• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• v.48 no.5
• /
• pp.720-729
• /
• 2000

Background : Histological analysis of tuberculosis shows a spectrum of findings, from well formed granulomatous inflammation with few bacilli in patient with normal immune response to M. tuberculosis to poorly formed granulomatous inflammation with many bacilli in patient with defective immune response. To evaluate the degree of immune response to M. tuberculosis, we studied the histologic features, including the presence of acid fast bacilli(AFB) in lymph node of patients with cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis, and compared them with clinical characteristics. Methods : We reviewed the histologic features of 33 cases of cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis and processed the excised nodes for auramine-rhodamine staining to detect AFB. The AFB positivity in tissue was compared with the histologic features(degree of granuloma formation, presence of caseation necrosis, presence of neutrophilic infiltration) and clinical characteristics(lymph node size, duration of symptom, presence of local symptom or radiologic evidence of pulmonary tuberculosis). Results : 1) The mean age at diagnosis was 42.4 years, and male to female ratio was 1:4.5. 2) Histologically, all cases showed well formed granuloma and variable degrees of caseation necrosis, and 39% of the cases showed neutrophilic infiltration in the granulomatous inflammation. 3) AFB were confirmed in 52% of the cases, and they were found extracellularly and at the periphery of caseation necrosis. 4) There was no association between AFB positivity and histological features or clinical characteristics. Conclusion : Cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis showed well formed granulomatous inflammation with caseation necrosis, and there was no association between AFB positivity in the tissue and histological or clinical characteristics.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.21-26
• /
• 1992

From July 1988 through November 1991,26 patients with inoperable arteriovenous malformations were treated with 6 MV linear accelerator at the Kangnam St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic University Medical College. There were 5 females and 21 males with median age of 29 years (range: $6\~63$ years) and median follow up times of 15 months (range: $4\~40$ months). The arteriovenous malformation volumes treated ranged from 1 cm diameter to 3.5 cm rectangular size. The prescribed doses at the isocenter varied from 15 to 30 Gy and were given as a single fraction. To date, all patients performed follow-up not only clinically but also through CT or angiography based radiologic modalities every 6 month. A complete obliteration was achieved in 6 ($23\%$) and partial obliteration in 8 ($31\%$) and no change in 1 ($4\%$). We observed 14 ($54\%$) responsiveness of arteriovenous malformations after radiosurgery by 2 years afterward. Whereas, the decision of the remaining 11 ($42\%$) patients was considered too early to expect the therapeutic response following radiosurgery. No complications through treatment related were observed, yet. Our initial outcome in these first 26 patients with arteriovenous malformations is recommended further follow-up.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• v.32 no.5
• /
• pp.389-395
• /
• 2010

Purpose: Although it is generally accepted that patients with controlled diabetes have similar rates of success for dental implants as healthy individuals, the use of dental implants in diabetic patients is controversial. In addition, the impact of diabetes on the healing of bone associated with immediately place dental implants is not completely understood. The purpose of this study was to measure bone response to implants radiologically in uncontrolled and insulin-controlled diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty rats were divided into control, insulin-treated and diabetic groups. The rats received streptozotocin (60 mg/kg) to induce diabetes; animals in the insulin-treated group also received three units of subcutaneous slow-release insulin. Two titanium implants ($1.2{\times}3$ mm) were placed in the extraction socket of the maxillary first molars of the animals and were harvested at 3 days, 1, 2 and 4 weeks. The bone density was measured by digital radiography using gray-level analysis (histogram) in the regions of interest (ROI) at four points: two mesial and two distal to both sides of the implant. Results: The results showed that the osseointegration of the implants was impaired in the diabetic rats compared to the control and the insulin-treated rats. The radiographic evidence demonstrated marked destruction of bone around the implants in the diabetic group. Both the control and the insulin-treated groups had a significantly higher bone density on radiograph than the diabetic group from the 1 week of the experiment (P<0.05 for each comparison). Conclusion: The present study revealed that the immediate placement of titanium implants in the maxilla of diabetic rat lead to delay in the maturation of bone adjacent to implants. It is expected that the reduced predictability of success of immediate implantation in patient with the uncontrolled diabetes.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.16-23
• /
• 2003

