• 농업생명과학연구
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.155-165
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• 2016

The study investigated the effects of adding bovine plasma protein(PP) hydrolysates on the quality properties of cooked pork patties. Pork patties were prepared as follows: manufactured with pork back-fat(control); replacement of back-fat with 40% olive oil(T1), 40% olive oil and 2% PP hydrolysates(T2), and 40% olive oil and 4% PP hydrolysates(T3). The olive oil modified the fatty acid profiles of the pork patties by lowering the saturated fatty acids(SFAs) percentage. Olive oil and 4% PP hydrolysates addition reduced the level of 2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance(TBARS) values in pork patties, compared to the controls. Furthermore, the pork patties with added PP hydrolysates had higher pH values than the control. All samples containing olive oil and PP hydrolysates had increased levels of DPPH radical scavenging activity. In particular, added PP hydrolysates were more effective in increasing antioxidant activity than were the other treatments. Therefore, PP hydrolysates could be used as a natural antioxidative in cooked pork patties.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.97-102
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• 2003

본 연구는 쑥의 첨가와 도체등급이 돈육 patty의 품질에 미치는 영향을 규명하기 위하여 쑥을 첨가하지 않은 B등급육 patty(A patty), 쑥을 첨가한 B등급육 patty(B patty), 쑥을 첨가하지 않은 E등급육 patty(C patty) 및 쑥을 첨가한 E등급육 patty(D patty)를 제조하고 일반성분, 열량, 아질산 잔류량, 표면색도, 조직감, 보수력 및 관능성을 실험하였다. 수분함량은 시료들 사이에 유의한 차이가 없었으며, 조지방 함량과 열량은 B등급육 patty가 E등급육 patty보다 높았다. 조회분은 patty들 사이에 유의한 차이가 없었으며, 아질산 잔류량은 쑥을 첨가한 patty가 첨가하지 않은 것보다 낮았다. 명도(L)및 황색도(b)는 B등급육 patty가 높았으며, 적색도(a)는 E등급육 patty가 높았다. 경도, 응집성 및 씹힘성은 B등급육이 E등급육 patty보다 낮았다. 돈육 patty의 향기, 맛, 조직감, 다즙성, 색깔 및 종합적인 기호성은 patty들 사이에 유의한 차이가 없었다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.182-187
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• 2003

재구성 돈까스 패티 제조시 돼지고기 대체원료로 사용되는 ISP의 첨가방법을 기존방법과 다르게 하여 패티의 특성을 조사하고, ISP 첨가방법으로 가장 적당한 방법으로 제조한 패티와 돈까스를 급속 및 저속냉동하여 냉동속도가 품질 특성에 미치는 영향을 조사한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같았다. ISP 처리구의 단백질함량은 대조구와 별 차이가 없었고, pH나 보수력에도 유의성 있는 차이가 없었다. 패티의 가열 감량이나 외형변화는 meat(50%)나 meat(30%) 처리구에서 대조구보다 낮았다. 패티의 기계적 견고성은 meat(50%)나 meat(30%) 처리구가 대조구와 함께 낮았으며, 관능적 다즙성은 높았다. 이들 결과로 보아 ISP 첨가시 기존의 fat emulsion complex로 이용하는 방법 대신에 meat emulsion complex로 이용하는 것이 패티의 품질특성을 개선하는데 도움이 되었다. Meat(30%) formula로 패티와 돈까스를 만들어 냉동한 결과 저속냉동 시 외형변화는 많았으나 유의성이 없었고, 가열감량은 유의성 있게 높았다. 패티의 견고성은 저속냉동한 것이 유의성 있게 높았으나 다른 테스쳐 특성에는 차이가 없었다. 그러나 돈까스의 경우에는 냉동속도가 텍스쳐 특성에 별 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 평가되었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.588-597
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• 2007

Low-fat ground pork patties, LFGPP (<10% total fat) formulated with 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 percent sodium alginate (SA) were processed and compositional, processing and sensory characteristics were compared with control patties containing 20% fat. The moisture content of raw and cooked LFGPP were significantly (p<0.05) higher than control patties because of greater amount of added water in the formulation. The cooking yield, moisture and fat retention also increased linearly in different treatments of LFGPP. The dimensional parameters such as gain in height, decrease in diameter and shrinkage were significantly (p<0.05) lower in LFGPP in comparison to control. Amongst the sensory attributes, flavour showed a declining trend with the increase in concentration of SA in LFGPP. However, low-fat patties with 0.1% SA rated similar to high-fat control. The lipid profile revealed 49.78 and 43.22% decrease in total lipids and cholesterol content respectively, compared to control. The calorie content was reduced significantly (p<0.05) in LFGPP. The texture profile of LFGPP with 0.1% SA was similar to that of high-fat control. The LFGPP remained stable without any appreciable loss of physico-chemical, microbiological and organoleptic quality during refrigerated storage ($4{{\pm}}1^{\circ}C$) for 21 and 35 days in aerobic and vacuum packaging respectively.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.533-542
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• 2014

