relative value scale (RBRVS) compares the value of a medical practice to the consumption of resources, which consist of the work of the physician, practice expenses, and professional liability insurance. At the time of the 2nd revision of RBRVS, the fee for radiological examinations had been reduced due to the high preservation rate. In RBRVS, practice expenses account for most of the compensation of radiological examinations, and physicians' work is relatively undervalued. A new healthcare policy (Moon Jae-In care) consists of the expansion of the National Health Insurance (NHI) coverage, reduction of patient charges for the vulnerable class, and support for catastrophic medical expenses. However, Moon Jae-In care is expected to negatively affect the NHI in Korea financially. The expansion of the insurance coverage for ultrasonography and MRI examinations is a significant part of the Moon Jae-In care, and radiological societies should establish fair compensations for physicians' work within the field of radiology while implementing the Moon Jae-In care.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.84 no.1
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• pp.92-109
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• 2023

In patients with thyroid nodules, ultrasonography (US) has been established as a primary diagnostic imaging method and is essential for treatment decision. The Korean Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (K-TIRADS) is a pattern-based, US malignancy risk stratification system that can easily diagnose nodules during real-time ultrasound examinations. The 2021 K-TIRADS clarified the US criteria for nodule classification and revised the size thresholds for nodule biopsy, thereby reducing unnecessary biopsies for benign nodules while maintaining the appropriate sensitivity to detect malignant tumors in patients without feature of high risk thyroid cancer. Thyroid radiology practice has an important clinical role in the diagnosis and non-surgical treatment of patients with thyroid nodules, and should be performed according to standard practice guidelines for proper and effective clinical care.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.361-370
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• 2021

In this study, a survey was conducted and analyzed to provide basic data on hospital infection control measures and education by identifying awareness and practice of hospital infection control among workers at general hospitals in Busan. As a result of conducting a t-test and one-way ANOVA to see the difference in general variables, the awareness and practice of personal hygiene management were generally low, and the awareness and practice of equipment hygiene management were high. In all areas except for men's personal hygiene management, the level of awareness was higher than the level of practice, confirming that the level of practice was insufficient compared to the level of awareness of infection control. As a result of Pearson's correlation analysis, people with high awareness of infection control showed a high level of practice, so it was thought that raising the awareness of infection control among hospital workers would be effective in preventing hospital infection. Therefore, it is considered that it is necessary to raise the awareness of infection control among workers through continuous education on hospital infection control, and to make efforts of hospital workers to practice it.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.215-217
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• 2017

• Proceedings of the KSMRM Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.17-19
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• 2006

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.442-448
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• 2016

This study was conducted to determine the appropriateness of systemic radiation exposure control for students in clinical practice by comparing radiation exposure in radiography employees at different stations of a hospital with that of students conducting clinical practice using identical stations. Overall, 121 students who conducted clinical practice in the department of radiology area of C university hospital from July 2014 to August 2014 and 62 workers working in the same medical facility (47 in the department of radiology, 8 in the department of radiation oncology, 7 in the department of nuclear medicine) were investigated. The radiation exposure experienced by students was measured for 8 weeks, which is the duration of the clinical practice. Additionally, radiation exposure of workers were classified into 4 groups, department of radiology, department of radiation oncology, and department of nuclear medicine was compared. Dose was measured with OSLD and differences among groups were identified by ANOVA followed by Duncan's multiple range test. Among employees, those in the department of radiology, oncology and nuclear medicine were exposed depth doses of $0.127{\pm}0.331mSv$, $0.01{\pm}0.003mSv$, and $0.431{\pm}0.205mSv$, respectively, while students were exposed to $0.143{\pm}0.136mSv$. Additionally, workers in the department of radiology, oncology and nuclear medicine were exposed to surface doses of $0.131{\pm}0.331mSv$, $0.009{\pm}0.003mSv$, and $0.445{\pm}0.198mSv$, respectively, while students were exposed to $0.151{\pm}0.14mSv$, which was significantly different in both doses (p < 0.01). The average dose that students received is higher than that of the other groups (except for nuclear medicine workers), indicating that further improvements must be made in systemic controls for individual radiation exposure by including the students as subjects of management for protection from radiation.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.39-42
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• 2011

Facial asymmetry is not an uncommon occurrence in day to day dental practice. It can be caused by various etiologic factors ranging from facial trauma to serious hereditary conditions. Here, we report a rare case of non-syndromic facial asymmetry in a young female, who was born with this condition but was not aware of the progression of asymmetry. No relevant family history was recognized. She was also deficient in both deciduous and permanent teeth in the corresponding region of maxilla. Hence, the cause of this asymmetry was believed to be a segmental odontomaxillary hypoplasia of left maxilla accompanied by agenesis of left maxillary premolars and molars and disuse atrophy of corresponding facial musculature. This report briefly discussed the comparative features of segmental odontomaxillary hypoplasia, hemimaxillofacial dysplasia, and segmental odontomaxillary dysplasia and justified the differences between segmental odontomaxillary hypoplasia and the other two conditions.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.134-145
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• 2024

Abnormalities on breast ultrasound (US) images which do not meet the criteria for masses are referred to as nonmass lesions. These features and outcomes have been investigated in several studies conducted by Asian researchers. However, the term "nonmass" is not included in the American College of Radiology (ACR) Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) 5th edition for US. According to the Japan Association of Breast and Thyroid Sonology guidelines, breast lesions are divided into mass and nonmass. US findings of nonmass abnormalities are classified into five subtypes: abnormalities of the ducts, hypoechoic areas in the mammary glands, architectural distortion, multiple small cysts, and echogenic foci without a hypoechoic area. These findings can be benign or malignant; however, focal or segmental distributions and presence of calcifications suggest malignancy. Intraductal, invasive ductal, and lobular carcinomas can present as nonmass abnormalities. For the nonmass concept to be included in the next BI-RADS and be widely accepted in clinical practice, standardized terminologies, an interpretation algorithm, and outcome-based evidence are required for both screening and diagnostic US.