• 한국양식학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.187-194
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• 1996

어류 종묘생산시 중요한 먹이생물로 사용되는 한국산 rotifer를 순수 분리하기 위하여 염전, 기수호, 하구 및 어류 양식장을 중심으로 채집하였다. 해수산 rotifer, B. plicatilis는 13 지역에서 L-type rotifer 2 strains과 S-type rotifer 14 strains을 순수 분리하였다. 담수산 rotifer, B. calyciflorus는 4곳의 양식장에서 4 strains을 순수 분리하였다. 순수 분리된 해수산 rotifer, B. plicatilis. L-type과 S-type rotifer strain의 피갑장과 내구란 장경의 분포는 각각 $244.3\~255.3\;{\mu}m,\;142.4\~145.5\;{\mu}m$와 $131.0\~165.8\;{\mu}m,\;93.7\~116.4\;{\mu}m$로 나타났다. 또 담수산 rotifer, B. calyciflorus strains의 피갑장과 내구란 장경의 분포는 각각 $211.8\~229.9\;{mu}m$와 $126.8\~140.2\;{\mu}m$로 나타났다. B. plicatilis는 성장과 내구란 생산이 매우 다양하게 나타났다. L-type과 S-type의 rotifer의 최고 밀도는 각각 O-L이 200개체/ml였고, H-S가 753.3개체/ml로 가장 높게 나타났다. 생산된 내구란은 S-type에서는 YY-S가 86.7개/ml로 가장 높았고, L-type에서는 O-L이 45.8개/ml로 높았다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.160-163
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• 2001

본 연구는 vitamin $B_{12}$의 첨가에 따른 담수산 rotifer, Brachionus calyciflorus의 유성생식율 및 내구란 생산을 조사하였다. Vitamin $B_{12}$의 첨가방법은 rotifer의 먹이생물인 농축 담수산 Chlorella에 첨가하여 공급하였고 실험용기는 250mL 삼각플라스크에서 실시하였다. Rotifer의 최고밀도는 vitamin $B_{12}$의 첨가량이 높을수록 낮게 나타났고 6ppm구에서 가장 낮은 138개체/mL를 보였다. 유성생식 율과 수정률은 vitamin $B_{12}$의 첨가량이 많을수록 높아 6ppm구에서 각각 $63.0\%$와 $89.6\%$로 조사되었다. mL당 내구란 생산은 1.5 ppm구에서 231개/mL로 가장 높게 나타났으나 다른 vitamin $B_{12}$의 첨가구와의 유의적인 차이는 없었고, Rotifer $10^6$개체당, Chlorella 건중량 (g) 당 내구란 생산량은 6ppm구에서 각각 11,259개, 121,252개로 가장 높게 나타났다 Vitamin $B_{12}$의 첨가량에 따라 형성된 내구란의 부화율은 vitamin $B_{12}$를 첨가한 실험구에서 $67.7\sim80.9\%$의 부화율을 보여 첨가하지 않은 대조구 $48.2\%$보다 높게 나타났다. 따라서 담수산 rotifer, B. calyciflorus의 내구란 생산과 내구란의 부화율에 vitamin $B_{12}$가 영향을 미친 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.47-55
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• 1977

어린이 대공원(大公園)의 임지(林地)(인위적(人爲的)인 피해(被害)로부터 임분(林分))와 임간휴게소(林間流憩所)(휴식장소(休息場所)로 이용(利用)되는 임지(林地))에서 1975. 9. 28에 22년생(年生) 리기다소나무 각각(各各) 121주(株)와 105주(株)를 대상(對象)으로 양지역간(兩地域間)의 직경성장(直徑成長) 차이(差異)를 알아보기 위(爲)해 본(本) 조사(調査)를 하였다. 50m의 가까운 거리로 인접(隣接)되어 있는 양지역(兩地域)은 모두 토심(土深)이 깊은 사양토(砂壤土)로서 남서향(南西向)의 완경사(緩傾斜)이고 비옥도(肥沃度)가 높았으나 견밀도(堅密度)에 있어서는 임간휴게소(林間流憩所)가 차압(蹉壓)에 의(依)하여 현저(顯著)하게 높았다. 생장추(生長錐)로 목편(木片)을 빼내어 조사(調査)한 직경(直徑) 성장(成長)은 73년(年) 5월(月) 5일(日) 어린이 대공원(大公園) 개원(開園)을 기준(基準)으로 지전(以前)에는 임간휴게소(林間流憩所)의 수목(樹木)이 좋았고 이후(以後)에는 임지(林地) 수목(樹木)이 좋았다. 75년도(年度) 양지역(兩地域)의 수목(樹木) 직경(直徑) 성장차(成長差)는 6.5%로서 1% 수준(水準)의 유의성(有意性)이 있었다. 고원지역(公園地域)의 휴게소(休憩所) 관리상(管理上) 타수종(他樹種)에 대(對)해서도 연구(硏究)의 필요성(必要性)이 고찰(考察)되었다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.56-64
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• 2007

Community facilities in apartment complex have been developed through residents' needs for housing environmental amenities and social trend for 'Well-being' combined with marketing competition among construction companies. But community facilities and fitness centers which are in the initial stage of development are not well fit with residents' needs because the designers plan the community facilities without considering on residents' life-style and preference. This study investigates the present status of fitness center, and surveys the residents' preference for the proposed fitness center design. The result includes that fitness center users in apartment complex want a convenient and comfortable resting spaces similar level with those in fitness center of mixed-use residential building. A resting space provides opportunity that community members meet each other as well as they can rest after exercise. The result also shows that the fitness center users prefer wood floor and wall as interior finishing materials in exercising space and resting space, which users think, gives more comfortable and splendid feeling.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.167-171
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• 2002

