• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.9-13
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• 2011

Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS), which enables visualization of lesions beyond the bronchus, broadens the fields of bronchoscopy. Two types of ultrasound, radial and linear, are used for bronchoscopy. Radial EBUS is performed by inserting an ultrasound mini-probe through the working channel of a flexible bronchoscope. Evaluation of the depth of invasion of early endobronchial lung cancers using radial EBUS is useful in deciding endobronchial treatment. A central tumor limited to within the cartilaginous layer is a good indication for endobronchial photodynamic therapy. EBUS-guide sheath (GS) technique is a sampling method assisted by localization of peripheral lesions using EBUS. The diagnostic yield of EBUS-GS method is higher than that of conventional transbronchial biopsy. High diagnostic values of EBSU-GS method are reported even in small (${\leq}2cm$) peripheral tumors. Linear EBUS is used for endobronchial ultrasound guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA). EBUS-TBNA has high diagnostic yields in mediastinal staging of lung cancer even in patients having radiologically early stage lung cancers with normal CT or PET findings in the mediastinum. EBUS is a valuable method in evaluating early endobronchial tumors and peripheral small lung cancers and as well as in mediastinal staging.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.13-22
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• 2010

Objectives: The information on the depth where pulse wave appears is as important as pulse waveform. The aim of this study was to classify pulse pattern using pressure-height(P-H) volume-curve by 5 applied pressure levels to find out the information on the depth of pulse and interpret the floating & sinking pulse in oriental medical pulse diagnosis. Methods: We used 3 dimensional pulse imaging analyser (DMP-3000, DAEYOMEDI Co., Korea), which measures radial pulse waveforms noninvasively by way of tonometric method at 5 applied pressure levels, and shows P-H volume-curves by applied pressure. 448 subjects were enrolled, pulse waveforms were measured and the P-H volume-curves were gained on the three locations of Chon, Kwan, and Cheok. Results: Gained P-H volume curves were classified into 3 types ; increase type, decrease type, and increase-decrease type. Increase-decrease type appeared more often on Chon and Kwan, while increase type appeared more often on Cheok. In a few cases, decrease-type appeared on Chon and Kawn, however it never appeared on Cheok. Conclusions: Through the classification of pulse by P-H volume-curve, we gained the information on the depth of pulse. We speculate the decrease type as floating pulse, the increase-decrease type as middle pulse, and the increase type as sinking pulse in oriental medical pulse diagnosis. After more researches on P-H volume-curve by applied pressure, the P-H volume-curve may be used as an important factor for pulse diagnosis.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.59-67
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• 2008

This study aims to find out the characteristics and the type classification of contemporary public libraries in terms of browsing circuit. In so doing, it is to analyze 21 recently built libraries by using the browsing circuit, the spatial depth and the spatial layout. The study makes use of codes derived from the concept of 'Classification' and 'Frame' suggested by a pedagogist, Basil Bernstein. As a result, it shows that two codes are phased in overseas cases. In other words, one type is a lower depth of space and a high rate of rings with the multi-layer circuits and the three-dimensional circuit of multi-centered. the other type is the higher depth of space and a low rate of rings with the single-layer circuit and the multi-layer circuit of single-centered. In domestic cases, 4 types are shown. The characteristics of layout are seen as a radial shape and the rate of rings is lower than the overseas cases. It can be said that these results are a transitional phenomenon. For browsing circuit, domestic public libraries would be adapted to the three-dimensional circuit of multi-centered, a lower depth of space and a high rate of rings. By instructions of this plan, the real meaning of a public library will be come true.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1993.10b
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• pp.302-306
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• 1993

In this study, a new model for flexible disk grinding process will be proposed. A grinding mechanism with a grinding disk attached to the rubber platen has been introduced. Since the spinning axis is fixed and only the disk is deflected with respect to this axis, earlier model is not adequate to represent this proces. A new dynamic process model includes an assumption that the disk is deflected locally around the middle of its radial span between the spinning axis and the disk tip instead of several continuous deflection points along the radial span of the disk. Detailed kinematic analysis is proposed as for the removed portion during the process. Cutting force comonent and depth of cut profile trend is compared with the measured result.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.639-652
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• 2002

