• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.381-389
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• 2016

In this study, we developed evaluation indicators of dam rehabilitation considering climate change in order to prepare for safety of aging dam facilities in accordance with changes in rainfall intensity. The validity and appropriateness of each indicator, and the evaluation criteria were selected for quantitative indicators for each detail through domestic and international case studies, literature review, and expert advice. The survey was carried out to estimate the importance of each indicator for dam rehabilitation. The subjective assessment of the respondents was rearranged using pairwise comparison from the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The reliability of the survey results was evaluated through consistent verification. In addition, a comparative assessment was carried out which evaluated the reliability importance estimation result to refine the criteria to distinguish rating scales between expert and non-expert groups on dam-related fields.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.301-309
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• 2020

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of white noise on dynamic balance in patients with stroke during walking. Method: Nineteen patients with chronic stroke (age: 61.2±9.8 years, height: 164.4±7.4 cm, weight: 61.1±9.4 kg, paretic side (R/L): 11/8, duration: 11.6±4.9 years) were included as study participants. Auditory stimulus used white noise, and all participants listened for 40 minutes mixing six types of natural sounds with random sounds. The dynamic balancing ability was evaluated while all participants walked before and after listening to white noise. The variables were the center of pressure (CoP), the center of mass (CoM), CoP-CoM inclined angle. Results: There is a significant increase in the antero-posterior (A-P) CoP range, A-P inclination angle, and gait speed on the paretic and non-paretic sides following white noise intervention (p<.05). Conclusion: Our findings confirmed the positive effect of using white noise as auditory stimulus through a more objective and quantitative assessment using CoP-CoM inclination angle as an evaluation indicator for assessing dynamic balance in patients with chronic stroke. The A-P and M-L inclination angle can be employed as a useful indicator for evaluating other exercise programs and intervention methods for functional enhancement of patients with chronic stroke in terms of their effects on dynamic balance and effectiveness.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.9-14
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• 2024

Quantitative evaluation of nutrient status and stoichiometry on the forest floor is a good indicator of litter quality in various vegetation types. This study was conducted to determine the effects of vegetation type on the nutrient concentration and stoichiometry of forest floors at a regional scale. Forest floor samples were collected from four vegetation types of evergreen coniferous forests including Cryptomeria japonica, Chamaecyparis obtusa, evergreen broadleaf, and bamboo spp. forests in southern Korea. The dry weight of the forest floor was higher in the C. japonica and C. obtusa forests than in the evergreen broadleaf and bamboo forests. The mean carbon (C) concentrations of the forest floor were highest in the broadleaf forest, followed by the bamboo forest, C. japonica and C. obtusa forests. Mean nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P) concentrations in the the coniferous forests were lower than those in the broadleaf and bamboo forests. The mean C:N ratio was the highest in C. obtusa forest (118±25), followed by C. japonica (66±6), evergreen broadleaf (41±1), and bamboo (30±1) forests. However, C:P and N:P ratios were lower in the coniferous forests than in the broadleaf forest indicating that the stoichiometry of the forest floor varies across vegetation types. The C, N, and P stocks on the forest floor were higher in the C. obtusa forest than in the broadleaf or bamboo forests. These results highlight that vegetation type-dependent stoichiometric ratio is an useful indicator for understanding interspecific difference in quality and quantity of the forest floor.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.376-399
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• 2008

Science and technology (S&T) is one of the most important elements in a nation's competitiveness. In an effort to strengthen their national competitiveness, all countries are focusing on upgrading the level of eir S&T. With these factors in mind, Korea has increased its support of national research and development (R&D). In recent years, this added support has resulted in an increased interest in the effectiveness of R&D. We have made continuous efforts to enhance the accountability and effectiveness of R&D by strengthening performance evaluation and considering R&D evaluation results during the budget review (appropriation) process. In order to change to a performance based system, we need to develop objective and scientific indicators to measure and evaluate the quality of the research performance of R&D programs. One of the primary research outcomes is publications. The impact factor of publications is widely used to evaluate overall journal quality and the quality of the papers published therein. However, the use of impact factors has been criticised because they can vary greatly when works from different subject areas are compared. In order to overcome this limitation, we have developed three kinds of qualitative indicators, which are functions of the impact factor. Two of these qualitative indicators, Modified Rank Normalized Impact Factor and Ordinal Rank Normalized Impact Factor, are based on order statistics (rank) for all journals from a specific specialty. The third qualitative indicator, Relative Field Impact Factor, uses the average impact factor of all journals within a subject category. We also suggest a quantitative indicator, Percentage of Contribution. In this study, we suggest 4 indicators and use them to evaluate the performance of outcomes from three R&D programs supported by the Ministry of Education, Science & Technology. We also perform a simulation study to verify the effectiveness of the proposed indicators. It can be shown that the proposed Ordinal Rank Normalized Impact Factor is the most reliable and effective indicator for comparing research performance across subject categories. However, we recommend using previous indicators in combination with the proposed indicators in this study for the research evaluation of R&D programs.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Construction Safety
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 2021

