• 기술혁신연구
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.175-193
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to examine relationship between public R&D investment and private R&D investment in Korea, and to obtain policy implications of the results. To this end, the author attempts to provide more careful consideration of the causality issues by applying rigorous techniques of Granger causality. Tests for unit roots, co-integration, and Granger causality based on an error-correction model are presented. The existence of bi-directional causality between public R&D investment and private R&D investment is detected. This finding has various implications for policy analysts and forecasters. Increasing private R&D investment requires enormous public R&D investment, though there are many other factors contributing to private R&D investment, and public R&D investment is but one part of it. Thus, this study generates confidence in decisions to invest in public R&D. Moreover, this study lends support to the argument that increase in private R&D investment, ceteris paribus, gives rise to public R&D investment. Increase in private R&D investment results in greater national income to be spent on R&D investment and stimulates further public R&D investment.

• 기술혁신연구
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.59-82
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• 2023

본 논문에서는 우리나라 경제성장과 연구수행 주체별 공공 연구개발투자, 기업연구개발투자, 대학 연구개발 투자 간의 장·단기 인과관계를 실증 분석하였다. 이를 위해 1976년부터 2020년 동안의 시계열 자료를 바탕으로 단위근 검정, 공적분 검정, 백터오차수정모형(VECM)을 통한 인과성 검정을 실시하였다. 분석결과, 우리나라 경제성장과 공공 연구개발투자, 기업 연구개발투자, 대학 연구개발투자 간에는 장기적으로 인과관계가 존재하는 장기균형관계가 있다는 것을 도출하였다. 그러나, 공공 연구개발투자가 경제성장에 단기적으로 영향을 미치는 데에 비해 기업 및 대학 연구개발투자는 경제성장에 단기적으로 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 더불어, 경제성장 및 공공 연구개발투자, 기업 연구개발투자와 공공연구개발투자, 대학 연구개발투자와 공공 연구개발투자 간에 단기적으로 양방향의 인과관계가 있는 것으로 도출되었다. 마지막으로 단기적으로 공공 연구개발에 인과관계가 있는 것은 GDP 경제성장이며, 대학의 연구개발에 단기적으로 인과관계가 있는 것은 공공 및 기업의 연구개발투자인 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 연구를 통해서 공공 연구개발투자, 기업 연구개발투자, 대학 연구개발 투자와 경제성장 간에는 높은 상호 유기적인 관계가 존재한다는 것을 실증적으로 도출하였다. 향후 연구개발투자가 경제성장에 미치는 파급효과를 높이기 위해서는 대학과 기업의 연구개발투자가 상호 촉진되고, 기업의 연구개발투자가 공공 연구개발투자에 긍정적 영향을 미쳐 공공 연구개발투자가 향후 경제성장에 기여할 수 있도록 하는 정책개발이 필요할 것이다.

• 기술혁신연구
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.147-165
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• 2008

The researches on cyclical patterns of R&D investment has a long history in developed economies since the Schumpeterian hypothesis that long-term productivity-enhancing innovative activities increase during recession. But in Korea the cyclical patterns of R&D investment is one of the unexplored academic areas. Unlike theoretical explanation of R&D's cyclical pattern, empirical results has shown that R&D investment is procyclical to business cycles in developed countries. This paper investigates whether Korean R&D investment show procyclical or countercyclical pattern to business cycles. The empirical results show that Korean R&D investment in private area is procyclical to business cycles with statistical significance, which confirms the credit-constraint theory's prediction, while public area's is not sensitive to them. Public R&D investment has long-term investment characteristics and can be utilized to stabilize procyclically-fluctuating private R&D investment.

• 기술혁신학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.279-297
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• 2003

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the determinants of company R＆D investment with zero observations by using the data of R＆D Scoreboard published by Ministry of Science and Technology(2002). Conventional parametric approach to dealing with zero investments is not robust to heteroscedastic and/or non-normal error structure. Thus, this study applies symmetrically trimmed least squares(STLS) estimation as a semi-parametric approach to dealing with zero R&D investments. The result of specification test indicates the semi-parametric approach outperforms the parametric approach significantly. Moreover, the results of the study provide various implications as summarized below. The R&D investment of IT company is larger than that of non-IT company. The R&D investment has a positive relation to foreigners' investment ratio. The higher degree of financial self-reliance is, the larger the R&D investment is. Firm size variables such as sales amount and the number of workers are positively related to R&D investment. The sales elasticity of R&D investment is larger than one. However, the workers elasticity of R&D investment is smaller than one.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.19-33
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• 2015

Recently, interest in research and development (R&D) investment decisions have increased among Korean domestic enterprises. However, existing R&D investment studies only focused on government R&D investment policies while only a few studies investigated firm level R&D investment. Prior literatures also overlooked the feedback loop between R&D investment and firm performance. Therefore, this paper identifies a system dynamics model for R&D investment decision making in domestic electronics firms. The conceptual model is derived from R&D investment-related theories found in bodies of literature on company performance, enterprise activity, and market maturity. This study investigates the dynamic feedback between R&D activities and sales using the system dynamics model. In other words, the system dynamics model is used to explain the change in the closed feedback circulation structure in R&D investment activities including technology development, production process, and marketing that subsequently result in sales increase and re-investment into R&D from the generated revenues. There are two major results. First, a similar ratio of investment on technology development and production process derives the higher company sales. Second, regardless of market maturity, marketing investment ratio positively affects sales and R&D budget growth. This study provides a system dynamics model to find the optimal ratio for R&D investment and suggests managerial strategic implications on electronic firm R&D investment decision making under market maturity condition.

