• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.97-101
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• 2021

In this study, Insertion loss according to the structural variant of interposer to Through Silicon Via (TSV) and Redistributed Layer (RDL) was studied through design of experiment. 3-Factors was considered as a variant, TSV depth, TSV diameter, RDL width with factor arrangement method and the response surface method from 400 MHz to 20 GHz. As a result, it was confirmed that as the frequency increased, the effect of RDL width was decreased and the effect of TSV depth and TSV diameter was increased. Also within the analysis range, to increasing RDL width, decreasing TSV depth, and fixing TSV diameter about 10.7 ㎛ was observed optimal result of Insertion loss.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2018.06a
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• pp.77-77
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• 2018

Panel level packaging (PLP) 공정은 차세대 반도체 패키징 기술로써 wafer level packaging 대비 net die 면적이 넓어 생산 단가 절감에 유리하다. PLP 공정에 적용되는 구리 재배선 층 (RDL, redistribution layer)은 두께 불균일도에 의해 전기 저항의 유동이 민감하게 변화하기 때문에 RDL의 두께를 균일하게 형성하는 것은 신뢰성 측면에서 매우 중요하다. 구리 RDL은 주로 도금 공정을 통해 형성되며, 균일한 도금막 형성을 위해 도금조에 평탄제를 첨가하여 도금 속도를 균일하게 한다. 도금막에 대한 흡착은 주로 평탄제의 imine 작용기에 포함된 질소 원자가 관여하며, imine 작용기의 4차화에 의한 평탄제의 흡착 정도를 제어하여 평탄제 성능을 개선할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 도금 평탄제에 포함된 imine 작용기의 질소 원자를 4차화하여 구리 RDL의 도금 두께 불균일도를 제어하고자 하였다. 유기첨가제와 4차화 반응을 위해 알킬화제로써 dimethyl sulfate의 비율을 조절하여 각각 0, 50, 100 %로 4차화 반응을 진행하였다. 평탄제의 4차화 여부를 확인하기 위해 gel permeation chromatography (GPC) 분석을 실시하였다. 도금은 20 ~ 200 um의 다양한 배선 폭을 갖는 구리 RDL 미세패턴에서 진행하였으며, 4차화 평탄제를 첨가하여 광학 현미경과 공초점 레이저 현미경을 통해 도금막 표면과 두께에 대한 분석을 실시하였다. GPC 분석을 통해 4차화 반응 후 알킬화제에 의해 나타나는 GPC peak이 감소한 것을 확인하였다. 광학 현미경 및 공초점 레이저 현미경 분석 결과, 4차화된 질소 원자가 존재하지 않는 평탄제의 경우, 도금 시 도금막의 두께가 불균일하였으며 단면 분석 시 dome 형태가 관찰되었다. 또한 100 % 4차화를 실시한 평탄제를 첨가하여 도금 한 경우 마찬가지로 두께가 불균일한 dish 형태의 도금막이 형성되었다. 반면, 50 % 4차화를 적용한 평탄제를 첨가한 경우, 도금막 단면의 형태는 평평한 모습을 보였으며 매우 양호한 균일도를 가지는 것으로 확인되었다. 이로 인해 imine 작용기를 포함한 평탄제의 4차화 반응을 통해 구리 RDL의 단면 형상 및 불균일도가 제어되는 것을 확인하였으며, 4차화된 imine 작용기의 비율을 조절하여 높은 균일도를 갖는 구리 RDL 도금이 가능한 것으로 판단되었다.

• Proceedings of the CALSEC Conference
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.45-53
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• 2003

This paper addresses the issues related to the development of product model and applications fer nuclear power plants based on STEP and PLIB standards. The ISO standards which can be applied are; STEP(Standard for the Exchange of Product Model Data) AP(application protocol) 221/231, AP 230/225, AP 227, ISO 13584 PLIB, ISO 15926 RDL. The data models of the AP's and ISO 15926 RDL are reviewed and an application system is proposed to exchange and share the design data of the nuclear power plant.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.245-251
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• 1998

This paper designs RDL/PAL interface and performance monitoring tool with providing the Event Expressions. RDL/PAL suggests interface of instrumentation layer and performance analysis layer so that it can extract event data from various trace formats. Also, the Event Expressions is similar to the normal program language, which make possible to obtain result of performance analysis. The programmer can analyze performance regardless of trace format by using the performance monitoring tool which has so much merits.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.342-351
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• 2008

ISO 10303-AP241 is an Application Protocol of ISO 10303, which specifies the representation of AEC facility's life cycle information. The Working Draft of AP241 was submitted to the TC184/SC4 of ISO in July, 2007 by Korean team of ISO TC184/SC4/WG3. This paper introduces the currently developed draft Ap241 core model, and describes the life cycle support modules which are required to represent the life cycle information of AEC facilities. The draft core model is developed as a generic data model which is useful as a basis for implementation in a data warehouse. This core model could be used in combination with reference data such as PLCS RDL, Gellish table and RDL of ISO 15926. These concepts already exists in ISO 10303-AP221, AP239 and ISO 15926. In order to support maintenance and feedback of operational information concerning the AEC facilities, the AP241 team re-used many modules from AP239, and developed various STEP Application Modules which are adapted from the ISO 15926.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.191-199
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• 2007

