• BMB Reports
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.337-341
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• 2012

Different from humans, who have a continuous dentition of teeth, mice have only three molars and one incisor separated by a toothless region called the diastema in the hemi mandibular arch. Although tooth buds form in the embryonic diastema, they regress and do not develop into teeth. In this study, we evaluated the proteins that modulate the diastema formation through comparative analysis with molar-forming tissue by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy (LC-MS/MS) proteome analysis. From the comparative and semi-quantitative proteome analysis, we identified 147 up- and 173 down-regulated proteins in the diastema compared to the molar forming proteins. Based on this proteome analysis, we selected and evaluated two candidate proteins, EMERIN and RAB7A, as diastema tissue specific markers. This study provides the first list of proteins that were detected in the mouse embryonic diastema region, which will be useful to understand the mechanisms of tooth development.

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.51-72
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• 2016

Background: Adolescent mothers may find the transition to motherhood to be overwhelming when compared to adult mothers. The adaptiveness of mother and infant feeding behaviors may greatly influence the quality of adolescent mothers' feeding interactions when compared to adult mothers. Purpose: To examine the adaptiveness of early maternal and infant feeding behavior between adolescent mothers and adult mothers. Method: In this secondary analysis, six adolescent mothers (< 20 years old) and six adult mothers were videotaped while feeding. The mothers were observed 3 times: when the infants were in the hospital, 1 month old, and 4 months old. The videotapes were coded using four scales of the Parent-Child Early Relational Assessment (PCERA). The two maternal scales were Positive Affective Involvement and Sensitivity/Responsiveness (PAISR) and Regulation of Affect and Behavior (RAB). The two infant scales were Infant Positive Affect, Communication, and Social Skills (IPACS) and Infant Regulation of Affect and Behavior (IRAB). The dyads were videotaped just before hospital discharge and at one and four months corrected age. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to examine the difference in the PCERA between the two groups. Results: Adolescent mothers had a significantly lower score on the PAISR before hospital discharge (p-value 0.005) and at one month corrected age (p-value 0.008) than adult mothers. Adolescent mothers also had a significantly lower score on the RAB before hospital discharge, 1 and 4 months corrected age than adult mothers. There were no significant differences in IPACS and IRAB of infants of adolescent and adult mothers. Conclusion: Clinicians need to be aware of the differences in sensitivity that occur.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.27-40
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• 1999

This study was focused on the evaluation of MarB alongside with MarA for its regulatory effects upon the efflux function of AcrAB pump, which were induced or not, perhaps as a target. Transductions of marR and/or acrAB mutation which were derived from Mar and/or AcrAB mutants of wild type E. coli K-12, respectively, into the multicopy plasmid in wild type E. coli backgrounds or into the chromosome of isogenic parents were done. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of transduced mutants was compared with their original mutants. This study reports the indirect evidences that suggests a model in which MarB along with MarA have a putative negative regulatory effect upon the efflux function of AcrAB/TolC pump while MarA alone have a positive regulatory effect to the expression of acrRAB operon at transcription level. The target of MarB with MarA for its putative negative regulator might be the AcrAB efflux pump. Another efflux system (s) might be negatively regulated by MarB with MarA, and be involved in the efflux of antibiotics which were otherwise extruded preferentially by AcrAB efflux pump.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.109-109
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• 2017

The core components of ABA-dependent gene expression signaling have been identified in Arabidopsis and rice. This signaling pathway consists of four major components; group A OsbZIPs, SAPKs, subclass A OsPP2Cs and OsPYL/RCARs in rice. These might be able to make thousands of combinations through interaction networks resulting in diverse signaling responses. We tried to characterize those gene functions using transient gene expression for rice protoplasts (TGERP) because it is instantaneous and convenient system. Firstly, in order to monitor the ABA signaling output, we developed reporter system named pRab16A-fLUC which consists of Rab16A promoter of rice and luciferase gene. It responses more rapidly and sensitively to ABA than pABRC3-fLUC that consists of ABRC3 of HVA1 promoter in TGERP. We screened the reporter responses for over-expression of each signaling components from group A OsbZIPs to OsPYL/RCARs with or without ABA in TGERP. OsbZIP46 induced reporter most strongly among OsbZIPs tested in the presence of ABA. SAPKs could activate the OsbZIP46 even in the ABA independence. Subclass A OsPP2C6 and -8 almost completely inhibited the OsbZIP46 activity in the different degree through the SAPK9. Lastly, OsPYL/RCAR2 and -5 rescued the OsbZIP46 activity in the presence of SAPK9 and OsPP2C6 dependent on ABA concentration and expression level. By using TGERP, we could characterize successfully the effects of ABA dependent gene expression signaling components in rice. In conclusion, TGERP represents very useful technology to study systemic functional genomics in rice or other monocots.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.20-27
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• 2007

