• 환경영향평가
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.301-310
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• 2007

For the improvement of air quality in the metropolitan area, Korea has enforced the air pollutant emission cap regulation from the 1st of July, 2007, and the companies that intend to install a new or an enlarged facility in the metropolitan area will be restricted. However, the current regulation on permission does not describe a standard of judgement distinctly. In this study, therefore, a method of permission on the installation of a new or an enlarged facility was developed by supplementing the law in force based on the foreign cases. To develop a specific permit regulation and procedure, the developed nations' cases such as US, Canada, EU were reviewed thoroughly. Also, an appropriate method was suggested to apply domestically for a new or an enlarged facility permit within the regulations of the metropolitan special law. The method consists of first, calculating the possible permit quantity from the difference between an estimated annual emission cap and the annual emission provided by the implementation plan in each region. Second, permitting a new or an enlarged facility construction within the difference of the emission between the regional emission cap and the implementation plan in 2014. Third, distributing emissions allowable to each performance year based on the regional emission cap and the implementation plan in 2014. Fourth, making use of the emission difference between the implementation plan and the performance result in each year. Considering the general domestic conditions, the convenience of the permit authority and permitted companies, the most reasonable method was to use the fourth. To enforce the suggested permit method in a more flexible way, parts of the related regulations need to be revised and continuous research and analysis on the results from the implemented system and on foreign cases is necessary to develop this method a suitable system for domestic conditions and to settle the air pollutant emission cap system.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.53-62
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• 2008

In the present study, the concentration levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (or PCBs) in the environments in Korea are estimated based on some measured data in Korea, in comparison with the data from the other countries. Even though PCBs were banned as electrical fluids in 1970s in Korea, PCBs are still detected in the environment. PCBs levels in Korea are greatly lower than those in other countries, which are gradually decreased as well. However, the measured data are not sufficient in both numbers and quality, to estimate the average PCBs levels in Korea. The regulation limit on polychlorinated biphenyls (or PCBs) is 2mg/kg (ppm), which is too low compared to 50 ppm of many other countries including U.S. With this strict regulation, there are many problems expected, for example, in the analysis of PCBs in the transformers using in the field as well as the safe treatment of PCBs. The risk assessment on the PCBs in the environment is surely necessary prior to the change in the limit. Also the PCBs concentration monitoring in the environmental media (i.e. air, water, soil and sediment) and exposure assessment will be essential for the accurate risk assessment. If the PCB-waste guideline maintain as 2 ppm after 10 years, the excess cancer risk of PCBs exposure by ambient air, drinking water and soil was $10^{-8}$. But if the guideline mitigate as 50 ppm after 10 years, the cancer risk was increased by $10^{-7}$. The ecological risk quotient by regulation change was not exceed '1'.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.738-744
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• 2017

최근 신재생에너지의 확대 보급과 더불어 전기저장장치(ESS, Energy Storage System)가 활발하게 도입되고 있다. 하지만 현재 전기저장장치에 대한 도입효과와 경제성 및 계통에 미치는 영향에 대한 구체적인 평가방법이 없어 효과적인 도입운용이 어려운 실정이다. 특히 주파수조정용 ESS에 대한 국제적인 기술표준 및 제도가 마련되지 않아, 이의 설치에 따른 전기품질, 계통영향, 기여도 등은 물론 편익 산정에 대한 종합적인 연구가 필요한 실정이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 주파수조정용 ESS의 성능검증 방안을 마련하기 위하여, 기존발전기의 주파수조정 성능평가 방법인 미국 PJM의 AGC(Automatic Generation Control, 발전기 자동발전제어) 성능 평가방식을 분석하여, 주파수조정용 ESS의 성능평가 알고리즘을 제안하였고, 고가발전기의 정산금과 화력발전기의 정산금을 이용하여 500MW급의 주파수조정용 ESS의 도입에 따른 편익을 산정할 수 있는 경제성 평가 알고리즘을 제시하였다. 제안한 알고리즘의 유용성을 확인하기 위하여, 실 계통 데이터를 바탕으로 시뮬레이션을 수행한 결과, 전기저장장치가 기존의 발전기에 비하여 아주 우수한 성능을 가지고 있음을 확인하였고, 500MW 도입시 연간 약 3,457~4,296억의 편익이 발생함을 확인하였다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.248-264
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• 2020