In order to construct a data warehouse of process plant equipment, a classification structure should be defined first, identifying not only the equipment categories but also attributes of an each equipment to represent the specifications of equipment. ISO 15926 Process Plants is an international standard dealing with the life-cycle data of process plant facilities. From the viewpoints of defining classification structure, Part 2 data model and Reference Data Library (RDL) of ISO 15926 are seen to respectively provide standard syntactic structure and semantic vocabulary, facilitating the exchange and sharing of plant equipment's life-cycle data. Therefore, the equipment data warehouse with an ISO 15926-based classification structure has the advantage of easy integration among different engineering systems. This paper introduces ISO 15926 and then discusses how to define a classification structure with ISO 15926 Part 2 data model and RDL. Finally, we describe the development result of an ISO 15926-based classification structure for a variety of equipment consisting in the reactor coolant system (RCS) of APR 1400 nuclear plant.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1993.04a
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• pp.147-147
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• 1993

신생쥐의 DRG 배양에서 접종후 1일째 neurite의 형성을 관찰할수 있었고 배양한 세포가 신경세포임을 확인하기 위하여 신경섬유에 대한 항체를 이용한 조직화학적 실험을 실시한 결과 붉게 염색된 세포를 볼 수 있었으므로 이 세포들이 DRG신경세포임을 확인할 수 있었다. 배양한 신경세포중 capsaicin에 대한 감수성을 갖는 신경세포군을 확인하기 위하여 cobalt stain 방법으로 실험한 결과 capsaicin에 대한 감수성율 갖는 신경세포룰 관찰할 수 있었고 비교를 위하여 함께 실험한 resiniferatoxin, KR 25018, 6-paradol, NE-19550, RDL-201등의 capsaicin 유사체들의 경우도 정도는 달리 하였으나 유사한 반응을 보였으므로 일차배양한 신경세포에 대한 작용이 capsaicin의 작용과 같을 가능성을 보여주었다. 진통효과 검정결과 진통효과가 있는 것으로 확인된 capsaicin 구조 유사체들인 resiniferatoxin, 6-paradol, NE-19550, RDL-201, KR-25018모두 농도 의존적인 반응을 보였다. 또한 칼슘 도입을 위해 요구되는 관능기로는 알킬측쇄와 P-위치의 수산기, 3-methoxy기 및 acyl amide 구조가 중요하였다. 알킬측쇄는 NVA의 경우처럼 탄소 8개 정도가 적당했으나 구조적으로 현저히 다른 치환기를 가진 resiniferatoxin이나 KR-25018의 경우에도 유효하였다. Vanillin환의 P-수산기도 필수적이었고 3-methoxy기의 존재시에는 칼슘 도입효과가 강하였다. Acyl amide 결합도 중요하나 필수적은 아니였다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.116-124
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine the vertical and horizontal continuity between grades and publishers, respectively, by analyzing the readability of reading passages included in English textbooks for 5th and 6th grades of elementary school. In order to do so, a corpus was constructed with the reading passages contained in 10 textbooks, and the reading passages in each textbook were analyzed through Coh-Metrix. Also, it was examined whether there was a statistically significant difference between grades and publishers in readability through one-way ANOVA. The results are as follows. First, as a result of analyzing the difference in readability between publishers within the same grade, there was a statistically significant difference between fifth-grade textbooks in the L2 readability index. Second, as a result of analyzing the vertical continuity between grades within the publisher, the difficulty of textbook A was higher in grade 6 than grade 5 based on FRE and FKGL, which showed a statistically significant difference. On the other hand, when L2 readability was used as the standard, the difficulty of textbook B was lower in 6th grade than in 5th grade. This result seems to be because FRE and FKGL calculate readability based on sentence and word length, whereas L2 readability is based on content word overlap, word frequency, and syntactic similarity of sentences.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.487-489
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• 2007

In this paper chemical process plant information is addressed to be standardized. The chemical process plant information has complexities in the context of its various types such as functions, shapes, connectivity etc. as well as its usages such as design, construction, operation, maintenance and so on. It was well known that the standard should be made by its users themselves to be used widely. The chemical process industry oriented ISO 15926 RDL (Systems and integration of life-cycle data for oil and gas production facilities : Reference Data Library) can provide the methodology for exchanging and sharing of plant equipment information, which will be developed through integrating existing standards such as ISO 10303 AP221, AP231, AP227. The PCA (Posc Caesar Association) which is located in Oslo, Norway, has the initiative in developing ISO 15926. Korea is a member of PCA and takes part in proposing and reviewing the new standard. The trends and prospects for the standard of chemical process plant information are addressed.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.179-184
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• 2007

This study introduces the characteristics and some applications of repetitive polypeptides, especially to the biomaterial, tissue engineering scaffolds, drug delivery system, and DNA separation systems. Since some fibrous proteins, which consist of repeating peptide monomers, have been reported that their physical properties are changed dramatically by means of temperature alteration or pH shifting. For that reason, fibrous protein-mimetic polypeptides, which are produced by the recombinant technology, can be applied to the diverse biological fields. Repetitive polypeptides can also be used in the bioseparation area such as DNA sequencing, because they make DNA separation possible in free-solution electrophoresis by conjugating DNA fragments to them. Moreover, artificial synthesis of repetitive polypeptides helps to demonstrate the correlations between mechanical properties and structures of natural protein polymer, which have been proven that repetitive domains are affected by the sequence of the repeating domains and the number of repeating subunits. Repetitive polypeptides can be biologically synthesized using some special cloning methods, which are represented here. Recursive directional ligation (RDL) and controlled cloning method (CCM) have been proposed as excellent cloning methods in that we can control the number of repetition in the multimerization of polypeptides and the components of repetitive polypeptides by either method.