• Proceedings of the SCSK Conference
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• 2003.09b
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• pp.44-49
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• 2003

$\alpha$-MSH plays an important role in UV induced melanogenesis in human skin. It is believed to exert its effects by binding to $\alpha$-MSH receptor that in turn activates adenylate cyclase and increase melanocyte proliferation, dendricity and melanogenesis. In this study, we evaluated plant extracts showing the inhibitory activity on $\alpha$-MSH induced melanogenesis. The Cnidium officinale extracts showed high inhibitory activity on $\alpha$-MSH induced melanogenesis. It ($50{\mu}\textrm{g}$/ml) inhibited the melanin synthesis activated by $\alpha$-MSH in B-16 melanoma cells. Also, we isolated active compound from C. officinale extracts by Mass spectrophotometer, HPLC. It was identified as Senkyunolide A. It showed the same inhibitory activity as C. officinale extracts at the lower concentration. Finally, Senkyunolide A from Cnidium officinale extracts could playas $\alpha$-MSH antagonist and be used as a strong ingredient for skin whitening cosmetics.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.177-183
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• 2004

In order to develop new anti-photoaging agents, we examined the antioxidative activity and the inhibition effect of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) on the extracts of a marine product, Zostera marina L., which is known for its potent activity. Three compounds (compounds 1, 2, and 3) were isolated from an ethyl acetate (EtOAc) soluble fraction of the product; they were identified as apigenin-7 -O-$\beta$-D-glucoside (1), chrysoeriol (2), and luteolin (3). These compounds were found to scavenge radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and were measured to have $SC_{50}$/ values of 0.18 mM, 0.68 mM, and 0.01 mM against the 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and 0.04 mM, 0.03 mM, and 0.01 mM against the superoxide radical in the xanthine/xanthine oxidase system, respectively. Compound 3 suppressed the expression of MMP-1 by up to 44％ at 4.0 $\mu$M and inhibited the production of interleukin 6 (IL-6), which is known as a cytokine that induces MMP-1 expression. From these results, compound 3 and the other compounds were determined to have antioxidative activity and to inhibit MMP-1 expression. Thus, the three compounds are expected to be useful for preventing the photoaging of skin.

• Food Science and Industry
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.23-38
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• 2012

• Proceedings of the SCSK Conference
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• 2003.09b
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• pp.174-183
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• 2003

To obtain effective and safe topical depigmenting agents, we synthesized hydroxybenzoates, alkoxybenzoates, and 3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamate containing a thymol moiety and screened then for high-level inhibitory activity against melanin synthesis. Among them, 5-methyl-2-(methylethyl)phenyl (2Ε)-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate (Melasolv)$^{TM}$ 4h, showed the most potent depigmenting effect ($IC_{50}$/ = 10$\mu$M) with low cytotoxicity ($IC_{50}$/ = 200$\mu$M). To find the inhibition mechanism of our candidate, various in vitro tests were performed such as DPPH assay, tyrosinase activity in mushroom or in culture cell and expression of tyrosinase, TRP-l and TRP-2. The result of this study suggested that 4h inhibited melanin synthesis by reducing the expression of tyrosinase and TRP-l at the transcriptional level in melan-a melanocytes.s.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers Conference
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• 2011.11a
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• pp.41-41
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• 2011

The aims of this study were to examine the efficacy of phytochemicals of Rumex crispus as anti-oxidant and anti-browning agent. The bioactive properties of Rumex crispus as natural colorants were studied by total phenolic contents, DPPH radical scavenging, ABTS radical scavenging,lipid peroxidation, cell viability, singlet oxygen quenching and photoprotection effect. Among all of the results ($IC_{50}$: the concentration of various extracts required to exert 50% reducing effect), the higher activity of the extract was found in the ethyl acetate and butanol extracts. Anti-browning activity was evaluated by monitoring the change $L^*$, $a^*$, $b^*$ values and total color differences(${\Delta}E$). It was found that ethyl acetate and butanol extracts effectively inhibited browning in apple juice at a concentration below 0.3 mg/ml. Rumex crispus extracts used natural colorants could be of good resources as anti-oxidant and anti-browning agents. The results suggest that our study may contribute to the development of natural and functional materials with potential application to reduce oxidative damage.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.122-127
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• 1997

