• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.141-144
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• 2007

Purpose: To statistically evaluate the contributing role of the 3 radiographic factors (Obliquity, Asymmetry, Joint deviation) of the hallux valgus interphalangeus with comparison to the normal control group. Materials and Methods: The study is based on the standing foot AP radiographs of the 77 feet (56 patients) of the hallux valgus interphalangeus out of 119 feet of randomly sampled patients of the age range 20 to 60. Fractures or other foot disorders have been excluded. Obliquity, asymmetry and joint deviation factors formed by proximal and distal phalanges of hallux are measured by one observer and evaluated the statistical significance of the contribution of the 3 factors to the hallux interphalangeal angle (HIA). Results: The average age of the patients were 36.0 years old and average HIA was $14.5^{\circ}{\pm}2.8^{\circ}$. Obliquity was measured $4.8^{\circ}{\pm}2.90^{\circ}$, asymmetry $8.2^{\circ}{\pm}3.28^{\circ}$ and joint deviation $2.0^{\circ}{\pm}1.85^{\circ}$. All 3 factors showed the statistical significance as the contributing factors to the HIA and among them, the asymmetry played the biggest role (p<0.05). Conclusion: Hallux interphalangeal angle is formed by 3 radiographic factors (Obliquity, Asymmetry, Joint deviation), and among them the asymmetry factor plays the biggest role.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.736-744
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• 2005

Statement of problem. Initial stability of implant is an important factor for predicting osseointegration. It requires a rapid, non-invasive, user-friendly technique to frequently assess the implant stability and the degree of osseointegration. Purpose. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between the resonance frequency analysis (RFA) and the radiographic method for peri-implant bone change under in vitro conditions. Material and Method. Twenty implants of 3.75 mm in diameter(Neoplant, Neobiotech, Korea) were used. To simulate peri-implant bone change, 2 mm-deep $45^{\circ}$ range horizontal defect and 2 mm-deep $90^{\circ}$ range horizontal defect area were serially prepared perpendicular to the X-ray beam after conventional implant insertion. Customized film holding device was fabricated to standardize the projection geometry for serial radiographs of implants and direct digital image was obtained. ISQ values and gray values inside threads were measured before and after peri-implant bone defect preparation. Results. Within a limitation of this study, ISQ value of resonance frequency analysis was changed according to peri-implant bone change (p<0.05) and gray value of radiographic method was changed according to peri-implant bone change (p<0.05). There was no correlation between the ISQ value and the gray value for peri-implant bone change (p>0.05). But, in horizontal defect condition, relatively positive correlation were between ISQ and gray values(r=0.663). Conclusion. This results provided a possibility that peri-implant bone change may be evaluated by both RFA and radiographic method.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.194-200
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess and compare the clinical and radiographic outcomes of guided tissue regeneration therapy for human periodontal intrabony defects using two different collagen membranes: a porous nonchemical cross-linking collagen membrane (NC) and a bilayer collagen membrane (BC). Methods: Thirty subjects were randomly assigned and divided into the following 3 groups: a test group (NC+BM), in which a NC was used with xenograft bone mineral (BM), a positive control group (BC+BM), in which a BC was used with xenograft BM, and a negative control group (BM), in which only xenograft BM was used. The following clinical measurements were taken at baseline and 3 months after surgery: plaque index, gingival index, probing pocket depth, gingival recession, and clinical attachment level. Radiographic analysis was performed at baseline, 1 week and 3 months after surgery. Results: Membrane exposure was not observed in any cases. Significant probing depth reduction, attachment-level gain and bone fill were observed for both test and control groups compared to baseline at 3 months after surgery (P<0.05). However, there were no statistically significant differences in clinical improvement and radiographic bone fill between treatment protocols (P>0.05). Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, the results suggest that both NC and BC were comparable in terms of clinical and radiographic outcomes for the treatment of periodontal intrabony defects in human subjects.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제59권6호
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• pp.610-614
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• 2016

