• Title/Summary/Keyword: R&D Productivity

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Measuring Returns to Scale of the R&D Activity Using Efficient Production Frontier (효율적 생산 프론티어를 이용한 연구개발활동의 규모의 보수성 측정)

  • Go Min Su;Lee Deok Ju
    • Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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    • 2003.05a
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    • pp.683-690
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    • 2003
  • This purpose of this research is an attempt to measure and comparatively analyze the efficiencies and RTS(Returns to Scale) using panel data of OECD countries including Korea. In order to achieve this purpose, at first this study used efficient production frontier estimation combined with DEA for obtaining parameter estimates of a efficient production frontier. secondly using estimated results, measured R&D productivity and RTS(Returns to Scale) on all of the OECD countries. thirdly using time-series data related to R&D activity of korea, measured R&D productivity and RTS(Returns to Scale). Finally based on the results of R&D productivity and RTS(Returns to Scale) using efficient production frontier, some policy implications for enhancing the R&D competitiveness and the technological capabilities are discussed.

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TFP와 Malmquist 생산성지수를 이용한 연구개발투자의 효과분석

  • 김정우;이회경
    • Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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    • 1998.10a
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    • pp.107-110
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    • 1998
  • This paper investigates the productivity growth of four manufacturing industries employing TFP and Malmquist productivity indexes on data for 13 OECD countries covering 1977-1990, and estimates the effects of R&D investment on productivity growth. The results show that there is a large difference between these indexes, and that R&D effects on productivity using TFP and Malmquist productivity indexes are different in value and significance.

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A comparative study on R&D environment, R&D management system, and R&D Productivity between the Government sponsored research institutes and the private R&D centers (정부출연 연구소와 기업부설 연구소의 연구환경, 연구관리체계 및 연구생산성 비교 연구)

  • 이무신;손병호;한종우
    • Journal of Technology Innovation
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    • v.2 no.1
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    • pp.58-88
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    • 1994
  • There have been fierce debates on the issue of generalizability of management functions, techniques, and practices between public and private sectors. Recognizing the growing concerns for the similarities and differences in R&D settings between the two sectors, we compared three public and three private R&D institutes in terms of environment and resources, project management, and R&D productivity. Our results show that there coexist similarities and differences at the same time between the two types of R&D institutes. So, we cannot conclude definitely whether R&D management is really generic or not. But, the authors weakly reject the assertion of generic property of management as far as R&D management is concerned.

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Productivity Upgrading Case for Mid-Term and Long-Term Nuclear R & D (원자력 중장기 연구개발 사업 생산성 향상 사례)

  • 정관성;한도희;장원표;이용범;권영민
    • Proceedings of the Korea Technology Innovation Society Conference
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    • 2001.05a
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    • pp.547-553
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    • 2001
  • A ideal Methodology is a technology that efficiently utilize outputs of research and development (R&D). "Liquid Metal Reactor Design. Technology Development" is under development in Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) as on of the Mid-Term and Long-Term Nuclear R&D by MOST. To upgrade the productivity of the R&D during long period, system type project have been accomplished within plant period through schedule management by phase, outputs auditing, sharing and constructing database.

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A Study on the Effects of Heat Stress on Feedlot Environment and Productivity of Dairy Cattle (고온 환경이 젖소의 생산성 및 축사환경에 미치는 영향 연구)

  • Kim, Byul;Lim, Joung-Soo;Cho, Sung-Back;Hwang, Ok-Hwa;Yang, Seung-Hak
    • Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.63-68
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    • 2014
  • Environmental heat stress by global warming has a severe effect on the productivity of livestock and, in particular, on that of dairy cattle. Heat stress during high temperature environment directly and indirectly affects milk yield, milk quality and physiological response. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of heat stress on productivity and physiological responses of livestock. Temperature-humidity data logger were established inside the feedlot for measuring real time changes in the feedlot environment. Milk was collected every day for analysing the productivity of dairy cattle. Blood sample and respiration of dairy cattle were collected once in a week for investigating the physiological response factors. Blood component concentration associated with lipolysis metabolism and milk production showed change during tropical night period. Temperature humidity index (THI) of a specific location inside the feedlot showed continuously high levels.

