• 기술혁신연구
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.155-172
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• 2000

Management control is the process by which managers ensure that resources are obtained and used effectively and efficiently in achieving the organization's objectives. This paper explores relationships between characteristics of R&D and management control. R&D characteristics measured in this research include the degree of technological uncertainty and the measurability of outputs. Management control was classified and categorized into observable dimensions of control such as behavior, budget, process, results and personnel control. The relationships were tested with questionnaire survey data from a sample of 206 principal investigators(PIs) in the thirteen Government supported research institutes(GSRIs) in Korea. There are significant negative relations between the degree of technological uncertainty and budget, process and personnel control, and significant positive relations between the measurability of outputs and process, results and personnel control. These results indicate that the relations between task characteristics and management control in R&D are different from those to be found in other activities of organizations.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.137-140
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• 2011

Research and development (R&D) is very important to acquire new knowledge in various fields. The significance of public R&D is also increasing, especially related to health policy making, establishing basic databases, and enhancing basic and clinical science. The total budget of general public R&D in Korea was approximately ten billon US Dollars in 2008, but the proportion of health care research was just below 10%. In private sectors, it was three times the amount allocated to the public budget. In this article, recent trends in public R&D in Korea, especially related to health care policy and biotechnology are summarized. A brief overview of the application process for a specific policy fund is also described for early-stage researchers in these fields.

• 한국고분자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국고분자학회 2006년도 IUPAC International Symposium on Advanced Polymers for Emerging Technologies
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• pp.60-61
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• 2006

New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) promotes R&D that individual private sector enterprises can not undertake by themselves. To do this, it utilizes an extensive network that supports cooperation between industries, universities, and public research organizations. NEDO's government-funded R&D budget for FY2005 totals approximately 148.8 billion yen. Fuel cells and hydrogen technology development project is one of NEDO's emphasizing projects. The budget size was ${\yen}$20.8 billion, corresponding to about 60% of annual expenditure of Japanese government for fuel cells in FY2005. These projects consist of 8 programs as follows.

• 기술경영경제학회:학술대회논문집
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• 기술경영경제학회 1998년도 제13회 하계학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.38-56
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• 1998

We are faced with the crisis of the R&D investment because of the effects of the IMF conditions. Most of the laboratories are going to restructure by the cutting off of money, man power and the reduction of R&D thema. Therefore it is necessary to allocate the R&D resources effectively to the R&D projects. The evaluation and the selection of the R&D projects have been recognized as the most important process for the allocation of the R&D resources. The result of the KITA(1997) shows that the commercial success rate of the R&D from new-product brain storming is only 5.8%. This study aims to analyze the actual conditions of the cost benefit analysis(CBA) of R&D projects of selected laboratories and to study measure methods of the R&D benefits. The research method of this study reviews the CBA of R&D firstly, and surveys 200 selected high ranking labs of the R&D expenditures. For the comparison of the results between '87 and '97, this survey used the same questionaries for each year. As the result of the survey only 27 labs(response rate 13.5%) responded. The result of the '97 survey is as follows : The CBA is used by 44% of responding labs. The economic evaluation method for the R&D project selection is used by 48% of labs and this numbers increased by over 10 percents points compared with the result of '87. The CBA is used for about 40% about each of the budget preparing and the budget analysis, and by 30% of labs to analyze sales and expenditures of the overall period of the project. As the measurement of benefits of R&D projects, 30% of labs responded that it is impossible to measure the benefits, and 20% of labs measured the benefits between sales and expenditures of the R&D project.

• 기술혁신연구
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.208-237
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• 1998

We are faced with the crisis of the R&D investment because of the effects of the IMF conditions. Most of the laboratories are going to restructure by the cutting off of money, man power and the reduction of R&D theme. Therefore it is necessary to allocate the R&D resources effectively to R&D projects. The evaluation and the selection of R&D projects have been recognized as the most important process for the allocation of the R&D resources. The result of the KITA(1997) shows that the commercial success rate of the R&D from new-product brain storming is only 5.8%. This study aims to analyze the actual conditions of the cost benefit analysis(CBA) of R&D projects of selected laboratories and to study measure methods of the R&D benefits. The research method of this study reviews the CBA of R&D firstly, and surveys 200 selected high ranking labs of R＆D expenditures. For the comparison of the results between '87 and '97, this survey used the same questionary for each year. As the result of the survey only 27 labs(response rate 13.5%) responded. The result of the '97 survey is as follows : The CBA is used by 44% of responding labs. The economic evaluation method for the R&D project selection is used by 48% of labs and this numbers increased by over 10 percents points compared with the result of '87. The CBA is used for about 40% about each of the budget preparing and the budget analysis, and by 30% of labs to analyze sales and expenditures of the overall period of the project. As the measurement of benefits of R&D projects, 30% of labs responded that it is impossible to measure the benefits, and 20% of labs measured the benefits between sales and expenditures of R&D projects.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.113-120
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• 2019

