• STI Policy Review
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.79-91
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• 2012

With the globalisation of the world's economies and the increasing role of multinational corporations in the generation of knowledge, global research and development (R&D) activities in emerging countries are following a new trend. This paper describes case studies of two large companies and discussion of the motives (demand vs. supply) and tasks (demand-driven vs. supply-driven) of R&D activities outside their home country. This work is based on an analysis of four overseas R&D units of two Korean ICT companies - here, ICT refers to goods and services in the information technology and communication technology fields - in India and China. The research findings are as follows: (1) The overseas R&D activities of Korean ICT enterprises in emerging countries may be driven by a combination of demand and supply factors of host countries; and (2) Korean overseas R&D centres in emerging countries may need to carry out both demand- and supply-driven tasks in view of the overlap between demand and supply factors of the host countries. Based on the results of this research, the following policy implications can be drawn for encouraging more effective overseas R&D activities of Korean enterprises in emerging countries. First, the government needs to expand the support systems so that enterprises can manage local R&D centres more effectively and actively use the variety of local support systems and useful information. Second, the government needs to expand the support systems so that the overseas R&D centres of Korean enterprises revitalise collaborations with locally excellent universities and research institutions.

• 기술혁신연구
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.29-55
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• 2012

본 연구는 BSC의 성공적 구축과 활용에 있어 최근 변화하는 경영환경에 적절하게 대응하고, 기업의 경영활동에서 비재무적 요소가 차지하는 중요성을 감안하여 무형적 자원의 대표적 요소인 R&D 지출과 관련하여 BSC의 KPI를 개발하고, 개발된 지표의 효용성을 실증분석을 통해 검정하고자 하였다. 본 연구를 통해 BSC의 KPI로써 개발된 PEI(Patent Efficiency Index)는 R&D 지출과 R&D의 output 개념인 특허와의 상관성을 고려하여 특허의 효율성 측면에서 만들어 졌으며, 기존의 R&D관련 KPI가 가진 문제점을 해결하고, R&D 성과측정에 관한 새로운 KPI개발을 시도하였다는 점에서 연구적 의의가 있다고 하겠다. 또한 지표의 효용성에 대한 실증분석 결과, 논문의 관심변수인 PEI는 종속변수인 기업경영성과의 대용치로 나타내어진 ROA(총자산이익률)과 토빈Q에 각각 유의한 양의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며 그동안 기존 연구들에서 많은 관심을 가져왔던 R&D 지출보다 R&D의 성과측정지표로서의 설명력이 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이상 결과를 통해 개발된 PEI는 기존의 R&D 지출이 기업성과에 미치는 영향을 설명하는데 있어 설명하지 못하는 추가적인 설명력을 가진다고 할 수 있다. 나아가 이 지표를 통해 기업이 얼마나 효율적인 R&D 활동을 하고 있는지 알 수 있으며, 이는 기업의 R&D 활동의 효율성이 높을 때 기업의 가치나 성과가 높아진다는 것을 시사한다. 본 연구는 기업의 R&D 지출과 기업경영성과 간의 관련성을 특허와 R&D 지출의 효율적인 측면을 측정한 PEI를 통하여 직접적으로 입증함으로써 기존의 R&D 비용 외에 기업의 기업경영성과를 가늠하고 판단할 수 있는 중요한 지표로 쓰일 수 있다는 것을 규명할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• STI Policy Review
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.41-61
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• 2017

The literature in research policy extensively addresses the interaction between public R&D and the society. Scholars have paid particular attention to the way science and technology are diffused into the society and industry with the aim of substantiating their potential value. In practice, having recognized the importance of the said interaction, R&D entities and governmental organizations promote scientific and technological innovations that result from their R&D activities. Yet, the nature of news media exposure as their primary channel to promote R&D outcomes has been remarkably understudied. Using the results of R&D projects supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF), this study examines R&D entities' strategic use of the news media to publicize their outcomes. The empirical results suggest that the scale of an R&D project positively affects the counts of media exposure of its R&D outcomes, whereas the level of technology readiness and the technology life-cycle do not have significant influence. In addition, the results suggest that, compared to senior researchers, young researchers are more likely to publicize their R&D outcomes and that R&D outcomes from highly ranked universities are more likely to be publicized than those from lower-ranking universities despite our control for R&D outcomes. The aforementioned results suggest that in promoting the diffusion of science and technology, especially to the public, policymakers should be concerned about incentives for those who provide techno-scientific information, such as researchers. The social need for the diffusion of techno-scientific information into the public (e.g., technology transfer and diffusion) is an insignificant factor in determining the media exposure of such information, whereas personal benefits and sensitive issues related to a researcher's own R&D activities (e.g., justification for R&D activities) drive researchers to publicize their R&D outcomes. This paper suggests that policymakers, especially those concerned with better diffusion of scientific and technological innovations need to design a proper incentive system to maximize the societal benefits of media exposure.

• 지역연구
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.43-63
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• 2015

본 연구는 시장구조와 연구개발활동 간의 관계를 실증적으로 분석한다. 특히, 연구개발활동의 성과가 특허 등을 통해 법적으로 보호받을 수 있기 전까지 지리적으로 인접한 경쟁기업들에 의해 모방이나 도용이 가능하다면, 이는 클럽재(club good)와 같아서 이의 시장구조를 정의함에 있어 지리적 범위가 국가 전체가 아닌 시군구로 한정될 필요가 있다. "중소기업기술통계조사"를 이용한 본 연구의 분석결과에 의하면, 지역-산업 내 경쟁이 아닌 독과점의 시장구조가 형성될 때 중소기업의 연구개발투자가 보다 활발히 이뤄진다. 하지만, 시장구조를 나타내는 변수를 시군구가 아닌 16개 광역시도, 6개 권역, 혹은 국가 전체에 걸쳐 정의하는 경우 이러한 시장구조와 연구개발활동 간의 관계가 약해지는 것으로 나타난다. 더불어, 연구개발투자를 이의 조달처에 따라 구분하는 경우 해당 기업의 내부 자금에 의한 연구개발투자에 한해 독과점 시장에서 연구개발투자가 보다 활발함을 볼 수 있다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.155-164
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• 2018

