• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2008년도 추계학술대회A
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• pp.1609-1612
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• 2008

RQ(Respiratory Quotient) value is obtained from the ratio of the consumed oxygen and the produced carbon dioxide during the patient's respiration. To investigate the efficacy of insulin and diagnosis the metabolic disorder in short time, the RQ value can be used as important parameter. The measurement of oxygen and carbon dioxide amounts is needed large chamber and complex sensors. But If the atmospheric oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations do not change, the expiratory oxygen and carbon dioxide can be used to obtain RQ value. A convenient RQ measuring device has been developed by using two sensors for O2 and CO2. The estimation of RQ devices confirms that the RQ device can obtain accurate data by eliminating uncertain factor such as delay time and remaining gases.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.153-168
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• 2000

This paper presents four incompatible but convergent Rational quadrilateral elements, two four-node elements (RQ4Z and RQ4B) and two five-node elements (RQ5Z and RQ5B). The difference between the so-called Rational Finite Element (Zhong and Zeng 1996) and the Free Formulation (Bergan and Nygard 1984) are discussed and compared. The importance of the mode completeness in these formulations is emphasized. Numerical results for several benchmark problems show the good performance of these elements. The two five-nodes elements RQ5Z and RQ5B, which can be viewed as complete quadratic mode elements (with seven stress modes), always give better results than the four nodes elements RQ4Z and RQ4B.

• 물과 미래
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.53-67
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• 1994

낙동강 중류부에서의 수질해석을 위한 확정론적 수질모형을 개발하였으며 확정론적 수질해석 모형 RQ1은 수리, 수문학적 해석을 위한 RQ1-1과 수질해석을 위한 RQ1-2로 구성되어 있다. 낙동강 중류부의 수질 해석을 위하여 왜관에서 진동에 이르는 이 유역의 월별 평균유량과 최소유량을 산정하였고 하도단면의 기하학적 특성을 기초로 하여 불등유해석을 실시하므로써 수질해석에 필요한 수리학적 특성치를 계산하였다. 확정론적 수질해석모형에 의한 수질해석 결과 BOD의 최대지점은 금호강 합류점 또는 진천천 합류점, DO의 최소 지점은 현풍하류부로 나타났다. 수질모형에 의한 계산결과치는 수개지점에서의 실측지와 합리적인 범위내에서 일치되고 있었으며 이 유역에서 목표수질에 도달하기 위한 금호강에서의 최대 BOD 허용부하량을 산정하여 제시하였다.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.9-17
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• 2002

본 연구에서는 Butacene과 ${Bi_2}{O_3}$함량 변화에 따라 혼합된 추진제 8종을 대상으로 Shotgun/RQ Bomb 시험에 의한 추진제 폭연 특성을 살펴보았다. 추진제 연소속도와 기계적 특성은 추진제 폭연 특성에 크게 영향을 줄 수 있는 인자로 알려져 있다. 바인더이면서 연소촉매로 작용하는 Butacene(Ferrocene grafted HTPB)의 함량이 5.5% 이상에서는 탄속 135 m/s에서 모두 연소되었는데, 이는 Butacene이 고속으로 충격시 매우 민감한 물질로 작용함을 알 수 있었다 시험 결과 추진제의 연소속도가 압력 1500 psia에서 25 mm/s 이하의 추진제는 UN Test Series 7c(ii) 규격을 만족하였다. 현재까지의 결과로 볼 때 추진제의 폭연 특성은 추진제의 연소속도에 의존하는 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.101-104
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• 2016

More than 100 γ−ray pulsars have been discovered by the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. With a significantly enlarged sample size, it is possible to compare the properties of different classes. Radio-quiet (RQ) γ−ray pulsars form a distinct population, and various studies have shown that the properties of the RQ population can be intrinsically different from those of radio-loud (RL) pulsars. Utilizing these differences, it is possible to further classify the pulsar-like unidentified γ−ray sources into sub-groups. In this study, we suggest the possibility of distinguishing RQ/RL pulsars by their spectral shape. We compute the probabilities of a pulsar to be RQ or RL for a given spectral curvature. This can provide a key to the estimation of the intrinsic fraction of radio-quietness in the γ−ray pulsar population, which can place a tight constraint on the emission geometry.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.456-468
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• 2020

Vietnam is becoming a leading country in the consumption of Korean wave. Many Vietnamese students have visited Korea due to a significant interest in the Korean wave. This study used focus group interviews with 12 Vietnamese female students in order to examine the experience of the Korean wave acceptance (RQ1), the experience of internalization toward ideal beauty (RQ2) and differences of internalization towards ideal beauty depending on the living period in Korea (RQ3). First, the results of RQ1 showed that Vietnamese students were accepting the Korean wave through media, Korean and social interaction in their daily lives. They also have a positive attitude toward Korean cosmetics and K-pop among various content of the Korean wave. Second, four focal meanings were composed through RQ2. They were the standards of ideal beauty, the causes of ideal beauty internalization and the results of ideal beauty internalization. The results of ideal beauty internalization were separated into the perception dimension and behavior dimension. Last, the results of RQ3 found that the strength of internalization of ideal beauty can very depending on the living period in Korea. This study has academic implications in that it understands Vietnamese female students who become a member of Korean society from a sociocultural perspective. The results of this study are useful to establish practical implications for young Vietnamese consumers to build desirable aesthetic values.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.675-690
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• 2019