Chitin and chitosan have been almost neglected until 1960's although they second largest biomass on earth. Chitosan is a partially deacetylated chitin and belongs to the class of cationic biopolymers. We investigated the antimicrobial activity of chitosan as natural preservatives in cosmetic products. Antimicrobial activity of chitosan against some microorganisms was investigated. The results indicated that chitosan had an effectiveness against some bacteria. We found that chitosan had minimum inhibitory concentataions as low as 100 ppm to S. aureus ATCC 6538, E. coli ATCC 1634 and P. aeruginosa KCTC 2004. But there was not effects to Asp. Niger ATCC 1374 at 1,000 ppm. Also, formuias preserved with chitosan have been subjected to preservative efficacy tests to some microorganisms. Formla preserved with 0.5% chitosan had an effective antimicrobial activity against the Gram (+) and Gram (-) bacteria but not fungi. It is possible to dertermine the formulas with chitosan, which would be effective to reduce the artificial preservatives.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.383-390
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• 2014

The following conclusion was made from the 2D-QSAR model for the tyrosinase inhibitory activity according to the variation of the substituents R1 and R2 in analogues of compound 2-[(2,6-dioxocyclohexyl)methyl]cyclohexane- 1,3-dione (1-23). The best optimized 2D-QSAR model was $Obs.pI_{50}=-0.295({\pm}0.031)TDM$ $-0.120({\pm}0.014)DMZ+0.135({\pm}0.050)DMX.R_2+6.382({\pm}0.17)$, and the correlation $r^2=0.905$) of which was greater than its predictability ($q^2=0.843$). The magnitude of the effect of tyrosinase inhibitory activities was in order of TDM > $DMX.R_2{\geq}DMZ$, and it tended to increase as the hydrophobicity of substrate molecule (ClogP > 0) as well as the steric favor of substituent $R_1$ increased. The analysis of the model implies that inhibitory activity of substrate molecule will increase as $DMX.R_2$ (Dipole moment X component of $R_2$-substituent) increases, while TDM (Total Dipole Moment) and DMZ(Dipole Moment of Z-Component) decrease. As such, it is deemed feasible to conclude, that in order to increase the inhibitory effect, it would be rather desirable to replace the polar groups within the molecules with non-polar functional groups.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.221-226
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• 2010

A rare isoflavone, 7, 8, 4'-trihydroxyisoflavone, was isolated from a 10-year-old fermented soybean food. 7, 8, 4'-trihydroxyisoflavone was isolated for the first time from a Korean fermented soybean food. Evaluation tests of biological activity showed significantly inhibition activity for free radical scavenging on both non-enzymatic (DPPH system) and enzymatic method (xanthine oxidase system). DPPH radical scavenging effect of 7, 8, 4'-trihydroxyisoflavone was similar with vitamin C in a dose-dependent manner. In xanthine oxidase (XO) system 7, 8, 4'-trihydroxyisoflavone showed superoxide radical inhibition activity of 50 % at a concentration of $6.6{\pm}0.4\;{\mu}M$. Also, the compound significantly suppressed cellular MMP-1 formation. These results suggest that 7, 8, 4'-trihydroxyisoflavone could be developed as a potential preventive or therapeutic agent against skin aging.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.89-95
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• 1998

The aim of this study is to elucidate the anti-microbial activity and anti-oxidative activity of water-soluble chitosan with a molecular weight of 5,000-200,000. Water-soluble chitosans have demonstrated a regular anti-microbial activity on the tested strians by the paper disk method. In the MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) test, CC-01 (MW=5,000) with the lower MW showed the higher MIC value than the higher MW chitosan. The MW of chitosan increase, the MIC decreases. MICs of 4 chitosans(CC-02∼CC-05) against S. aureusTCC 65389, E coli ATCC 8739, p. aeruginosa, ATCC 9027 and C. albicans ,ATCC 10231 were 7.0-39.O$\mu\textrm{m}$, whereas MICs of chitosans against A. niger were over 2.OmM. Formula containing chitosan showed higher anti-microbial activities than the formula made with the chemical preservatives(Methylparaben 0.2％ and Imidazolidinyl Urea 0.3％). Among 5 water-soluble chitosans, CC-03(MW=92,163) showed the most potent anti-oxidative activity (IC$\sub$50/ : 0.2mM). In conclusion, the water-soluble low molecular weight chitosan could be served as natural preservatives and antioxidant in cosmetics.

• 한국약용작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.229-230
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• 2007