Thermoluminescent properties of $Li_2B_4O_7$ single crystal grown by Czochralski method have been investigated. The high quality $Li_2B_4O_7$ single crystal without core was obtained at rotation speed of 10 rpm for seed crystal and pulling speed below $0.18\;mm{\cdot}h^{-1}$. The structure of $Li_2B_4O_7$ single crystal was classified as tetragonal by XRD analysis. The TL glow curve was composed with three overlapped peaks which can be easily deconvoluted and the TL response of $Li_2B_4O_7$ single crystal TLD to X-ray radiation is linear within the range of $50\;mGy{\sim}1.5\;Gy$. Activation energies of three TL glow peaks analyzed by the various heating rates method and PL spectrum were 0.93, 1.78 and 2.25 eV, respectively.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.3-11
• /
• 1984

The major findings of this investigation on radiographic works in 125 medical institutions around Seoul and Kyung-Ki area, from March 1983 to February 1984, are summarized as follows. 1. The number of references provided on radiographic techniques were 3 to 5 in general hospitals (52.1%), in hospitals (58.5%), and clinics (44.5%), and only the 10.4% of general hospitals had 11 or more. 2. The relatively high percentages of 75.0% of general hospitals and 68.3% of hospitals have established the standardized radiographic methods for regions examined, but most clinics (61.1%) have not. 3. As a log system for the radiographic request, the method of "routine study, or all the x-ray examinations are marked as 0 on a printed form" was most commonly used by general hospitals (62.5%) and hospitals (51.2%), and "the doctors employ their own methods" in most clinics (44.6%). 4. In the 85.4% of general hospitals, the 68.3% of hospitals and the 38.9% of clinics, the data such as diagnosis, clinic history, purpose of x-ray examination were recorded on a radiographic request at all times, or at least in part. 5. On a scale of hardness and easiness of order of doctors, the greatest response was "fairly easy to understand", and the 37.5% of general hospitals responded as "sometimes hard". 6. In determining the standards for radiographic factors, the general hospitals (62.5%) and hospitals (65.9%) adapted mostly "a departmental check list", and the clinics (61.1%) used mainly "a personal decision". 7. In using the immobilizing devices, angligner, and radiographic accessories, the Percentages were high in general hospitals and hospitals on the one hand, and were low in clinics on the other. 8. A consideration with regard to the devices for an improvement of examination of the same patients was totally ignored by the 50.0% of clinics, the 26.8% of hospitals and the 20.8% of general hospitals. 9. The causes of re-examination were due largely to patients (33.6%), and followed proportionately by incorrect exposure (22.8%), errors in positioning (22.0%), film processing faults (9.2%), conditions of x-ray equipments (8.8%), and quality of x-ray films (3.6%). 10. The conference on radiography was conducted regularly or irregularly by the 87.5% of general hospitals, the 56.1% of hospitals, and the 27.7% of clinics, and the meeting was proceeded only by radiologic technologists.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.279-287
• /
• 2017

The purpose of this was to study and analyze smart learning the self directed learning, self efficacy, learning satisfaction about department of radiology in a college. For this study total students 74 in 2classes were surveyed at the end of semester. Compared to use smartphones one group and not use smartphones one group for study in a class. The research data was analyzed using SPSS also self directed learning, self learning efficacy, learning satisfaction analyzed t-test, general character was analyzed two group(one : Used smart learning other : not Used smart learning) ${\chi}^2-test$. First, Used smart learning group is more higher than not Used smart learning group in a self learning efficacy, self directed learning, learning satisfaction. Second, during the smart learning classes a students appeared a positive response. Suggest to change a paradigm in a radiology classes so we have to improve a teaching skills this solution recommend is two way communication. In conclusion, smart learning applied for classes of college is meaningful as a new teaching, which can be change gradually learning satisfaction by teaching methods.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
• /
• v.39 no.4
• /
• pp.661-667
• /
• 2016

