• STI Policy Review
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.35-44
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• 2011

Korea has rapidly increased R&D investment over the last few decades and the intensity of R&D investment is among the highest in the world; however, there are serious concerns about R&D performance and R&D efficiency. This study is to improve the economic assessment methodology regarding a feasibility study for national R&D programs that are thought to be one of the most prominent ways to enhance R&D efficiency. In order to improve the methodology of economic assessment, a few of important factors such as technical or market uncertainty, spillover effect, and R&D contribution ratio should be covered in the model. The focus of this article is technological and market uncertainty that has a close relation with strategic flexibility and utilization potential to increase the value of R&D programs. To improve the current linear and definitive R&D process, a new framework with strategic flexibility is suggested, in which the result of economic assessment that considers technological and market uncertainty is reflected in planning. That kind of feedback process is expected to enhance the value of the program/project as well as R&D efficiency.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.99-111
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• 2016

This paper presents a framework to analyze the change in the research and development (R&D) efficiency of government-funded research institutes (GRIs) in Korea. Cumulative data envelopment analysis/Malmquist index method is utilized to analyze the changes in R&D efficiency of GRIs. Data analysis of the R&D activities of 10 GRIs in Korea Research Council of Fundamental Science & Technology showed that the average R&D efficiency of the 10 GRIs improved from 2009 to 2013. However, the efficiency of a few GRIs decreased in terms of the catch-up index. The proposed framework can help management teams diagnose the current state of R&D activities and determine the efficacy of strategic actions by comparing efficiencies in the past.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.9-20
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• 2019

Korea's R&D investment has significantly increased in recent years. However, the efficiency of R&D investment is still in question. In order to examine the ways to improve the efficiency of R&D investment, this paper presents dynamic analysis on both quantitative and qualitative efficiency of R&D projects. A Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA)/Window method is used to analyze static and dynamic efficiencies of Industrial Material R&D projects in Korea from 2012 to 2016. As a result, statistically significant differences between quantitative and qualitative efficiency have been found. It has been observed that characteristics of Decision Making Units(DMUs) have an impact on both static and dynamic efficiencies. In particular, textile and ceramic projects showed relatively stable qualitative efficiency for a short-term perspective, while steel and chemical projects showed such stability for a long-term perspective. Among the types of project principals, universities showed relatively stable efficiency, compared with private sectors and research institutes. The results of this paper can be used as a guideline to manage the performance and stability of R&D projects' efficiency.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-27
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• 2011

This paper aims to measure and analyze R&D productivities and efficiencies of 17 major OECD countries including Korea over the 1984-2008 period by using the Malmquist Productivity Index and Data Envelopment Analysis, classifying R&D performance into an output and outcome aspects. It also searches the Korea's current status and characteristics in each R&D stage to enhance Total Factor Productivity (TFP) compared with other developed countries. Our major findings are the followings: (i) Korea's productivity index of R&D input vis-a-vis R&D output is very high (13.39% annual growth rate) compared with those of major advanced countries, whereas the annual average of efficiency index is very low (0.33), i.e. Korea's technical efficiency index has risen to 0.83 at the last time series started at 0.10 point and come up to the level of major advanced countries. (ii) the Korea's productivity index of R&D output vis-a-vis R&D outcome is very low (14.02% annual reduction rate) compared with those of major advanced countries, whereas the annual average of efficiency index is very high (0.22), i.e. Korea's integrated frontier technical efficiency index has dropped to 0.057 at the last time series started at 1.00 point and coming up to the level of major advanced countries. (iii) The productivity of R&D input vis-a-vis R&D outcome is positively correlated with that of R&D output vis-a-vis R&D outcome and the growth of R&D input factors. In a nutshell, it implicates that the effort to take advantage of R&D outputs, namely establishing the diffusion and commercialization system of technical knowledge to the level of developed countries, should be strengthened over that on the growth of R&D investment and output for enhancing R&D productivity and efficiency in Korea.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.173-187
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• 2021

In that economic growth strategy through maximizing input would not working anymore in the rapidly changing economic environment, now we should focus on the improvement of firms' efficiency. This study estimate the efficiency and determinants of the efficiency using the panel data of 938 Korean manufacturing firms which ranked in high R&D investment firms during 2005~2018. We found that both R&D intensity as R&D input and patent stock as R&D output increase the efficiency of firms independently. And firm size, debt ratio, profitability also affect the firm's efficiency.