점차 삶의 수준이 향상됨에 따라 건강하고 여유로운 삶에 대한 니즈가 증가하고 있다. 문화에 대한 대중의 니즈를 반영하여 국내에는 여러 개의 상영관으로 구성된 멀티플렉스가 빠른 속도로 보급되고 있다. 그러나 화재발생 시 피난안전 측면에 있어 위험성을 내포하고 있다. 건물의 공간 형태에 익숙하지 않은 불특정 다수의 관객은 피난으로 인한 입장 및 퇴장 동선의 충돌로 혼잡을 겪게 되기 때문이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 피난시간을 단축할 수 있는 방안을 마련하고자, 상영관별 단계적 피난을 적용하여 피난시뮬레이션을 실시하였다. 해석 결과, 전 상영관이 동시 피난하는 것보다 상영관별로 단계적인 피난하는 것이 피난시간 확보에 유리한 것으로 나타났다.

• 전자통신동향분석
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.107-117
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• 2016

최근 들어 우리나라는 재정 건전성이 악화되는 가운데 경제성장률이 해마다 낮아지고 있다. 이는 향후의 R&D 재정투자가 양적 확대보다는 선택과 집중을 통한 지출 효율화 노력이 필요한 시점이 되었다는 것을 의미한다. 2016년 1월, 마이너스 기준금리를 도입하기로 결정해 세계의 이목을 집중시키고 있는 일본은 한국에 앞서 이미 수십 년간 구조적 저성장을 경험하고 있다. 본고는 과학기술 혁신정책을 지속 가능한 성장과 사회적 혁신을 위한 중요 수단으로 인식하고 저성장 경제를 극복하기 위한 다양한 시도를 하고있는 일본의 R&D 정책수립 및 예산배분체계의 분석을 통하여 한국의 상황에 적용할 수 있는 정책적 시사점을 도출하고자 한다.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.847-859
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• 2019

Purpose: The companies must be located in the area, scale up, create jobs, and return to the local economy. This paper attempted to analyze empirically the relationship between regional context and entrepreneurial orientation(EO) in the region of Korea. Methods: This paper analyzed survey data and regional statistics. We measured EO by region and then examined which regional context affect EO. Regional contexts were measured by population, economic size, budget size, firm size, innovation capacity, and education level. EO was measured by innovativeness, risk taking, proactiveness, autonomy, competitive aggressiveness, and need for achievement. Results: EO was high in the region where the budget size per thousand population, the number of manufacturers per thousand population, the number of new corporations per thousand population, the number of R&D personnel per thousand population, and the number of students of higher education institutions per thousand population were high. Conclusion: The implications of this paper are that regional context affect EO, and there are differences in budget scale, firm size, innovation capacity, and education level. In regions with many investment resources for innovation and startups and manufacturers, the number of R&D personnel and students of higher education institutions (future R&D personnel), in particular, determines EO.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.39-60
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• 1995

In this paper, an integration of stochastic dynamic programming (SDP), integer goal programming (IGP) and analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is proposed to handle multiobjective-multicriteria sequential decision making problems under uncertainty inherent in R & D investment planning. SDP has its capability to handle problems which are sequential and stochastic. In the SDP model, the probabilities of the funding levels in any time period are generated using a subjective model which employs functional relationships among interrelated parameters, scenarios of future budget availability and subjective inputs elicited from a group of decision makers. The SDP model primarily yields an optimal investment planning policy considering the possibility that actual funding received may be less than anticipated one and thus the projects being selected under the anticipated budget would be interrupted. IGP is used to handle the multiobjective issues such as tradoff between economic benefit and technology accumulation level. Other managerial concerns related to the determination of the optimal project portifolio within each stage of the SDP model. including project selection, project scheduling and annual budget allocation are also determined by the IGP. AHP is proposed for generating scenario-based transformation probabilities under budgetary uncertainty and for quantifying the environmental risk to be considered.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.130-136
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 2007년부터 2013년까지 수행된 소방안전 및 구조 구급 분야 기술 체계별 연구개발비 투자 현황을 분석하였으며 이를 바탕으로 국내 소방안전 및 구조 구급분야 연구개발 역량에 대해 조사 분석하였다. 국민안전처 소방안전 분야 연구비는 점진적으로 증가하는 추세이며, 소방안전 및 특수재난 대응 기술과 소방안전 및 특수재난 예방 대비 기술 관련 R&D에 80%에 이상의 예산이 투자되었음을 알 수 있었다. 소방안전 및 구조 구급 R&D의 역량을 분석한 결과, 7점 만점 기준으로 절반(3.5점)에 못 미치는 중간 정도의 수준인 것으로 조사되었다. 향후, 국민안전처 소방안전 분야 연구개발 발전을 위해서는 자원에 대한 운용 능력이 향상될 수 있도록 예산/법/제도 등 지원 체계의 유연성 및 합리성이 확보되어야 하며, 추가적으로 성과물이 실용화, 사업화, 상용화가 될 수 있도록 성과 확산 프로그램 사업이 필요하다고 판단된다.