본 연구는 국내 인터넷 개인방송의 사회적/법적 현황을 분석하고, 해외 규제 법률과 인터넷 방송의 매체적 특성을 근거로 개인방송 규제의 방향을 제안하는 데 목적을 둔다. 인터넷 개인방송의 영향력이 더욱 커지고 있으며, 음란물, 가짜뉴스 등 사회적/법적 문제점 또한 증가하고 있다. 인터넷 개인방송에 관한 법적 규제가 부재한 상황에서, 학계 역시 개괄적인 분석 수준에서 관련 법제 및 정책을 논의하고 있다. 또한, 급변하는 미디어 환경에 대응하고 새롭게 등장하고 있는 인터넷 방송콘텐츠와 플랫폼에 대응하기 위해 새로운 법제 연구의 필요성이 대두되고 있다. 연구결과 표현의 자유를 중요한 가치로 삼고, 미성년자 대상 음란물은 철저히 규제하되, 관련 기관/사업자 간의 협의회 구성을 통한 자율규제 가이드라인으로 최소한의 범위에서 인터넷 개인방송 규제를 주장한다. 본 연구는 인터넷 개인방송 콘텐츠의 질적 향상과 공정하고 다양한 콘텐츠 개발을 위한 새로운 방송정책 구축, 개인방송 콘텐츠의 효율적/공정한 규제를 위해 실질적이고 구체적인 법률을 제안했다는 점에 큰 의의가 있다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.85-91
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• 2016

Purpose - Prior research has suggested that consumers typically prefer to have a larger number of options. However, preference of assortment size may depend on how depleted resources in consumers' mind are. Reduced capacity for self-regulation by resource depletion makes people rely on more intuitive and less effortful decision processing. When they are mentally depleted, people are likely to focus on the choice difficulty from large assortment, which leads to preference for the small assortment when they make a decision. It could be an important question potentially how being in a depleted mode through effortful self-regulation will influence on the evaluation of assortment size. To answer this questioner, we hypothesized that being engaged in self-regulation, as compared with not being engaged in self-regulation, will influence on the evaluation of product assortment size such as attractiveness, difficulty of choice, and anticipated regret. Research design, data, and methodology - In this study, we first manipulated self-regulatory resource availability using a self-regulation task (i.e., instructing participants to solve Sudoku puzzle vs. to solve diagram cube by filling any diagrams that they prefer into cube instead of number) and asked to indicate the difficulty of the tasks available to them ("How much difficulty did you feel when you complete the task?") Next, participants were asked to imagine that they were planning to buy a laptop at one of the two stores (small assortment: 6 options vs. large assortment: 30 options), both offering good quality of products. After reading the product descriptions, participants were instructed to consider all the information and choose a store that they would like to shop. Finally we measured the choice difficulty, evaluation of product assortments, and anticipated regret on a 7-point scale. We conducted two-way ANOVA in testing the main hypothesis that depleted consumers will show poorer subsequent self-control than non-depleted consumers when they make a decision in large assortment. Results - Compared with non-depleted participants, depleted participants showed the bigger difference from the degree of choice difficulty and product attractiveness between large and small assortments, but the result revealed only a significant interaction effect of resource depletion and assortment size on choice difficulty. Also depleted participants showed the smaller difference from the degree of anticipated regret between large and small assortments than non-depleted participants. Conclusion - Depleted individuals by a prior task are relatively effortless and intuitive form of choosing products so that they try to avoid making effortful trade-offs among choice difficulty such as large assortment, compare with non-depleted individuals. However, for anticipated regret, non-depleted individuals in small assortment anticipate more regret by excluding or at least restricting the possibility of buying attractive items or another kind of potential items than depleted individuals, regardless less choice difficulty in small option. To sum up, it is important to note that individuals are influenced by self-regulatory resources and their self-regulatory conditions contribute to the overall positive or negative impact of product assortment on choice.