Candida sp. SY16의 휴식세포를 이용하여 탄소원만 포함되 있는 증류수로부터 많은 양의 생물계면활성제(mannosylerythritol lipid: MEL)를 생산할 수 있었다. 플라스크를 이용한 생산반응의 경우, 20 g/l의 휴식세포를 75g/1의 soybean oil이 포함되있고, pH는 4~5범위에서 반응할 때, 가장 높은 생산수율을 얻을 수 있었으며, 높은 농도($PO_4$-P 농도 198 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml 이상)의 인은 MEL 생산을 저해하는 것으로 나타났다. 최적화된 조건으로 jar fermentor를 이용하여 휴식세포를 반응한 경우 생물계면활성제를 120 h 반응 후, 58 g/l로 얻을 수 있었으며, 그 생산성은 성장세포를 이용한 회분식 발효의 경우보다 높았고, 배양시간도 단축시킬 수 있었다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.58-65
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of serratus anterior strengthening exercises on scapular position and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain measurements taken at the resting position in young adults with adducted scapular. The exercise program included stretching of the scapular retractor and strengthening of the serratus anterior muscle. We measured the distance from the midline of the thorax to the vertebral border of the scapular with a tape line (Superior Kibler), and the distance from the 7th cervical spinous process to the acromial angle with 3-dimension motion analysis system, to compare the resting scapular position before and after exercise. Fifteen subjects with adducted scapular were recruited to compare the resting scapular position and VAS. The distance from 7th cervical spine process to acromial angle of the scapular and VAS decreased significantly (p<.01) after exercise, while the distance from the midline of the thorax to vertebral border of the scapular increased (p<.05). The conclusion is that the serratus anterior exercise program altered the resting scapular position and decreased VAS.

• 교육녹색환경연구
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2011

Ministry of Education, Science And Technology, from 2009 to 2014, try to establish the setting of Department System in the Middle Schools and High Schools. They selected 45 Schools in 2009 and 61 Schools in 2010 for the Advanced Department System. I studied 2 High schools in 2009 and 3 High schools in 2010 of them, which located in GyeongGi-Do. I studied the Location of Department Classrooms, Teachers' Labs, Homebases and Resting Spaces of them. The conclusions are follows. 1) Most of them take Horizontal Zoning System in the Department Classrooms. 2) The Number of Teachers' Labs were increased in most of floors. On the other hand, most of Labs' Area were decreased. Every department Classroom Zone has one Teachers' Lab. 3) Every schools took much more spaces of Homebases and Resting Spaces than before. And various Resting Spaces using Corridors and Outdoors are prepared for students, those who moves every changing class time by the Department System.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2004년도 임시총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.312-316
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• 2004

Single-well tracer tests, especially push pull tracer tests, are more effective to estimate hydraulic parameters and microbial metabolic activities in terms of duration and cost compared to multi-well tracer tests. However, there are some drawbacks in accuracy, complicated data analysis and uniqueness. These shortages are thought to be derived from the applied conditions which affect mass recovery curve and breakthrough curve. Factors such as extraction rate, resting period, hydraulic conductivity and hydraulic gradient are considered as the major factors determining the mass recovery rate and shape of the breakthrough curve. The results of the sensitivity analysis are summarized as follows: 1) the significant change in concentration of breakthrough curve is obtained when the extraction rate increases. This effect would also be much higher if the hydraulic conductivity is lower; 2) the mass recovery rate decreases with the increase of resting time, and the difference of mass recovery rates for different resting times is inversely proportional to the hydraulic conductivity; 3) the sensitivity values decrease with time. The hydraulic conductivity affects not only the early period, but the later period of the breakthrough curves; 4) The influence of the hydraulic gradient on the breakthrough curves is greater at earlier stage than at later stage. The mass recovery rate is inversely proportional to the hydraulic gradient.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.603-610
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• 1996

Spatial distribution of faeces by Japanese Black heifers and steers was investigated. The animals grazed a bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum $Fl\ddot{u}gge$) pasture in the daytime from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m., and spent the rest of the day in a barn. The pasture consisted of three paddocks, an alley and a resting area, and the paddocks were grazed rotationally. The number of defecations and the faecal weight excreted in the pasture were greater than those expected from the proportion of time that the animals spent in the pasture. These values were correspondingly smaller in the barn. The distribution of faeces to the paddock, alley and resting area of the pasture was usually not proportional to the area of the respective places. The number of defeations and the faecal weight were usually distributed less densely in the paddock than in the resting area. The degree of aggregation of defecation in the paddock, alley and resting area varied with the meteorological factors such as the air temperature, solar radiation and rainfall during the grazing, and the intake of hay supplement of the previous day.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.745-750
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• 2002

The effects of recording interval (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30 min) on the estimation of some grazing behavior variables in beef cows and calves (<4 months old) were investigated in a daytime grazing (7 h) system utilizing a bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flugge) pasture (a 1.1 ha paddock and a 0.4 ha resting area). Recording intervals of 10-30 min tended to underestimate the time spent grazing and ruminating and overestimate the time spent resting by animals, whereas intervals of 1-5 min resulted in almost constant estimates. In all grazing activities, the errors of estimation became larger when the recording interval exceeded 5 min. The accuracy of estimation was higher for grazing time>rumination time>resting time. An increase in recording interval always decreased estimates of the distance walked by animals. It was concluded that recording intervals of 1-5 min provide reliable estimates of the time spent grazing, ruminating and resting. It was also concluded that positioning of animals at 1 min intervals may provide estimates of walking distance with acceptable bias toward underestimation.