• 기술혁신연구
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.137-167
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• 2013

본 논문은 정부의 R&D 투자를 위한 재정지출의 확대가 민간기업의 연구개발 투자의 확대에 어떠한 영향을 미치며, R&D 투자 확대를 위한 대학과 기업의 지출 간의 관계에서 어떠한 관계가 확인되는지를 추정하고 있다. 본 논문의 추정결과를 통해 얻을 수 있는 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, R&D 투자확대를 위한 정부의 재정지출 확대는 민간기업의 R&D 투자를 확대시킨다. 그러나 대학 등의 고등교육기관의 지출 확대는 오히려 민간기업의 투자를 위축시킨다. 둘째, 대학의 R&D 투자의 확대가 민간기업의 R&D 투자를 구축하는 효과는 강하게 나타나고 있으며, 이러한 구축효과는 각 국가의 경제력, 재정상황, 그리고 경기변동 등 구조적인 변화에 강하게 영향을 받는다. 셋째, R&D 투자를 위한 정부지출이 대학과 기업 중에서 대학에 더 집중될수록 대학과 기업 간의 비대칭적인 관계는 강하게 나타나며, 이러한 관계에는 대학의 투자재원 중 기업부분으로부터의 투자재원이 큰 영향을 미친다. 넷째, 비록, R&D 투자의 확대를 위한 정부의 보조금 규모가 커질수록 기업의 R&D 투자가 확대되고 대학과 기업의 비대칭적인 관계가 개선된다고 하더라도, 정부의 보조금을 통해서 이러한 문제들을 전적으로 해결하기는 사실 상 어렵다.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.61-81
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• 2015

Investment in research and development (R&D) is critical in the information technology (IT) firms, where newer and better technology is a quintessential goal that directly affects innovation and competitive advantage. This study investigates how R&D investment influences firm performance and value, and how the effect of R&D investment differs between IT hardware and software firms. We also analyze the relationship between firm age and R&D investment in order to identify learning effects on continuous R&D investment. The empirical investigation in this study, based on longitudinal archival data from 2001 to 2010, found a significant effect of R&D investment on firm performance in IT firms. Further, this study demonstrates causal relationship between firm age, and verifies that learning effects are present in R&D investment. Moreover, the results are found to differ between IT hardware and IT software firms.

• 기술혁신연구
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.191-213
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• 2008

This study investigates the effect of technology import and R&D investment on the value of the firm in Korea. The result shows that the technology import announcement effect of firms with a low R&D investment is higher than that of firms with a high R&D investment. The evidence suggests that technology import can substitute the existing R&D capability of the firm. In addition, the result shows that there is an optimal level of technology import and R&D investment to maximize the value of the firm. In particular, firms with a low R&D investment and a large amount of technology import experience the highest announcement effect. The study concludes that an adequate allocation of fim's capital between R&D investment and technology import is needed for firm's optimal technology strategy.

• 한국기술혁신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국기술혁신학회 2000년도 추계 학술대회(The 2000 Autumn Conference of korea Technology Inovation Society)(한국기술혁신학회)
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• pp.346-356
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• 2000

This paper aims to analyse the relationship between R＆D investment and economic growth in Korea. The analysis result shows 38 percent of average economic growth rate(7.1%) of Korea between 1976 and 1998 was achieved by the growth of Total Factor Productivity (TFP), and the R&D investment during the period contributed in achieving the economic growth rate by as much as 9.86 percent. In the process of the estimate, the rate of return of the R&D investment from both government and private was calculated as 47 percent. The relationship between private R&D investment, government R&D investment and the GDP was also investigated, and it was estimated that the private sector invested 2.0 percent of the GDP in R&D during the period, and was found that 1 won of government R&D investment induced 0.202 won of private sector's R&D investment. However, the time-lag effect, which is naturally believed to exist between the R&D investment and the economic growth, could not be analysed in a mathematical form, because of the lack of the data to establish this relationship. However, this paper believe that the time-lag effect in this relationship was included implicitly by using the data of 23 years.

• 한국시스템다이내믹스학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국시스템다이내믹스학회 2004년도 춘계 학술대회 발표논문집
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• pp.19-52
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• 2004

This study aims to grasp invisible yet dynamic systemic structure that influences the general procedure of national R＆D investment system in Korea using "system dynamic methods and to suggest policy lever. Various conflicting situations, 'R＆D investment paradoxes' in myopia investment and principal-agent problems etc, arise when the government decides R＆D investment area and makes indispensable choice. Difficulty in the decision can be amplified due to misalignments among decision on adequate amount of R＆D investment ("strategic loop"), R＆D system ("structural loop") and acceptance and realization by R＆D laboratories and theirs researcher ("efficacy loop"). Results of modeling and simulation of korea national R＆D investment system with consideration of three causal loops show the switching pattern dynamically, in which form of technologies shifts from one to another stage like paradigm shift, when the R＆D investment reaches a certain stork. R＆D investment increases are directly not liked to R＆D productivities because of delays and side effects during transition periods between different stages of technology development. Thus, It is necessary to develope strategies in order to enhance efficiency of technological development process by perceiving the switching pattern.