This paper presents a detailed experimental study on the durability properties of mortar matrix made with two kind of recycled fine aggregates(RAA, RAB) and five replacement levels (0, 25, 40, 75 and 100) of the recycled fine aggregates as a partial replacement of natural fine aggregate (NA). The durability properties of mortar matrix was evaluated using compressive strength, chloride ion ingress, sulfate attack and carbonation. The test results indicated that the water absorption and Adhered mortar of the recycled fine aggregate was a major factor controlling durability properties. Hereafter, when using built recycled fine aggregate is expected, appropriate removal Adhered mortar and reasonable replacement ratio of recycled fine aggregates was 25% weight of cement are advised to apply to the concrete materials.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.466-472
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• 2023

Exon skipping is an efficient technique to inhibit specific gene expression induced by a short-sequence peptide nucleic acid (PNA). To date, there has been no study on the effects of PNA on skin pigmentation. In melanocytes, the tripartite complex is responsible for the transport of mature melanosomes from the nucleus to the dendrites. The tripartite complex is composed of Rab27a, Mlph (Melanophilin), and Myosin Va. Defects in the protein Mlph, a melanosome transport-related protein, are known to cause hypopigmentation. Our study shows that Olipass peptide nucleic acid (OPNA), a cell membrane-permeable PNA, targets exon skipping in the Mlph SHD domain, which is involved in Rab27a binding. Our findings demonstrate that OPNA induced exon skipping in melan-a cells, resulting in shortened Mlph mRNA, reduced Mlph protein levels, and melanosome aggregation, as observed by microscopy. Therefore, OPNA inhibits the expression of Mlph by inducing exon skipping within the gene. These results suggest that OPNA, which targets Mlph, may be a potential new whitening agent to inhibit melanosome movement.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.227-234
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• 2024

This study was designed to compare the whitening effects of 60% ethanol extracts of Trigonotis radicans var. sericea (TR) and Lactobacillus brevis-fermented T. radicans var. sericea (FTR). Measurement of cytotoxicity in B16-F10 melanoma cells to confirm the whitening effect, FTR showed higher cell viability than TR. FTR showed inhibitory activity on melanin contents similar to the normal group at concentrations of 50 and 100 ㎍/mL. MITF expression was used to confirm the effect on melanogenesis-related protein expression. TR and FTR showed significant concentration-dependent decrease, and FTR showed lower expressions than the normal group at concentrations of 25, 50, and 100 ㎍/mL. Additionally, the mRNA expression of melanogenesis-related genes (MC1R, Rab27a, TGF-β1 and Myo5a) were measured by RT-qPCR to confirm the whitening effect. In MC1R expression at a concentration of 100 ㎍/mL in FTR showed effective inhibitory activities, and in TGF-β1 expression, TR and FTR both showed effective activities compared to normal groups even at low concentrations. Results of myo5a and Rab27a, a similar pattern was shown, and FTR showed effective inhibitory activities at a concentration of 100 ㎍/mL. As a result, FTR had higher whitening effects through bioconversion and is expected to be a good material for whitening functional cosmetics.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Life Science Conference
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• 2005.04a
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• pp.181-181
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• 2005

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.244-245
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• 2001

산폐유의 농도를 l~8% 까지 단계별로 조정하여 P. aeruginosa EMS1과 mutant strain A34의 유화활성 및 생육도, 표면장력 등을 서로 비교하였다. P. aeruginosa의 경우 1%의 산폐유가 첨가되었을 때 유화활성이 가장 높았으며, 1~3%까지 유화활성이 높게 나타났으며, mutant strain의 경우 2%에서 가장 높은 유화활성 값을 나타내었고, 1~3%까지 유화활성이 높게 유지되었다. P. aeruginosa EMS1 및 mutant strain A34 모두 4% 농도에서 가장 높게 나타났다. 표면장력과 biosurfactant의 상대적인 양을 나타내는 Fcmc의 경우 P. aeruginosa EMS1 보다 mutant strain A34가 우수하게 나타났다. PCR 결과 P. aeruginosa EMS1은 rhlamnolipid의 coding 유전자인 rhlRAB gene을 가지는 것으로 확인되었다.

• BMB Reports
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• v.52 no.9
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• pp.533-539
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• 2019

Recent evidence from genetics, animal model systems and biochemical studies suggests that defects in membrane trafficking play an important part in the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease (PD). Mutations in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) constitute the most frequent genetic cause of both familial and sporadic PD, and LRRK2 has been suggested as a druggable target for PD. Although the precise physiological function of LRRK2 remains largely unknown, mounting evidence suggests that LRRK2 controls membrane trafficking by interacting with key regulators of the endosomal-lysosomal pathway and synaptic recycling. In this review, we discuss the genetic, biochemical and functional links between LRRK2 and membrane trafficking. Understanding the mechanism by which LRRK2 influences such processes may contribute to the development of disease-modifying therapies for PD.