Nypa fruticans Wurmb is a species of palm, which is widely distributed in the mangrove forest of Southeast Asia. Various parts of N. fruticans has been used as a traditional medicinal plant. However, the physiological activities of N. fruticans has not yet been clarified well. Therefore, in this study, the 50% ethanol extract and its aqueous and ethyl acetate fractions of young shoots of N. fruticans were investigated for their antioxidant, cytoprotective effect, and antimicrobial activities. Every sample possessed very high free radical and various ROS scavenging capacities assessed by employing different in vitro assays such as $DPPH^{\cdot}$, $O_2^{{\cdot}-}$, ${\cdot}OH$, and $^1O_2$ scavenging activities. Based on these results, the cytoprotective effect was investigated using the oxidative hemolysis of erythrocyte. We found that the extract and fractions provide a greater protective effect compared with (+)-${\alpha}$-tocopherol. Furthermore, antimicrobial activities were confirmed against skin pathogens by broth microdilution assay. The ethyl acetate fraction had much higher antimicrobial activities than methyl paraben against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans. Taken together, our results indicated that the young shoots of N. fruticans may have the potential role as a natural active ingredient through their antioxidant, cytoprotective effect, and antimicrobial activities.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.163-170
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• 2016

본 연구는 우리나라의 중소기업 내 R&D 학습조직의 활동이 경제적 기술적 성과에 미치는 영향을 밝히는데 그 목적이 있다. 국내외 학습조직 연구자들의 선행 연구 조사를 통해 학습조직의 정의, 특징, 유형, 저해요인을 알아 보고 종속변수인 조직성과의 정의, 학습조직과 조직성과와의 관계를 분석하였다. 구미지역 중소기업을 대상으로 설문 조사를 실시하여 R&D 역량(연구기획, 비전 목표 적합성, 프로젝트 관리, 기술의 상용화/사업화)과 학습조직역량(지속적 학습기회의 창출, 지식공유 및 활용시스템, 전략적 학습 리더십)을 7가지의 독립변수로 나누어 기업의 성과와 어떠한 관계에 있는지 회귀분석을 이용하여 살펴보았다. 본 연구는 R&D 학습조직 활동이 기업의 성과에 영향을 미치는 것을 확인함으로써, 기업들의 활발한 R&D 활동을 위해 수반되어져야 할 기업 내 자체 R&D 학습조직의 형성을 촉진시키고, 중소기업들의 R&D 활동의 필요성에 대한 인식 재고에 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국산업정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국산업정보학회 2002년도 추계공동학술대회
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• pp.433-439
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• 2002

In this paper, we implemented technology assessment on the public R＆D activities in IT field in order to select the promising technologies, so called "star technology," making for national industry development. Technology assessment frame in this study included qualitative factors. IT technologies are classified five sector - network, wireless/broadcasting, SW/application/computer/terminal equipment, semiconductor/component. Expert opinion interviews on each field are carried out. Assessment factors consist of technology usefulness and technology competitiveness. In the final analysis, 23 technology items selected as a promising technologies and the results can be used public R＆D planning and If industry policy.

• 대한화장품학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한화장품학회 2003년도 IFSCC Conference Proceeding Book II
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• pp.213-217
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• 2003

Antioxidants have been used in cosmetic industry for treatment of aged skin and recently have been also introduced as additives in photoprotection products. In order to determine among the Brazilian botanical species presenting interesting antioxidant activities we have screened several extracts from plants from Rain and Amazonical Tropical Forests, as well as some endemic species, using both TBARs and DPPH methods. Extracts with antioxidant activities were found with Jacaranda caroba, Veloso DL, Spilanthes oleracea (Spilanthes acmella var. oleracea), Orbignya phalerata, Pothomorphe umbellata, Chiococca brachiata and Polypodium lepidopteris. Other extracts such as Camelia sinensis, Sambucus australis, Rosmarinus officinalis L. were also studied, and showed some antioxidant activity.

• 지식경영연구
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.77-104
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• 2016

The effective management of R&D employees is critical for a small or medium sized firm's sustainable growth. R&D employees have professional skills and choose expertise-oriented or management-oriented careers in the process of organizational socialization. This study synthetically verifies the direct and indirect effects of R&D employees' social network and self-esteem on their career orientation by organizational commitment based on social network theory and social recognition theory. The research model has been analyzed through structural equation modeling using survey responses from 220 R&D employees at small- and medium-sized firms in Korea. The analysis results show that internal network activities have direct and indirect impacts on organizational commitment and career orientation, but external network activities do not have significant effects on self-esteem, organizational commitment, or career orientation. There is no consensus in prior studies on whether expert orientation and management orientation are distinct concepts. In this study, these two types of orientation are verified as distinct concepts. It is also found that R&D employees' internal network activities are significant factors for a company's growth. A company should implement an educational system of roles and duties using which individuals can pursue career progression. In addition, it is necessary to provide career development programs such as job rotation, mentoring, and career counseling.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1989년도 한국자동제어학술회의논문집; Seoul, Korea; 27-28 Oct. 1989
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• pp.795-798
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• 1989

This paper presents some results of teleoperation R&D activities for radioactive work. Heavy power manipulator feature is integrated with vision system implementation of advanced type and tool adaptation to hand gripper. Some assodiated te datth activities of interests to the teleoperation and future directions are also presented.