• 한국심리학회지 : 문화 및 사회문제
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.161-195
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• 2006

이 연구의 주된 목적은 한국 사람들이 한국 사회와 개인 삶의 질에 대해 갖고 있는 인식을 분석함으로써 토착심리를 탐구하는데 있다. 삶의 질을 높이는 요소와 낮추는 요소에 대한 세대별 지각을 중심으로 분석하였으며, 개인 삶의 질로는 가정, 학교, 직장, 여가생활에서의 삶의 질이 포함되었다. 분석대상은 총 3,406명으로서 남녀 초, 중, 고, 대학생 1,331명과 그들의 부모 및 교사 2,075명이었다. 김의철과 박영신(2004b)이 제작한 자유반응형 질문지를 실시하여 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 한국 사회의 삶의 질을 높이는 요소로 경제적 요인, 국민들의 노력, 문화/여가생활, 원만한 인간관계, 올바른 정책, 교육수준이, 한국 사회의 삶의 질을 낮추는 요소로 경제 불안, 정치 불안, 시민의식 결여, 집단 이기주의, 부정부패/비리, 여가생활 부족, 과도한 교육열이 지적되었다. 둘째, 개인의 가정생활에서 삶의 질은 화목한 가족관계와 경제적 여유가, 학교생활에서 삶의 질은 친구관계와 학업성취가, 직장생활에서 삶의 질은 원만한 인간관계와 경제적 요인 및 성취감이, 여가생활에서 삶의 질은 경제적이고 시간적인 여유 및 인간관계가 중요하였다. 셋째, 세대집단별 인식 차이가 있었다. 한국 사회 삶의 질을 낮추는 요소로 학생은 정치 불안을, 성인은 경제 불안을 가장 많이 지적하였다. 가정생활 삶의 질을 낮추는 요소로 학생은 가족 간의 갈등을, 성인은 경제문제를 가장 많이 지적하였다. 여가생활 삶의 질을 낮추는 요소로, 학생은 시간 부족을, 성인은 경제적 여건을 가장 많이 지적하였다. 넷째, 학생은 가정의 경제수준이 높을수록, 나이가 어릴수록, 학업성적이 좋을수록, 자기의 삶의 질을 긍정적으로 인식하였다. 성인의 경우는 나이와 관계없이, 가정의 경제수준이 높을수록, 사회생활에서 성취도가 높을수록, 자기의 삶의 질을 긍정적으로 인식하였다. 이러한 결과들을 종합하여, 삶의 질 인식을 통해 본 한국인의 토착심리를 원만한 인간관계, 경제적 요인, 자기조절, 교육적 성취의 네 측면에서 논의하였다.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.47-58
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• 2012

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to analyze contents of beer advertisements in Korea. Research has suggested the influence of alcohol advertisements on viewer's drinking behavior, attitude, and expectancies. Korea's policy on alcohol advertising relies on limited government regulation and self regulation among alcohol industries. This study is expected to lay a foundation for further discussion on regulating alcohol advertising in Korea. Methods: A total of 81 beer advertisements broadcasted between 2008 and 2011 were analyzed. The contents were categorized into themes (22 themes were used), models, and presentation techniques. Results: The themes most frequently appeared in beer advertisements were quality (66.7%), relaxation (44%), camaraderie (41%), and individuality (39.5%), respectively. Analysis of models revealed that most advertisements had more than three models (64.2%), and most of them were in their 20s (68%). As much as 82% of advertisements used celebrity models. Analysis on presentation techniques showed that 91.4% displayed drinking scenes, and 27% displayed gulping down the whole bottle or the glass. Finally, about 10% of ads showed drinking in hazardous situations such as during water sports. Conclusion: The results of the study reflect the minimal regulation of alcohol advertising in Korea. The need for joint effort by legislators, researchers, alcohol industries, and advertising agencies is discussed in order to establish healthier drinking environment.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.45-51
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• 1998

