• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.40 no.1
• /
• pp.81-85
• /
• 2000

Coxiella burnetii (C burnetii) is the causative agent of Q fever in animal and human. The distribution of the disease has been documented around world. In this study we developed the competitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(cELISA) and compared it with indirect immunofluorescent assay(IFA). A monoclonal antibody(Mab) against C burnetii and a peroxidase-conjugated anti-mouse IgM were used as an indicator system competing against antibody in animal serum or as an indicater of the absence of antibody. Sera were considered antibody positive when the percentage inhibition index(PI index) is upper than 30. PI index is calculated as 100-[sample OD/Mab OD)${\times}100$]. Among 162 bovine serum samples, 23 samples were antibody positive both in cELISA and IFA. And 156 samples showed same results. From goat with experimentally induced infection with C burnetii the antibody was detected 20 days early in cELISA compared to IFA. On the basis of present findings, it was demonstrated that cELISA is a reliable diagnostic method for The detection of specific antibodies against C burnetii infection.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Veterinary Pathology Conference
• /
• 2003.10a
• /
• pp.58-58
• /
• 2003

The present experiment was carried out to study the pathogenesis of Newcastle disease by immunohisthochemistry and RT-PCR Two weeks aged specific pathogen-free chickens (White Leghorn) were inoculated with Newcastle disease virus(Kyojeongwon Strain : NDV) intranasally. (omitted)

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• v.48 no.6
• /
• pp.265-270
• /
• 2015

The recent Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) outbreak has originated from a failure in the national quarantine system in the Republic of Korea as most basic role of protecting the safety and lives of its citizens. Furthermore, a number of the Korean healthcare system's weaknesses seem to have been completely exposed. The MERS-CoV outbreak can be considered a typical public health crisis in that the public was not only greatly terrorized by the actual fear of the disease, but also experienced a great impact to their daily lives, all in a short period of time. Preparedness for and an appropriate response to a public health crisis require comprehensive systematic public healthcare measures to address risks comprehensively with an all-hazards approach. Consequently, discussion regarding establishment of post-MERS-CoV improvement measures must focus on the total reform of the national quarantine system and strengthening of the public health infrastructure. In addition, the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention must implement specific strategies of action including taking on the role of "control tower" in a public health emergency, training of Field Epidemic Intelligence Service officers, establishment of collaborative governance between central and local governments for infection prevention and control, strengthening the roles and capabilities of community-based public hospitals, and development of nationwide crisis communication methods.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.38 no.3
• /
• pp.574-580
• /
• 1998

Anthrax caused by Bacillus anthracis is one of the most important zoonotic diseases in the worldwide. To control and prevent the disease effectively, several methods such as development of a fast and specific diagnostic method and vaccine, education etc, have been carried out. However, it still has a problem in the control and prevention. To control, the most important method is the prevention of direct or indirect contact of the causative agent with susceptible host. Therefore, we developed a fast and specific detection method, polymerase chain reaction, of B anthracis from soil and infected animals because the organism could survive long time in the environment including soil due to formation of spore. With the method, virulence genes of B anthracis were successfully amplified from experimentally infected soil and mice. Up to $4.2{\times}10$ of the organisms per gram could be detected with the PCR method from experimentally infected soil. These results suggested that this PCR method could be effectively used not only to detect B anthracis in soil and infected animal but also to provide the information to prevent the disease.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.39 no.2
• /
• pp.301-310
• /
• 1999

Anthrax caused by Bacillus anthracis is one of the most important zoonotic diseases. The bacterium produces several virulence factors. Of the factors, protective antigen (PA) of tripatite toxin has been identified as a central component in the pathogenesis of anthrax. However, precise roles of PA and other cellular components in the reaction with the target cells remain to be elucidated, especially in the initial stage of the disease. Three B anthracis antigens were prepared for investigation; PA, sonicated cellular antigens (S-Ag) and formalin-inactivaed whole cell antigens (W-Ag). PA was purified from culture supernatant of the bacterium using FPLC system with MonoQ. S-Ag and W-Ag were prepared by sonication and formalin inactivation of the cultured cells, respectively. Purity of the antigens was confirmed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot analysis. The roles of these antigens in the production of inflammatory mediators such as NO, IL-6 and $TNF{\alpha}$ from mouse peritoneal macrophages were investigated. PA alone did not induce the production of the inflammatory mediators while the other antigens, S-Ag and W-Ag, did in a dose and time dependent manner. These results suggested that in addition to major virulence factors, other cellular antigens are also involved in the initial stage of the disease by the induction of inflammatory mediators.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.47 no.2
• /
• pp.117-126
• /
• 2008