The purpose of this was to study and analyze smart learning the self directed learning, self efficacy, learning satisfaction about department of radiology in a college. For this study total students 102 in 3 classes were surveyed at the end of semester. The research data was analyzed using SPSS also self directed learning, self learning efficacy, learning satisfaction analyzed t-test, ANOVA and Pearson's correlation coefficient results were followings. First, Men is more higher than women in a self learning efficacy, self directed learning, learning satisfaction. Second, in a learning satisfaction smart learning ever heard in a first time group more satisfaction. Third, during the smart learning classes a students appeared a positive response. As a results, learning satisfaction will increase a learning when learners need a ability of self control planning and learning motivation by themselves in voluntarily and actively. Suggest to change a paradigm in a radiology classes so we have to improve a teaching skills this solution recommend is two way communication. In conclusion, smart learning applied for classes of college is meaningful as a new teaching, which can be change gradually learning satisfaction by teaching methods.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.211-217
• /
• 2004

Chronic acquired hepatocerebral degeneration(CAHD) is a heterogenous that can occur with a primary neurologic, hepatic, or combined presentation. Symptoms and signs of that included progressive dementia, dysarthria, involuntary movements(including tremor, asterixis, and choreoathetosis), ataxia of limb and gait, typically in a patient with chronic liver cirrhosis. Characteristic radiologic findings is high signal on globus pallidus on T1W1 MRI. Recently, we experienced a patients, a 73-year-old female with CAHD presenting mental change, cognitive deficits, and various involuntary movement. In our patient, T1 weighted MRI of the brain showed symmetric high signal intensity in both basal ganglia. Increased ammonia $level(226{\mu}g/dl)$ in whole blood and a multiple anomalous vessels with spleno-renal shunt on abdominal CT were found. But, liver cirrhosis is absent. In admission care, these mental change and involuntary movements had a good response to herbal medication. We report on patient with CAHD which had a spontaneous spleno-renal shunt without liver disease.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.405-413
• /
• 2020

Expectations and interests in blended learning are increasing as universities respond to the educational flow of transition to e-learning. This study analyzed the difference between the satisfaction of students in the first grade of radiology and the general characteristics of the subjects when applying blended learning. First, the satisfaction according to the class type was the highest in blended learning classes at 47.2%, followed by lecture room classes at 30.6% and remote classes at 22.2%. Second, the place where the remote lecture was watched by viewing the remote class according to the general characteristics was the highest at 94.4%. The most common medium for attending the remote class was using a PC, with 72.2%, and there was no significant difference in the remote class viewing method (p>0.05). Third, the appropriateness of the blended learning, "Remote lectures and lecture room lectures were properly conducted," had the highest score of 4.27±0.70. In addition, there was no significant difference in response to the teaching method according to gender and age (p>0.05). Fourth, the technology and system support,'Technical support and system support must be done when taking a remote lecture,' showed the highest score of 3.41±0.96. The lack of communication between professors and students,'In the remote class, communication between professors and students is insufficient' was the lowest with 2.88±1.00. In addition, there was no significant difference in the improvement of class according to gender and age (p>0.05). Through this study, it was intended to serve as a basis for the plans of blended classes and the policies of schools that introduced blended classes.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
• /
• v.27 no.3
• /
• pp.51-58
• /
• 2004

The gel, which is stained on probe after ultrasonography, is a good circumstances for proliferation of microbe. This study is to investigate into the actual state of sanitary management, recognition degree and infection level of ultrasonographic probes. We had performed a question with telephone to 42 hospitals in Seoul area from December in 2003. We also cultured to obtained a sample from three ultrasonographic units to investigate infection level of the probes. Sanitary management of the probes was performed in 21 hospitals with alcohol cotton. Sanitary management was performed daily in 14 hospitals. Most hospitals used cotton towel for clearing of gel stained on probes. Preventive management against infection was performed in 32 hospitals with vinyl cover, surgical glove, or alcohol sterilization etc. In the recognition degree on infection, the response that using method of ultrasonographic probes is insanitary were in 78.6%(33 hospitals), and 54.8%(23 hospitals) responded that bacteria can be infected through the probes. In the results of germiculture, bacteria and fungi were detected too number of to count, but escherichia coli was not detected. In conclusion, The gel stained on probe after ultrasonography must be cleared completely, and it is necessary that change of recognition on sanitary management.