The determinations of ammonia in water for drinking purpose served as one basis of judging the sanitary quality of water for a great many years. However, presently ammonia regulation varies depending on countries. In USA and Canada, ammonia is added to water for chloramination process. However, for korea, there is ammonia regulation of treated water in Korea which should not exceed 0.5mg/l as $NH_3-N$. There was a report exceeding 0.5mg/l of ammonia in chlorinated water when the famous drinking water contamination episode happened in the downstream of Nadong River, 1994. With lack of sewer distribution system and treatment plants of domestic wastes, many water treatment plants have a difficulty of complying with ammonia regulation in treated water. Breakpoint chlorination is usually performed to get rid of ammonia. The method which is allowed to measure ammonia in Korea is Phenate method. However, it would be undesirable to use Phenate method for measuring ammonia in chlorinated water if Phenate method would not differentiate ammonia from chloramine. A good possibility of interferences in measurement of ammonia exists because Phenate method include the step of the formation of chlorine and would not differentiate chloramine which is formed as a result of reaction between chlorine and ammonia. This study was on inaccuracy of Phenate method for measuring ammonia of chlorinated water when chloramine and ammonia coexist. This study found that Phenate method measured all chlormaine as ammonia. Ammonia measurement by ion chromatography confirmed this results. Finally, the result from this study suggests that ammonia measurement by Phenate method in chlorinated water should be revised accordingly.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.433-445
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• 2015

Objectives: The major objectives of this study are to review the issues surrounding trade secret claims in the Chemicals Control Act and Amendment on Occupational Safety and Health Act(1917-227) and to propose a way of improving the reliability of chemical information in MSDSs, labels and National Chemical Survey results. Materials: To review the issues on trade secret claims, we made an analysis frame which was divided into three steps: Value and Problem Recognition; New Regulation Design; and Enforcement and Amendment. We then compared Korean issues with issues from the United States' Hazard Communication Standard and Emergency Planning & Community Right-to-Know Act, Canada's Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System and Hazardous Materials Information Review Act and the European Union's Regulation on Classification, Labelling and Packaging of substances and Mixtures. Results: The stage of right-to-know development in Korea has passed the Value and Problem Recognition phase, so efforts are needed to elaborately design new regulation. Conclusions: We recommend two ways to improve right-to-know in Korea. First, strict examination of the quality of documents for trade secret claims is very important. Second, trade secrets should be limited to less-hazardous substances.

• 시큐리티연구
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• 제12호
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• pp.245-269
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• 2006

민간경비업무의 공공성에 따른 행정규제의 필요성과 그에 따른 실질적 감독의 이행은 민간경비업계의 전문성과 대국민적 서비스의 질적 향상을 담보하게 된다. 이러한 국가적 규제와 감독의 이면에는 업계의 자율적 책임 이행을 내포하고 있으며 그러한 자체적인 업무 수행이 이루어지지 않을 경우에는 국가는 반드시 그 책임을 강제한다는 것이다. 따라서 자체적인 치유능력의 신장과 그 근간을 이루기 위해서는 현행 행정 규제 및 감독은 강화되어야 하며 그러한 내용을 경비업법상 명시하여야 한다. 본 연구는 그러한 실효성을 확보하기 위한 방안으로 다음과 같이 제시한다. 첫째, 경비업의 허가는 그 규제의 우선적 장치로서 자격 요건과 심사절차를 엄격히 하여야 한다. 둘째, 허가 이후에 지속적인 감독이 이루어지지 않으면 그 취지가 희석되므로 민간경비 관련 감독기관을 독립적으로 운영하여 실질적인 이행을 담보하여야 한다. 셋째, 허위 또는 부당한 방법에 의한 허가 취득과 위법${\cdot}$부당한 도급업무 수행 및 경비지도사 선임의 편법적 행위는 그 처벌이 강화 되어야 한다. 넷째, 민간경비 업계의 자체적인 의무 이행을 담보하기 위해서 뿐만 아니라 형식적인 경비지도사제도의 단점을 보완하기 위해서 전문자격증제도를 도입하여 한다.