Nine species of Curculionidae, Pimelocerus elongates (Roelofs, 1873), Phylaitis maculiventris Voss, 1958, Egiona picta (Roelofs, 1875), Cryptorhynchus electus (Roelofs, 1875), Rhadinopus confinis Voss, 1958, R. sulcatostriatus (Roelofs, 1875), 1962, Deiradocranus setosus (Morimoto, 1962), Rhadinomerus annulipes (Roelofs, 1875), and R. maebarai Chujo et Voss, 1960 are recorded for the first time in Korea. And the distribution of the species of Shirahoshizo hiurai Morimoto to Korea which its distribution was unclear is confirmed with this report. Habitus photos and descriptions of the species are given.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
• /
• v.42 no.2
• /
• pp.113-116
• /
• 2019

Bovine theileriosis caused by Theileria sergenti is a tick-borne hematoprotozoan disease that is characterized by chronic anemia and fever in cattle. In this study, results of microscopic examination and PCR detection confirmed 17 Korean native cattle with emaciation and fever as acute bovine theileriosis caused by T. sergenti. Buparvaquone was injected as treatment, but was proved to be an inappropriate measure according to our study. After 6 months of injection, clinical signs and hematological values were recovered, but T. sergenti was still identified in blood sample as a result of microscopic exam and PCR. These results suggest that continuous management is necessary to control bovine theileriosis. Therefore, findings of this study may provide significant guideline on the control of bovine theileriosis.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.47 no.4
• /
• pp.417-423
• /
• 2007

Serological surveillance programs in animal populations are becoming increasingly important to estimate prevalence of a specific disease and subsequently to document disease-free status in a region or a country. For these purposes, the programs need to be based on both theoretical and economical aspects from the designing phase. From Aujeszky's disease (AD)-eradication program point of view, group of animals (aggregates, herds) not individual animal is the more important sampling unit of concern. In this study the authors therefore attempted to compute an appropriate sample size tailored to a current surveillance program against AD, assuming that the goal of this program is either herd-level prevalence estimation or documentation of AD-freedom. For prevalence estimation, assuming a finite population with imperfect sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) of ELISA kit for AD diagnosis, the number of herds present, expected herd prevalence, and desired accuracy for a certain level of confidence, sample size was estimated at herd-level in the first stage and individual animal-level in the second stage. A two-stage sampling design was used to calculate a sample size to indicate AD-freedom. In this instance, the computation was based on the possible detection of a predetermined prevalence at a certain herd-level Se and Sp. This study indicated that the sample size varied with predetermined confidence, tolerance, Se and Sp at herd- and animal-level, and within- and among-herd prevalence. In general, smaller sample size was required to estimate AD prevalence than to document of AD-freedom. Compared to individual-based samples, two-stage sampling strategy requires a larger sample size to show disease-freedom. Statistical considerations including herd-level test characteristics when designing surveillance program also are further discussed.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.39 no.4
• /
• pp.778-785
• /
• 1999

To detect CDV RNA in clinical samples and differentiate prevailing CDV virulent strains affecting susceptible animals from attenuated vaccine strains, we performed RT-PCR, RFLP, and sequencing. CDV specific primers were generated from the middle part of nucleocapsid gene. The expected size of PCR products, 519 bp, was observed in tissues of Jindo dog, poodle dog, badger, fourteen of nineteen blood samples as well as 5 vaccine strains including domestic and imported products. The PCR products obtained from tissues and PBMCs of infected animals were digested to 317- and 202-bp fragments by Bam HI, but the products obtained from four of five vaccine strains and Lederle strain were not digesed by Bam HI. Only one vaccine strain of which the PCR products were digested by Bam HI was confirmed as imported vaccine, modified Synider Hill strain. Based on seqencing data obtained from the 519-bp products, it was confirmed that Bam HI restriction site tends to be conserved in field isolates compared to the commercially available attenuated vaccine strains. Partial nucleotide sequences of CDV NP gene obtained from tissues of Jindo dog, poodle and badger shared 100% homology each other, whereas the nucleotide sequences showed 96.3, 96.5, 93.6 and 93.4% homology with Yanaka (virulent), Han95 (virulent), Lederle (attenuated) and Onderstepoort (attenuated) strain, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.44 no.3
• /
• pp.415-420
• /
• 2004

Immunoprophylatic effect of IgY against B. bronchispetica was proven with 100% preventive rate in mice administrated with IgY with antibody titer 1:640~1:2,560. Intramuscular administration was more efficient than oral administration. This phenomenon was also observed in the therapeutic effects of IgY after challenge with B. bronchseptica in mice. In the field trials with the egg yolk antibodies from hens immunized with combined antigens with B. bronchiseptica and parvovirus, curing rates in dogs with severe clnical signs such as bloody diarrhea were 81.6% and 86.7% by intramuscular or subcutaneous administration of IgY, respectively. Safety of the antibodies in dogs was proven without any side effects such as vomiting, edema, fever, etc. by adminstration of double doses for 7 days. These results indicated that the egg yolk antibodies could be used as effective prevention and treatment of alimentary and respiratory diseases in dogs.