• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.839-851
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the effects of aroma-therapy combined with heat application on pain, ROM of lower limb joints, and discomfort from activities of daily living(ADL) among the patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Methods: Aroma blended oil was rubbed over the knees and ankles of 19 experimental group A and 20 B, and then heat therapy was given using an electric hot & wet poultice pad to only group A. There was no treatment on the 19 control group. There was measured for pain, ROM of lower limb joints and discomfort of ADL. The data was analyzed using SPSS Win 11.0 program. Results: In comparing the effects of pain reduction by time, the ROM of lower limb joints, and discomfort of ADL, there were significant differences among three groups. There was no significant difference between experimental group in pain scale by time, range of ROM of knee and ankle joint and discomfort of ADL. Conclusion: On the basis of results, aroma-therapy can be applied as a nursing intervention to reduce pain for not only rheumatoid arthritis patients but also for other patients with other diseases.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.15-21
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• 2018

Background: This study was undertaken to compare the outcome of supervised and home exercises with respect to range of motion (ROM), pain, and Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE). We further correlated the ROM recovery and pain reduction as well. Methods: The study included 49 patients who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Rehabilitation was initiated after 4 weeks of immobilization. A total of 29 patients performed supervised exercise 3 times a week. Standardized education and brochures for review were provided to the remaining 20 patients who insisted on home rehabilitation. Statistical analysis was performed for comparing pain Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), SANE, and ROM. In addition, we also evaluated the correlation between pain and ROM. Results: Comparison of the two groups revealed no significant differences in forward flexion, internal rotation, abduction, and pain NRS. However, SANE at the 9th week (63.8 vs. 55.0, p=0.038) and improvement of external rotation from the 5th to the 9th week (17.6 vs. 9.3, p=0.018) were significantly higher in the supervised exercise group as compared to the home exercise group. Correlation of pain NRS with forward flexion, external rotation, internal rotation and abduction were statistically not significant (correlation coefficient=0.032 [p=0.828], -0.255 [p=0.077], 0.068 [p=0.642], and -0.188 [p=0.196], respectively). Conclusions: The supervised rehabilitation after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair showed better improvement in external rotation and higher SANE score after 4 weeks of rehabilitation exercise. However, no statistically significant correlation was observed between the recovery of ROM and short-term pain relief.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.279-284
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• 2014

PURPOSE: This study intended to verify whether there was actual correlation between weight-bearing asymmetry and a limitation in hip joint rotation range in patients with low back pain. METHODS: Thirty five low back pain patients voluntarily participated this study. For each participant, hip joint medial rotation symmetry rate and the weight-bearing symmetry rate were calculated. The correlation between the two variables was investigated. RESULTS: A decrease in the left hip joint medial rotation range of motion (ROM) was observed more often than a reduction in the right hip joint medial rotation ROM. However, similar number between right and left side was observed in ground reaction force more weighted. The coefficient between the passive hip joint medial rotation symmetry rate and the weight loading symmetry ratio was -0.19 (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrated a weak correlation between the hip joint medial rotation ROM and the weight distribution of both feet. Such result suggests that careful evaluation by separating each element is needed in treating patients with low back pain. Future research should take into account asymmetric alignment and abnormal movement in different joints of the body as well as asymmetry in the bilateral hip joint rotation and the unilateral weight supporting posture.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.47 no.12
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• pp.31-38
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• 2010

In tins paper, a new DA(Distributed Arithmetic) tilter implementation technique has been proposed. Contrary to vertical directional calculation of input sample bit format in the conventional DA implementation technique, proposed implementation technique utilizes horizontal directional calculation of input sample bit format. Since proposed technique calculates in horizontal direction, it does not need ROM and utilizes the Modified Booth algorithm. Furthermore proposed technique can be applied to implement the variable coefficients filters in addition to the fixed coefficients filters. Using conventional and proposed techniques, a 20 tap filter is implemented by Verilog-HDL coding. Through Synopsis synthesis tool, it has been shown that 41.6% area reduction can be achieved.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.75-83
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• 2018