The present study aims to improve an existing model for the prediction of deceleration time history, penetration depth and forces on ogive and conical nose shaped missiles under normal impact into geo-material targets. The actual ogive nose shaped missile has been considered in the analysis and the results thus obtained have been compared with the existing model and significant improvements are found. A close proximity in the results has also been observed with the experimental values. The results of ogive nose shaped missile have also been compared with equivalent conical nose shaped missile. Variation of radial stresses along nose length and radial direction has been studied. Effect of CRH on missile penetrating performance has been investigated.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.16-21
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• 2004

As a new approach to analyze grinding energy, this paper introduces a specific grinding energy model based on the average grain. Using this model, grinding characteristics such as radial and tangential forces, specific grinding energy of SM45C were investigated altering grinding variables such as workpiece velocity(v) and apparent depth of cut(Z) in down-surface grinding. From the experimental results, there is no significant difference between the radial, tangential forces and vertical. horizontal forces because of small contact angle between wheel and workpiece. The specific grinding energy decreases as the maximum undeformed chip thickness increases. But, there is much difference between the specific grinding energies of the existing and the proposed model.

• Journal of Species Research
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.273-279
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• 2020

We describe a newly recorded brittle star to South Korea, Amphiura (Amphiura) digitula (H.L. Clark, 1911), that was collected from Geoje Island, at a depth of 47 m. The species is characterized by a small disk, covered by numerous fine scales, small radial shields that are wider than long, a small stumpy hook at the distal end of the radial shield, two tooth papilla, two adoral shield spines, 2nd adoral shield spine longer than other, tapered dramatically toward dull tip, five arms with four proximal arm spines, and two tentacle scales. We also obtained a 657 bp sequence from COI gene and the amplified sequence matched the general DNA barcoding region. The NJ and ML phylogenetic analyses revealed A. (A.) digitula as monophyletic in the Amphiura clade. This species is clearly distinguished from other Amphiura species by morphological characteristics and the mitochondrial COI sequence, and thus represents the sixth Amphiura species reported to occur in Korea.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.301-306
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• 2004

Soil stresses were measured beneath the centerline of one new 12.4R28 radial-ply tractor tire. The tire was operated with three inflation pressures(59㎪ 108㎪ and 157㎪) and a dynamic load of 14.2 kN and 20% slip. Soil stress state transducer(SST) measured the stresses in a hardpan soil profile. The depth of the SST was 250mm from soil surface. Analysis of the original soil stress data showed that the inflation pressure of tire did significantly affect the vertical stress. The major principal stresses calculated were more when the inflation pressure was 108㎪ than when it was 157㎪. The peak stresses of the major principal stresses presented more than those of the vertical stresses.

• Proceedings of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea Conference
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.3-7
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• 2003

The velocity structure beneath the CHNB broadband station is determined by receiver function analysis using by from teleseismic P waveforms. The detailed broadband receiver functions are obtained by stacking method for source-equalized vertical, radial and tangential components of teleseismic P waveforms. A time domain inversion uses the stacked radial receiver function to determine vertical P wave velocity structure beneath the station. The crustal velocity structures beneath the stations are estimated using the receiver function inversion method in the case at the crustal model parameterized by many thin, flat-lying, homogeneous layers. Events divide into 4 groups. four azimuths corresponding to events in group a(southwest), b(south), c(southeast), d(northeast). The result of crust at model inversion shows the crustal velocity structure beneath the CHNB station varies smoothly with increasing depth. The conard discontinuity lies around 18 km and moho discontinuity lies range from 30 to 34 km.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.27-33
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• 2007

The shear spinning has been used to produce thin angled cone of parts, with reduced forming force and enhanced mechanical and surface quality for a good finished part, compared with other method formed parts. So shear spinning technique is used widely in industrial production. Especially shear spinning and flow forming techniques are used frequently in automotive, aerial, defense industry. In this paper, finite element method analysis of shear spinning for a cone shape workpiece is carried out to study effects of forming depth and lead angle on forming force. The axial and radial forces on several forming depth and lead angle conditions are obtained.