Objective: This study investigated the effect of diet and roughage quality (RQ) on dry matter intake, duration and number of daytime and night-time eating bouts, idling sessions and ruminating activities in small ruminants. Methods: In Exp 1 and 2, RQ was improved by urea treatment of veld hay, while diet quality was improved by supplementing with Lucerne hay (Exp 3), sunflower meal and lespedeza (Exp 4), fish meal (Exp 5a), and sunflower meal (Exp 5b). In all experiments goats and sheep were blocked by weight and randomly allocated to experimental diets. Day-time (06:00 to 18:00 h) and night time (18:00 to 06:00 h) feeding behaviour activities were recorded. Results: RQ affected rumination index in Exp 1, but not in Exp 2, 3, and 5. Time spent eating and ruminating was affected by RQ (Exp 1, 3, and 4), period of day (all experiments) and their interaction (Exp 1). Intake rates (g/bout and g/min) were similar across diets. Period of day affected the duration of rumination sessions (Exp 1, 2, and 3); diet or RQ affected the duration of eating bouts (Exp 3) and rumination sessions (Exp 1 and 2). RQ had a significant effect on the duration of eating sessions in Exp 3 only, whilst period of day affected this same behaviour in Exp 2 and 3. Generally, goats and sheep fed on roughage alone ruminate at night and eat more during the day but those fed a roughage and supplemented with Lucerne hay spent more time ruminating than eating. Time spent eating and ruminating had positive correlations to crude protein and feed intake. Intake rates had strong positive correlations to intake. Conclusion: Chewing time, number of eating and ruminating sessions, and duration of eating bouts are physiologically controlled in small ruminants, though chewing time requires isometric scaling during modelling of intake.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.11-23
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• 2009

Chromosomal rearrangements are major pathology in hematological malignancies. The detection of minimal residual disease (MRD) for these gene rearrangements helps in monitoring treatment outcomes and predicting prognosis of patients. Recently, quantification of these gene transcripts based on real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR) has been used as MRD detection. The purpose of this study is to ensure the usefulness of the RQ-PCR technique for detecting MRD in hamatological malignancy patients. The patients had been diagnosed to AML1-ETO positive AML, PML-RARa positive AML and BCR-ABL positive MPN at Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital from Jan. 2006 to Aug. 2008. The fusion transcript was quntified by RQ-PCR and analyzed in comparison to conventional cytogenetics, FISH and RT-PCR. The fusion gene transcript was quantified by RQ-PCR in 57 samples from 14 patients with AML1-ETO positive AML, 79 samples from 27 patients with PML-RARa positive AML and 108 samples from 36 patients with CML. At diagnosis, the quantitative fusion transcripts for AM1-ETO, PML-RARa and BCR-ABL showed the range of 0.485552651~10.82233683 (mean 3.782217131, SD 2.998052348), 0.005300395~0.29267494 (mean 0.056901315, SD 0.080131381) and 0.1293929~12.94826849 (mean 1.701935665, SD 2.200913158). The increase of AML1-ETO fusion gene transcripts preceded morphologic relapse in two patients. Quantification of fusion gene transcripts by RQ-PCR could detected MRD in samples which were negative by in cytogenetic analysis or FISH. Our findings indicated that quantitative analysis of AML1-ETO, PML-RARa and BCR-ABL transcripts by RQ-PCR might be a useful tool for the monitoring of minimal residual disease in hematological malignancies.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.520-529
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• 2016

본 연구의 목적은 중고도-장기체공 무인기의 성능을 역설계를 통해 분석하는 것이며, 역설계를 위한 모델로 RQ-1 Predator를 선정하였다. CATIA 프로그램을 사용하여 RQ-1 Predator의 외형에 대한 형상과 중량 분포를 생성하였다. RQ-1 Predator의 공력특성은 주로 와류격자법과 경험식을 조합하여 수행하였으며, 추진 성능은 Howe의 경험식을 통해 수행되었다. 상승률, 실용상승한도, 항속 거리, 그리고 체공 시간에 대한 역설계를 수행하였으며, 역설계 결과가 참고문헌과 잘 일치함을 확인하였다.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제16권1_2호
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• pp.539-550
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• 2004

We consider communication or computer systems that have the average memory occupancy and congestion. A certain system may be reduced further if new processes are admitted only when the number of processes queued at the processor is below a certain threshold, run queue cutoff(RQ). We show that response time of a process is invariant with respect to RQ when processes do not communicate each other. The invariance property is considered with the evolution of the queue lengths as point processes and demonstrate it numerically using matrix-geometric methods. We illustrate the RQ invariance property.