Purpose: This study investigated the effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) exercise on the range of motion (ROM), pain, and functional activity of patients who received total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The purpose of this study was to provide fundamental data regarding the use of PNF exercise among patients with musculoskeletal disease. Methods: Fourteen patients who received TKA were randomly divided into an experimental group (n=7) that took part in PNF exercise and a control group (n=7) that performed general rehabilitation exercise. Both groups performed the respective exercises for 30 minutes, five times a week for 2 weeks. For the measurement of ROM, the range of knee flexion was measured using a clinometer smartphone application. A visual analogue scale (VAS) was used for the measurement of the level of pain. The timed up and go test (TUG) was conducted to measure functional activity. A paired t-test was performed to compare within-group changes before and after the PNF exercise. Differences between the experimental group and control group were analyzed by an independent t-test. For all tests, the level of statistical significance was set at ${\alpha}=0.05$. Results: After the exercise, there was a significant within-group change in VAS and TUG scores in the experimental group and control group (p<0.01). There was also a significant between-group difference in VAS and TUG scores after the intervention (p<0.05). Conclusion: General rehabilitation exercise is commonly applied as a treatment for TKA patients and is relatively effective. The application of PNF exercise may be useful in such patients, considering its effects on ROM improvement, pain reduction, and functional enhancement.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.88-92
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• 2021

Background: Patients who have rotator cuff arthropathy experience a limited range of motion (ROM) of the shoulder joint and experience problems in performing their daily activities; however, no evidence is available to suggest the exact ROM of the shoulder joint in this population. Therefore, this study sought to determine the degree of motion of the shoulder joint in three planes during different activities. Methods: Five subjects with rotator cuff injuries participated in this study. The motion of the shoulder joints on both the involved and normal sides was assessed by a motion analysis system while performing forward abduction (task 1), flexion (task 2), and forward flexion (task 3). The OpenSIM software program was used to determine the ROM of the shoulder joints on both sides. The difference between the ranges of motion was determined using a two-sample t-test. Results: The ROMs of the shoulder joint in task 1 were 93.5°±16.5°, 72.1°±2.6°, and 103.9°±25.7° for flexion, abduction, and rotation, respectively, on the normal side and 28°±19.8°, 31°±31.56°, and 48°±33.5° on the involved side (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between the flexion/extension and rotation movements of the shoulder joint when performing task 1. However, the difference between flexion and rotation movements of the shoulder joints for the second task was significant (p>0.05). Conclusions: Those with rotator cuff arthropathy have functional limitations due to muscle weakness and paralysis, especially during the vertical reaching task. However, although these individuals have decreased ROM for transverse reaching tasks, the reduction was not significant.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.91-104
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• 2018

Objectives The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of Acupotomy on the pain reduction and functional improvement of patients with Acute low back pain. Methods We studied 60 patients with Acute low back pain with Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) 5 or higher in admission and had admitted to Department of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation of Daejeon University from March 1, 2017 to October 31, 2017. 30 patients had received Acupotomy combined Korean Medicine treatment(such as acupuncture, moxabustion, herbal medicine, etc) and the other 30 had received Korean Medicine treatment only. The analysis was conducted as a retrospective study which analyzes the patient's medical records. Statistical analysis was performed using the IBM SPSS Statistics 24 program. We used NRS to evaluate pain reduction, used Range of Motion (ROM) and Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) to evaluate function improvement, and used EuroQol-5 Dimension (EQ-5D) and EuroQoL-Visual Analogue Scale (EQ-VAS) to assess quality of life. Finally, a five-point Likert scale was used to assess treatment satisfaction. Results The analysis revealed that patients who were treated with Acupotomy showed statistically significant NRS reduction, improvement of ROM and RMDQ, improvement of EQ-5D and EQ-VAS and satisfaction compared to those who just recevied Korean Medicine treatment. Conclusions In conclusion, we found that the Acupotomy showed a positive effect on pain resolving, functional rehabilitation and quality of life in patients with Acute low back pain.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.144-150
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• 2017