Recently, buildings have become larger, more complex, and various construction methods have been tried. As a result, the use of construction equipment continues to increase, as well as safety accidents. According to the Ministry of Employment and Labor's report on industrial accidents, the rate of deaths caused by construction equipment among construction accidents has been increasing steadily since 2009. In the safety field of other industries such as crime and traffic, research has been continuously conducted to develop quantitative indicators due to demands for development of evaluation indicators or risk index development. On the other hand, construction equipment has been studied to analyze disaster cases and come up with improvement measures, but there is no research related to risk index. Therefore, the research will develop a quantitative index that can determine the risk level of construction equipment in the field based on the accident case and verify the possibility of use in the field.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.317-318
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• 2023

This study is part of the carbonation degree DB accumulation through quantitative analysis of carbonation depth, Ca(OH)₂ and CO₂ according to the type of finish and years of use of old concrete structures in order to predict the amount of CO₂ that can be absorbed through carbonation of concrete. To this end, the depth of carbonation of the concrete core specimen is measured using an indicator, and the dry amount of water combined with CO₂ in the sample is measured using a differential thermal gravimetric analyzer for samples in the carbonation area and non-carbonated area classified by the indicator, and the absorption compared to the weight of the sample. The amount of absorbed CO₂ was calculated. In addition, the degree of carbonation was calculated through quantitative comparison of Ca(OH)₂ in the carbonation section and non-carbonation section. In the future, we will continue to add the survey and analysis data of dismantled structures and use them as basic data for estimating the amount of carbon dioxide that can be absorbed according to the exposure conditions and years of use by concrete mix.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.62-72
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• 2019

Future prospects for the North Korean construction market created by reunification of the Korean Peninsula has consistently been recognized as highly promising. Although rehabilitation projects of the deteriorating construction facilities in North Korea are expected to serve as new source of growth engine to South Korea in future, the status quo of each infrastructure in the North are described verbosely with signs of subjective translation. There has been limited approach on depicting the condition and performance of the North Korean facilities based on quantitative and systematic approach. Thus, this study has been conducted under a twofold purpose. First, this study proposes a performance indicator for identifying the status quo of the major construction facilities in North Korea based on a quantitative approach. Second, this study applies the developed indicator to visualize the results on the conditions of each facility in the form of a report card. This expected to serve as a basis on determining the appropriate level of the construction infrastructure in North Korea and estimating the range of rehabilitation projects along with the investment cost.

• Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.23-35
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• 2023

Recently, the damage caused by natural disasters such as typhoons and localized torrential rains has been increasing rapidly. The Ministry of the Interior and Safety enacted a ｢law on safety management of small sized infrastructures｣ and local governments have to register small sized infrastructures with the National Disaster and Safety Management System (NDMS) until March 31st every year. Recently, each local government has ordered Safety inspections of small sized infrastructures and maintenance plans and six types of facilities, including small streams, small bridges, farm roads, access roads to village, inlet weirs, and drop structures are being surveyed and digitized into a database. Each facility is being evaluated for risk, and for those deemed hazardous, maintenance plans are being developed. However, since the risk assessment method of small sized infrastructures is not clear so that is conducted through visual investigation by field investigators, risk assessment is conducted in a subjective and ambiguous form. Therefore, this study presented a reasonable and quantitative risk assessment method by providing a quantitative evaluation indicator for small stream, which has the highest disaster risk among other small sized infrastructures, so that small sized hazard infrastructures can be selected to secure transparent evidence for improvement plans and action plans.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.323-330
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• 2016

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine whether the results of fractal analysis can be used as criteria for midpalatal suture maturation evaluation. Methods: The study included 131 subjects aged over 18 years of age (range 18.1-53.4 years) who underwent cone-beam computed tomography. Skeletonized images of the midpalatal suture were obtained via image processing software and used to calculate fractal dimensions. Correlations between maturation stage and fractal dimensions were calculated using Spearman's correlation coefficient. Optimal fractal dimension cut-off values were determined using a receiver operating characteristic curve. Results: The distribution of maturation stages of the midpalatal suture according to the cervical vertebrae maturation index was highly variable, and there was a strong negative correlation between maturation stage and fractal dimension (-0.623, p < 0.001). Fractal dimension was a statistically significant indicator of dichotomous results with regard to maturation stage (area under curve = 0.794, p < 0.001). A test in which fractal dimension was used to predict the resulting variable that splits maturation stages into ABC and D or E yielded an optimal fractal dimension cut-off value of 1.0235. Conclusions: There was a strong negative correlation between fractal dimension and midpalatal suture maturation. Fractal analysis is an objective quantitative method, and therefore we suggest that it may be useful for the evaluation of midpalatal suture maturation.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.37-45
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• 2007

WTO/TBT requires that, for technical regulations affecting trade, technical regulatory requirements must be specified where possible in terms of performance rather than design or descriptive characteristics. The movement which made "performance" a keyword in landscape architecture was activated in Japan, one of the leading counties in performance-based regulatory system(PBRS). The Japanese recent movement of systematization activity on performance-based standards and specifications was reviewed and operational applications for performance-based regulatory system in South Korea are summarized as follows: 1. The establishment of performance standards that can be properly evaluated by assessment indicators is necessary in cases when quantitative evaluation is difficult. 2. As a preparation for PBRS, a brief procurement system by technical proposal for the landscape design and construction is necessary. 3. As a preparation for PBRS, activation of an environmental performance evaluation on experimental construction is necessary. 4. As a preparation for PBRS, a certification system of environmental performance on various landscape construction methods is necessary. 5. The Private Finance Initiative Project is the most similar to PBRS therefore, activation of the Private Finance Initiative Project is necessary in landscape architecture projects for park rehabilitation.