• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2002년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집(1)
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• pp.327-330
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• 2002

In this paper, we have analyzed transmission time for WAP over CDMA using turbo code scheme. In order for SAR to improve the transfer capability, the transmission of messages have been simulated using a fragmentation that begins with the total package and incremental fragmentation for each layer using the WTP to define tile resultant packet size and the level of fragmentation for each proceeding layer. This turbo code scheme decreases transmission lime of RLP baseband packets. From the results, we arc able to obtain packet transmission time and optimal WTP packet size for WAP over CDMA in a Rician fading channel.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:시스템및이론
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.602-608
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• 1999

멀티미디어 서비스를 제공하는 미래의 이동통신 시스템에서는 데이터의 신뢰성 있는 전송을 위해 물리 계층에서 제공하는 프레임 에러율을 감소시켜야한다. 이를 위해 라디오링크프로토콜(RLP : radio link protocol) 계층에서는 ARQ(automatic repeat request)기법을 사용한다. 본 논문에서는 멀티미디어 서비스를 제공하는 차세대 이동통신 시스템에 적용될수 있는 새로운 SR(Selective repeat) ARQ 기법을 제안하고 그 성능을 분석한다. 제안하는 SR 기법은 재전송이 반복될수록 NAK(negative acknowledge)수와 재전송 프레임수를 지수적으로 (exponentially)증가시킴으로써 프레임손실확률을 감소시킨다. 또한 제안한 SR 기법의 성능을 기존의 전형적인 SR 기법 및 IS-707의 SR 기법과 비교하였다. 비교결과, 제안한 SR 기법은 프레임 손실 확률과 프레임 전송지연 측면에서 다른 두 비교대상 Sr 기법들에 비해 더 나은 성능을 제공한다.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.8-15
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• 2001

본 논문은 3GPP2 All IP Ad Hoc 회의에서 언급된 IP/UDP/RTP 헤더 압축을 위한 IETF의 요구사항에 대해 언급하고, 3GPP2 3G cdma2000에 기반을 두고 있는 VoIP 멀티미디어 서비스와 같은 실시간 응용을 위한 차세대 이동통신 단말기의 프로토콜 스택을 연구하였다. All IP 네트워크 단말기의 다양한 프로토콜에 대한 프레임은 IETF ROHC Working Group의 draft에 기반을 둔 헤더 형태의 비트별 설명을 포함하여 그림으로 설명하였다. 특히, 본 논문은 실시간 패킷 데이터를 수용하기 위해 All IP 단말기의 Medium Access Layer 계층에서 변형될 헤더 압축관련 IS-707 RLP 프로토콜의 문제점을 포함하고 있다. PPP프로토콜은 현재 이슈가 되고 있는 Mobile IP(PN-4286)에 기반을 둔 3세대 cdma2000 패킷 데이터 네트워크을 위한 단말기의 프로토콜 스택에서 헤더 압축과 이동성 측면에서 많은 문제를 가지고 있기에 PPP프로토콜의 헤더 압축을 위한 해결책의 문제점을 제시하였다 마지막으로 우리는 예측 프로토콜 스택, 자원 효율성과 성능에 대한 All IP 네트워크 단말기 헤더 압축에 대한 guideline를 제안하였다.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.58-65
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• 2000

Use of a pectinase during preparing handmade papers from bast fiber of paper mulberry(Broussonetia kazinoki Sieb.) was investigated in order to decrease cooking chemicals and environmental pollution. For this purpose, four kinds of commercial pectinases, Rapidase LIQ(RLP), Rapidase Press(RP), Rapidase C80L Max(RCM) and Pectinase SS Kyowa(PSK) were used. And the durability of handmade papers before and after pectinase treatment was determined. RP and PSK had higher pectinase activity ad lower cellulase activity. The bast fiber was not defibered when pectinase was used. In order to increase the efficiency of enzymes, the bast fiber were treated ammonium oxalate(AO) or $K_2CO_3$under mild conditions. The AO pretreatment with those produced by $K_2CO_3$. The RP treated pulps after mild $K_2CO_3$cooking of the bast fiber were defibrated more easily than untreated pulp. The handmade paper prepared with the RP treated pulps after mild $K_2CO_3$cooking has good strength properties such as breaking length and folding endurance. Also, it has higher durability on heat aging, though its brightness was slightly lower than that of untreated paper.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.257-262
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• 2010