Objective : The purpose of this study was to present the outcome of the microsurgical foraminotomy via Wiltse paraspinal approach for foraminal or extraforaminal (FEF) stenosis at L5-S1 level. We investigated risk factors associated with poor outcome of microsurgical foraminotomy at L5-S1 level. Methods : We analyzed 21 patients who underwent the microsurgical foraminotomy for FEF stenosis at L5-S1 level. To investigate risk factors associated with poor outcome, patients were classified into two groups (success and failure in foraminotomy). Clinical outcomes were assessed by the visual analogue scale (VAS) scores of back and leg pain and Oswestry disability index (ODI). Radiographic parameters including existence of spondylolisthesis, existence and degree of coronal wedging, disc height, foramen height, segmental lordotic angle (SLA) on neutral and dynamic view, segmental range of motion, and global lumbar lordotic angle were investigated. Results : Postoperative VAS score and ODI improved after foraminotomy. However, there were 7 patients (33%) who had persistent or recurrent leg pain. SLA on neutral and extension radiographic films were significantly associated with the failure in foraminotomy (p<0.05). Receiver-operating characteristics curve analysis revealed the optimal cut-off values of SLA on neutral and extension radiographic films for predicting failure in foraminotomy were $17.3^{\circ}$ and $24^{\circ}s$, respectively. Conclusion : Microsurgical foraminotomy for FEF stenosis at L5-S1 level can provide good clinical outcomes in selected patients. Poor outcomes were associated with large SLA on preoperative neutral (>$17.3^{\circ}$) and extension radiographic films (>$24^{\circ}$).

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.23-34
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• 2016

PURPOSE: This study aimed to assess the relationship between the severity of radiographic features and pain and function in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). METHODS: Seventy-eight subjects (14 men, 64 women) with KOA, between the ages of 41 and 83 years (mean age, 61.29 years), were included. All the subjects diagnosed with KOA were scored for severity of radiographic KOA according to the Kellgren-Lawrence (K/L) grade, visual analogue scale (VAS), knee joint range of motion (ROM), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), maximum muscle power (MMP), and sit-to-stand (STS) and one-leg standing (OLS) tests. Associations among the K/L grade, diagnosis, pain, and function were examined by correlation analysis. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between the K/L grade, and the VAS, STS test time, and WOMAC scores (p>.05). There were no significant differences between the K/L grade, bilateral ROM, MMP, and left OLS test time (p>.05). However, there was a significant difference between the K/L grade and right OLS test time (p<.05). The K/L grade was negatively correlated with the left OLS test time(r=-.24, p<.05) and with the right OLS test time (r=-.307, p<.01). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that radiographic KOA was not associated with pain, knee MMP, ROM, and STS test time, but had a weak negative correlation with OLS test time.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.24-31
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• 2009

Objective : To investigate the effectiveness of radiographic parameters on segmental instability in the lumbar spine using Kinetic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods : Segmental motion, defined as excessive (more than 3 mm) translational motion from flexion to extension, was investigated in 309 subjects (927 segments) using Kinetic MRI. Radiographic parameters which can help indicate segmental instability include disc degeneration (DD), facet joint osteoarthritis (FJO), and ligament flavum hypertrophy (LFH). These three radiographic parameters were simultaneously evaluated, and the combinations corresponding to significant segmental instability at each level were determined. Results : The overall incidence of segmental instability was 10.5% at L3-L4, 16.5% at L4-L5, and 7.3% at L5-S1. DD and LFH at L3-L4 and FJO and LFH at L4-L5 were individually associated with segmental instability (p<0.05). At L4-L5, the following combinations had a higher incidence of segmental instability (p<0.05) when compared to other segments : (1) Grade IV DD with grade 3 FJO, (2) Grade 2 or 3 FJO with the presence of LFH, and (3) Grade IV DD with the presence of LFH. At L5-S1, the group with Grade III disc and Grade 3 FJO had a higher incidence of segmental instability than the group with Grade I or II DD and Grade 1 FJO. Conclusion : This study showed that the presences of either Grade IV DD or grade 3 FJO with LFH at L4-L5 were good indicators for segmental instability. Therefore, using these parameters simultaneously in patients with segmental instability would be useful for determining candidacy for surgical treatment.