Isolation and Characterization of Five Isolates of Tetraselmis sp. with Rapid Growth Rates in Low Temperatures (저온 생장성이 우수한 분리 미세조류 Tetraselmis sp. 5개주의 생장 패턴 및 지방산 조성 분석)

  • Park, Hanwool;Hoh, Donghee;Shin, Dong-Woo;Kim, Z-Hun;Hong, Seong-Joo;Lim, Sang-Min;Lee, Choul-Gyun
    • Journal of Marine Bioscience and Biotechnology
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    • v.11 no.1
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    • pp.23-28
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    • 2019
  • For successful microalgal biodiesel production, the strain should be selected carefully. Fast growth rate and high fatty acid contents are desired traits for algal biodiesel production. In ocean cultivation of microalgae, seawater temperature slowly changes over seasons, and rotating algal strains in accordance with their optimal temperature could improve overall productivity. Additionally, use of indigenous strain is preferred to alleviate potential impacts on the environment. In this study, five strains of Tetraselmis sp. from nearshore of Youngheung Island, Incheon, Korea, were isolated during winter and characterized for their growth patterns and fatty acid compositions in the low temperatures ($5-15^{\circ}C$). The five strains showed various characteristics in optimal growth temperature, fatty acid contents, and compositions. Compared with a strain of Tetraselmis sp., isolated from Ganghwa island in a previous study, a rapid-growing strain with 237% higher biomass productivity and an oleaginous strain with twice higher fatty acid contents at $10^{\circ}C$ were isolated. The oleaginous Tetraselmis strain showed the highest fatty acid productivity among the strains, having 438% higher productivity than the previous strain. Using the new isolates in the seasons with low seawater temperature would improve microalgal fatty acid productivity in ocean cultivation.

The Development and Application of Performance Evaluation Framework of National R&D Programs (지역연구개발사업의 성과평가 방법론 개발과 적용)

  • Choi, Choongik;Kim, Chulmin
    • Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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    • v.31 no.4
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    • pp.71-90
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    • 2015
  • This article aims to explore the performance evaluation framework for assessing the contribution of national research and development(R&D) program to productivity growth. The key idea starts with the development of methodology for evaluating the returns to R&D. The method of this study is based on the comparison of productivity growth between different periods, not cross-sectional approach with one period. In this context, backward effect and forward effect are operationally defined as a measurement for contributions of R&D in this paper. The analysis results gives that the backward effect of R&D is greater than the forward effect, while the difference was especially evident with the case of sales variable, not operating profit variable.

Productivity Effect by Activities in Education & Training and Research & Development after Financial Crisis: An Analysis using the Estimate of E&T Stock (외환위기 이후 기업의 교육훈련활동과 연구개발활동의 생산성 효과: 교육훈련스톡 추계치를 이용한 분석)

  • Ban, Ga Woon
    • Journal of Labour Economics
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    • v.34 no.1
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    • pp.33-69
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    • 2011
  • This study analyses a productivity effect by E&T and R&D activities via estimation of E&T stock, R&D stock, and patent stock in a corporate level. Particularly, the analysis reflects the effects of skilled training after estimating E&T stock from E&T flow. When a spillover effect of E&T is analyzed, a methodology using technical proximity concept becomes a new experiment. Also classifying long and short term effects from the usage of Dynamic Panel Data Analysis becomes a new trial, too. The results of study appear that the productivity effects from E&T investments are relatively lager than R&D investments. Through spillover effects and long-term effects E&T and R&D activities have a strong influence on the corporate's productivity.

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R&D, Innovation and Productivity: The Role of Public Support

  • ELNASRI, AMANI;FOX, KEVIN J.
    • KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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    • v.37 no.1
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    • pp.73-96
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    • 2015
  • Research and innovation are widely agreed to be major driving forces behind long-term productivity and economic growth. However, the relationships have proven to be difficult to quantify. We make reference to the international literature and draw on recent research for Australia to advance our understanding of these relationships. Particular focus is on assessing the impact of publically financed R&D on productivity. The conclusions have implications for government innovation policies, providing insight into possible productivity gains from funding reallocations. Specifically, the findings suggest that government research agencies and higher education are areas in which investment leads to more potential productivity gains.

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The Effect of Environmental Regulation Considering the Endogeneity on the Productivity of Korean Manufacturing Sectors (내생성을 고려한 환경규제 강화가 우리나라 제조업 부문 생산성에 미친 영향 분석)

  • Kim, Taeyoung;Kim, Hongkyun
    • Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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    • v.26 no.4
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    • pp.473-498
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    • 2017
  • This study examines the effect of environmental regulation considering the endogeneity on the productivity of Korean manufacturing industry based on the Porter hypothesis using data from the Mining and Manufacturing Survey, Survey of Research and Development in Korea, and Environmental Statistics Portal from 2003 to 2013 with fixed effect model. In order to eliminate the bias of the missing variables that may occur in the existing studies, we analyze factors affecting productivity such as market competition, R&D investment as explanatory variables. And, in order to eliminate measurement error and inverse causality, we use instrumental variable approach. The main results are as follows. First, our findings that the environmental regulation improve the productivity of Korean manufacturing in the long-run support the Porter hypothesis. Second, our findings suggest that measurement error and reverse causality are main sources of the endogeneity, while omitted variable is not. Finally, environmental technology R&D has reduced productivity in the short-run.