The study investigates the various Acceptance Control Charts (ACCs) based on the factors that include process independence, data weighting scheme, subgrouping, and use of control charts. USL - LSL > $6{\sigma}$ that used in the good condition processes in the ACCs are designed by considering user's perspective, producer's perspective and both perspectives. ACCs developed from the research is efficiently applied by using the simple control limit unified with APL (Acceptable Process Level), RLP (Rejectable Process Level), Type I Error $\alpha$, and Type II Error $\beta$. Sampling interval of subgroup examines i.i.d. (Identically and Independent Distributed) or auto-correlated processes. Three types of weight schemes according to the reliability of data include Shewhart, Moving Average(MA) and Exponentially Weighted Moving Average (EWMA) which are considered when designing ACCs. Two types of control charts by the purpose of improvement are also presented. Overall, $\alpha$, $\beta$ and APL for nonconforming proportion and RPL of claim proportion can be designed by practioners who emphasize productivity and claim defense cost.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.387-394
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to compare and analyze the finger pressure and kinematic variables in the forehand hairpin net shot between skilled elite players and less skilled recreational players. Eight elite players(age: $18.1{\pm}0.8yrs$, height: $176.8{\pm}1.5cm$, weight: $640.9{\pm}48.6N$) with minimum of 6 years of experience and eight recreational players(age: $27.9{\pm}1.6yrs$, height: $177.1{\pm}6.1cm$, weight: $820.5{\pm}62.8N$) with less than one year experience were recruited in this study. For each trial being analyzed, four critical instants were identified from the video recordings: Right heel contact1 (E1), Right toe-off (E2), Right heel contact2 (E3), and Shuttlecock Impact (E4). Each hairpin net shot was broken into consecutive phases: E1~E2 (Right Landing Phase: RLP), E2~E3 (Sliding Step Phase: SSP), and E3~E4 (Impact Phase: IP). Temporal parameters, shuttlecock speed, linear and angular kinematics of body segments, and finger pressures were computed for this study. The results showed that The finger pressure of the ring finger and the middle finger for the skilled group during an impact had significantly greater than those of unskilled group. It is possible that all fingers were not used in the same manner when the racket was gripped in forehand hairpin. The result also suggested that the ring finger and the middle finger pushed the racket from top to bottom while having the mid-phalanx and proximal phalanx of index finger as an axis.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.51-57
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• 2014

NOG1 is a nucleolar GTPase that is critical for 60S ribosome biogenesis. Recently, NOG1 was identified as one of the downstream regulators of target of rapamycin (TOR) in yeast. It is reported that TOR is involved in regulating lifespan and fat storage in Caenorhabditis elegans. Here, we show that the nog1 ortholog (T07A9.9: nog-1) in C. elegans regulates growth, development, lifespan, and fat metabolism. A green fluorescence protein (GFP) promoter assay revealed ubiquitous expression of C. elegans nog-1 from the early embryonic to the adult stage. Furthermore, the GFP-tagged NOG-1 protein is localized to the nucleus, whereas the aberrant NOG-1 protein is concentrated in the nucleolus. Functional studies of NOG-1 in C. elegans further revealed that nog-1 knockdown resulted in smaller broodsize, slower growth, increased life span, and more fat storage. Moreover, nog-1 over-expression resulted in decreased life span. Taken together, our data suggest that nog-1 in C. elegans may be an important player in regulating life span and fat storage via the insulin/IGF pathway.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.95-102
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• 2004

현재 국내 사용중이며 내분비계 장애추정농약으로 분류된 benomyl, carbaryl, endosulfan등 17종 농약에 대한 estrogen성 영향을 검색하기 위하여 인체난소암세포(BG1Luc4E2)를 이용한 luciferase assay를 수행하였으며, luciferase assay에서 Eeq를 산출한 후 내분비계 장애추정 농약의 에스트로겐성 영향에 대한 식이섭취 위험도 평가를 실시하였다. Estrogen 수용체 결합시험에서 cypermethrin, dicofol, endosulfan, esfenvalerate 및 fenvalerate가 $10^{-5}$ M에서 최고 영향이 관찰되었고, mancozeb 등 8종 농약은 약한 영향이 관찰되었으며, benomyl 등 나머지 4종 농약은 영향이 없었다. 이들 중 활성이 비교적 강한 dicofol 및 endoeulfan의 1 nmol 17 $\beta$-estradiol에 대한 RLP 와 RLU는 dicofol의 경우 $10^{-5}$ 및 56%이었구, endosulfan은 $10^{-5}$ 및 72%이었다. MRL을 이용한 식이섭취 위험도 평가 결과 농약들의 추청 1일 최대농약섭취량은 cypermethrin 0.667, dicofol 0.1462, endosulfan 0.2066 및 lenvalerate/esfenvalerate 0.2098 mg/person으로 총 추정 1일 최대 농약섭취량이 1.2298 mg/person이었고, 남성 혈중 에스트로겐 증가 농도는 3.075 ng/L로 정상농도에 비해 15%정도 증가하였으나, 국내 모니터링 성적을 기준으로 평가한 결과 남성혈중 에스트로겐 증가 농도는 0.01938 ng/L로 정상농도에 비해 0.09693%정도 증가하였다.