• 치과방사선
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.329-338
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• 1998

The authors examined the condylar position and shape of condylar process from the transcranial radiographs and polytomographs of the 130 temporomandibular joints of 65 patients who complained symptoms of temporomandibular disorder and the followings were obtained; 1. The age and sex distribution of the 65 patients showed peak incidence in 2nd decade (27.7％) followed by 3rd (18.5％) and 4th decade (18.5％) and female predominance (87.7％). 2. In polytomography 64 joints (49.2％) showed consistent condylar position from lateral to medial and 39 joints (30.0％) of them showed agreement with those of transcranial radiographs. Among the 66 joints (50.8％) which showed changes in condylar position. 48 joints (36.9％) showed agreement with lateral and central tomographic and transcranial radiographic position. 41 joints (31.5％) showed disagreement in condylar position between the polytomographic and transcranial radiographic images. 3. When the condylar position was classified as anterior, central and posterior. the posterior position was the most frequent position, that is . 42.3％ of the transcranial radiography and 42.3％.49.2％ and 38.5％ of the lateral, central and medial polytomographic radiographs. 4. In polytomography 84 joints (64.6％) showed consistent condylar shape from lateral to medial and 74 joints (56.9％) of them showed agreement with those of transcranial radiographs. Among the 46 joints (35.4％) which showed changes in condylar shape. 40 joints (30.1％) showed agreement with lateral and central tomographic and transcranial radiographic shape. 41 joints (31.5％) showed disagreement in condylar shape between the polytomographic and transcranial radiographic images.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.477-482
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• 2011

Introduction: Bone regeneration of cystic defects of the jaws after a cyst treatment requires lengthy healing periods. Generally, the bony changes are observed periodically through a visual radiographic reading as well as by the clinical opinion and radiographic images (panorama, periapical view), but it is difficult to compare the objective bony changes using only the radiographic density. In addition, it is difficult to observe minute bony changes through a visual radiographic reading, which can lead to a subjective judgment. This study exmined the bone density after the enucleation of a jaw cyst by fractal analysis. Materials and Methods: Eighteen patients with a cystic lesion on the jaw were assessed. Panoramic radiographs were taken preoperatively, immediately postoperatively, and 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after cyst enucleation. The images were analyzed by fractal analysis. Results: The mean fractal dimensions increased immediately after surgery and 3, 6 and 12 months postoperatively. The postoperative 6 and 12 months fractal dimension was similar to the controls. Conclusion: Fractal analysis was used to overcome the limit of a subjective reading during an assessment of bone regeneration after cyst enucleation.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.347-357
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• 1997

An accurate working length is an essential factor in the success of endodontic treatment. There are several methods for determining working length; electronic apex locator, tactile sense by clinician, and radiography. Among these methods, the most commonly used method is radiography. But this method requires excessive radiation, long developing time, and many equipments. In additon, it could give an image distortion and two dimensional image. To improve these disadvantages, an intraoral digital radiographic system (Digora$^{(R)}$) which use an imaging plate instead of a film, was developed. The purpose of this investigation was to compare Digora imaging with conventional radiography in determining the working length. Maxillary first or second molars of human dried skull were used. Files were inserted into canals at randomly selected lengths, from 2mm short of the radiographic apex to 2rnm beyond. Radiographs and Digora images(Digora positive and Digora negative) were evaluated to determine the adjustment needed to place the file 0.5mm from the radiographic apex. The results were as follows ; 1. There was no significant difference in accuracy between those evaluated in ${\pm}0.5mm$ and those accurately evaluated in the 3 images. 2. When comparing the accuracy of each image without distinguishing the 3 images, in the group accurately determined within ${\pm}0.5mm$, the mesiobuccal group showed significantly higher accuracy compared to the palatal group(p<0.05).

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.207-211
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• 2002

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence, radiographic appearance, and characteristics of patients with zygomatic air cell defect (ZACD), and to give recommendations concerning radiographic evaluation and surgery. Materials and Methods: Routine panoramic radiographs of 1,400 patients admitted to the Kyungpook National University Hospital Dental Clinic, were retrospectively examined for the clinical and radiographic features of ZACD. Results: ZACD was found in 31 cases, representing a prevalence of 2.2%. Patients with ZACD had a mean age of 27.5 years and a range of 9-52 years. Most ZACD cases were in their thirties. ZACD showed a strong male prediliction, 22 of the 31 subjects were males and 9 were females. Twenty-four cases of ZACD (77.4%) were unilateral, with the half occurring on the right side. In seven cases (22.6%), ZACD was bilateral. Twenty-six (68.4%) of the defects were of unilocular, while twelve (31.6%) of the defects were multilocular. Conclusion: Knowledge of ZACD may be helpful in interpreting images, including panoramic radiographs, in planning surgical treatment of the TMJ and in understanding the spread of pathological processes into the joint.