• Korean small business review
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.147-172
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• 2020

This study presents the determinants of R&D efficiency as the focus on CEO's competency, which influences R&D competency and R&D efficiency. The research samples are 6,708 technology-innovation small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The independent variable is the R&D competency(existence of R&D organization, level of R&D personnel, R&D personnel management, R&D investment), the dependent variable is R&D efficiency. The moderator is the CEO's competency(experience level in its own industry, technical knowledge level, technology management strategy, management ability). R&D efficiency measures the relationship between inputs(level of R&D personnel, R&D investment) and outputs(patent applications, prototype) by the DEA. and the determinant analysis uses Tobit regression. As a result of the analysis, the existence of R&D organization and R&D personnel management is positively significant, level of R&D personnel and R&D investment is negatively significant for R&D efficiency. The moderating effect of CEO's competency on the relationship between the R&D competency and R&D efficiency is significant determinants of CEO's experience(experience level in its own industry, technical knowledge level) and technology management strategy. The finding is to measure the efficiency of R&D performance, and to analyze its determinants as the moderating effect of CEO's competency, using the technology appraisal data. In the conclusion session, the limitations of the research and future research directions were discussed.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.8-15
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• 2019

Korea's R&D investment has significantly increased in recent years and the quantitative outputs such as number of papers and patents have also increased with the investment. However, the quality of R&D outputs has not been fully addressed. In particular, quality of technical performance, such as the quality of patents, has attracted little attention. In this paper, a Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method was used to construct models for efficiency analysis of R&D investment, focused on quality of technical performance. Indices were proposed to analyze the quantitative and qualitative efficiencies of R&D investment. In order to effectively analyze R&D efficiencies, the measurement units of the input and output variables were standardized. Based on cases of livestock quarantine R&D projects of Korea, the quantitative and qualitative efficiencies of national R&D projects were analyzed and factors that would influence R&D efficiencies were identified. This paper suggests that both quantitative and qualitative efficiencies should be considered when measuring R&D efficiency. Also, it is recommended to carefully consider the characteristics of R&D projects during project selection stage.

• IE interfaces
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.192-204
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• 2009

Based on the characteristics of 'Korean electric power industry R&D programs', this study proposes a new performance evaluation framework where electric power industry related R&D projects are scrutinized. The abovementioned R&D programs have their own goals and especially they emphasize the effectiveness as well as the efficiency of each subordinate R&D project. Hence, in this framework, a performance evaluation procedure is established and then a mathematical model is developed according to the procedure. The model calculates performance evaluation indices for a set of R&D projects integrating the effectiveness with the efficiency of each R&D project. In a case study with an empirical dataset, statistical significance is tested on the integrated performance evaluation indices of R&D projects regarding organizational types and program categories considered.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.161-175
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• 2021

This study analyzed the efficiency and influence factors according to the main research institute type of R&D Program for the local community problem-solving. This study applied data envelopment analysis (DEA) method and Tobit regression analysis by using 20 institutions that participated in R&D Program. The results are summarized as follows. First, Analysis results according to the research institute type of R&D project, Efficient DMUs showed more regional innovation institutions than social economy enterprises. But regional innovation institutions were the lowest in the CCR and BCC model. However, efficiency dose not differ between regional innovation institutions and social economy enterprises. Second, as a result of the analysis relation between efficiency and allocation characteristics of R&D input, the participation of regional innovation organizations as participating organizations has a negative effect on efficiency. It was found that the higher the proportion of government subsidies and the higher the employment rate of the vulnerable, which is a social achievement, the positive effect on efficiency. The implication of this study is that the participation of social economy enterprises as the main R&D institution and government R&D support can provide social economy enterprises with opportunities to accumulate R&D capabilities and experience successful commercialization.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.119-125
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• 2017

In this paper, we propose an approach to evaluating the performance of the national R&D investment in IT(Information Technology) areas in terms of paper, patent and commercialization, and seeking ways to improve the efficiency of the national R&D investment. This is because the government has focused the national R&D investment on IT areas for some time. For that purpose, we gather data on investments, papers, patents, and commercializations for the government sponsored R&D projects in IT areas through National Science & Technology Information Service. From which, we summarize the investment and performance in terms of papers, patents, and commercializations for each IT area, evaluate efficiency per R&D investment for each IT area, and compare the efficiencies among IT areas. Finally, we drive implications for efficiency enhancement and strategic R&D budget allocation for each IT area.