Purpose: To assess the clinical and radiographic results and complications of arthroscopy-assisted reduction and percutaneous fixation for patients with tongue-type Sanders type II calcaneal fractures. Materials and Methods: Between August 2014 and December 2015, 10 patients who underwent surgery using subtalar arthroscopic assisted reduction and percutaneous fixation for tongue-type Sanders type II calcaneal fractures were reviewed. The mean age was 50.8 years (36~62 years), and the mean follow-up period was 24 months (12~40 months). The clinical results were evaluated using the visual analogue scale (VAS) and American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot score at the regular follow-ups, and the foot function index (FFI) at the last follow-up. The subtalar range of motion (ROM) was evaluated and compared with the uninjured limb at the last follow-up. The radiographic results were assessed using the Bohler's angle from the plain radiographs and the reduction of the posterior calcaneal facet using computed tomography (CT). The postoperative complications were assessed by a chart review. Results: The VAS and AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score improved until 12 months after surgery. The FFI was 15 (1.8~25.9) and subtalar ROM was 75.5% (60%~100%) compared to the uninjured limb at the last follow-up. The $B{\ddot{o}}hler^{\prime}s$ angle was increased significantly from $2^{\circ}$ ($-14^{\circ}{\sim}18^{\circ}$) preoperatively to $21.8^{\circ}$ ($20^{\circ}{\sim}28^{\circ}$) at the last follow-up. The reduction of the posterior facet was graded as excellent in five feet (50.0%) and good in five (50.0%) on CT obtained at 12 months after surgery. One foot (10.0%) had subfibular pain due to a prominent screw head. One foot (10.0%) had pain due to a longitudinal tear of the peroneal tendon that occurred during screw insertion. Conclusion: Subtalar arthroscopic-assisted reduction of the posterior calcaneal facet of the subtalar joint and percutaneous fixation is a useful surgical method for tongue-type Sanders type II calcaneal fractures.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.95-104
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• 2021

Objectives The purpose of this study was to observe effectiveness of ultrasound-guided Soyeom pharmacopuncture therapy at acromioclavicular joint of shoulder in patients with anterior shoulder pain. Methods We analyzed medical records of 9 patients hospitalized with anterior shoulder pain who had admitted to Department of Korean Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Daejeon University from March 1, 2021 to June 13, 2021. 9 patients were treated the treatment of Soyeom pharmacopuncture therapy on acromioclavicular joint under ultrasonic guidance with Korean medicine treatment (such as herbal medicine, acupuncture, moxabustion, etc). The study was conducted as a retrospective observation study which analyze the patient's medical records. We used numeric rating scale (NRS) to evaluate pain reduction and the shoulder range of motion (ROM) to evaluate function improvement twice (before pharmacopuncture treatment and 5 days later treatment). Statistical analysis was performed using the IBM SPSS Statistics version 25 program (IBM Co., Armonk, NY, USA). Results The average of numeric rating scale reduced statistically significantly from 5.56±1.13 to 3.11±1.36 (p=0.004). The average of shoulder flexion ROM increased statistically significantly from 166.67±8.17° to 175.00±8.37° (p<0.05). And the average of shoulder abduction ROM increased statistically significantly from 158.57±20.35° to 172.86±12.53° (p<0.05). Both NRS and shouler ROM showed statistically significantly improve after treatment. Conclusions This study shows ultrasound-guided Soyeom pharmacopuncture therapy at acromioclavicular joint of shoulder has a meaningful clinical effect on the improving shoulder pain and ROM especially on flexion and abduction.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.169-174
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• 2009

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical results between interlocking intramedullary nail with fibular fixation and nail only for treating distal tibiofibular diaphyseal fractures. Materials and Methods: From March 2003 to September 2006, 19 distal tibiofibular fractures were antegrade nailed after anatomical reduction and fixation of fibular fractures, and another 37 fractures fixed with nails only. Average age of patients was 48.6 years. These two groups were compared by VAS (visual analogue scale) & ankle ROM according to degree of comminution and fracture configuration. The statistical analysis was evaluated by t-test. Results: There was no statistical difference between fibular fixation group and non-fixation group in VAS score according to fracture comminution and configuration (p>0.05). However, compared according to fracture configuration, mean ankle eversion of fibular fixation group in oblique fractures was 18.3 degrees, and that of non-fixation group was 12.5 degrees (p<0.05). In addition, mean ankle plantar flexion, dorsiflexion, inversion and total ankle ROM of fibular fixation group in spiral fractures was 40.0, 20.0, 30.0 and 108.3 degrees of each and that of non-fixation group was 38.3, 18.5, 27.0 and 101.7 degrees (p<0.05). Conclusions: In oblique and spiral fractures of distal tibiofibular diaphysis, interlocking intramedullary nail with fibular fixation had the advantage in postoperative ankle ROM. So, it can be a worthy method for the treatment of distal tibiofibular diaphyseal fractures.