This study was performed to investigate the effects of lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) on various quality and antioxidant activity of hamburger patties. Lemon balm extract (LBE) showed the highest amount of total polyphenol (801.00 mg TAE/g DW) and flavonoids (65.05 mg RA/g DW). The $IC_{50}$ value of DPPH hydroxyl scavenging of LBE was $132{\mu}g/mL$. The hamburger patties were prepared by 0% (N), 0.1% (L1), 0.5% (L2), and 1.0% (L3) of the lemon balm powder. The addition of lemon balm powder increased the chewiness value, but did not affect the hardness, cohesiveness, and springiness values. Lemon balm powder had positive effects on sensory evaluation of patties. The pH of all patties decreased with longer storage period. 2-Thiobarbituric acid value, volatile basic nitrogen content, and the total microbial counts of hamburger patties in the L3 group were lower, compared to those of the normal (N group). In conclusion, the L3 group had significantly delayed lipid peroxidation compared to other treatment groups. However, the addition of lemon balm powder into patties showed no significantly influence on proximate composition, calorie contents, water holding capacity and cooking loss of patties. Therefore, lemon balm might be a useful natural antioxidant additive in meat products.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.20-27
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• 2017

Purpose: The objective of this study was to examine the effects of pork liver levels on the quality characteristics of hamburger patties. Methods: The effects of the addition of livers concentrations from 0% to 20% were investigated based on chemical composition, cooking characteristics, physicochemical properties, shear force, and sensory characteristics of hamburger patties. Results: The increasing pork liver levels from 0% to 20% resulted in increased moisture content, ash content, redness, reduction in diameter, and reduction in thickness of hamburger patties, but decreased the fat content, lightness, cooking yield, shear force and water holding capacity of hamburger patties. The protein content of hamburger patties with different amounts of pork liver showed no significant differences. The hamburger patties with increasing pork liver levels had lower color, flavor, juiciness, and overall acceptability scores, but the overall acceptability of control showed similar trends to T1 (treatments with 5% pork liver). Conclusion: Pork liver in the formulation showed similar quality characteristics as compared to control hamburger patties without liver, with best results obtained on adding up to 5% pork liver.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.326-332
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• 2000

In order to investigate the possibility of functional property improvement of meat products, four kinds of pork patties were prepared with water 10% as control, mugwort extract 10%, pine needle extract 10% and fatsia leaf extract 10%, respectively. In case of control moisture content was higher, but crude fat was lower, compared to patties treated with plant extracts. Crude ash content of pine needle extract treatment showed higher level than that of other patties. pH range of patties revealed to 5.92∼5.978. In raw patties Hunter's L-and a-value of control were higher than those of plant extract treatment, and a-value of raw patties showed higher level than that of cooked. Yield, water holding capacity, salt soluble protein extractability and gel strength among patties did not show significant differences. In control patty, fat retention was lower compared to other plant extract treatments, but water soluble protein extractability was higher compared to pine needle. Values such as hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess and chewiness were not significantly different among the patties. In sensory scores such as aroma, juiciness and palatability, significant differences were not observed among cooked patties, but texture score was higher in the order pine needle, mugwort, fatsia leaf and control.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.28-40
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• 2014

본 연구는 일반적으로 햄버거 패티 제조 시에 사용하는 빵가루를 대신하여 두부분말(빵가루 양 대비 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%)을 첨가하여 햄버거 패티를 제조하고, 품질 특성, 관능특성을 평가하였다. 결과는 다음과 같다. 햄버거 패티에 두부분말의 첨가량 증가에 따라 pH가 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 대조구의 수분함량은 두부분말 첨가 햄버거 패티보다 높았다. 햄버거 패티의 두부분말의 증가에 따라 수분함량은 감소하였다. 가열 중량 감소율은 유의적인 차이가 나타나지 않았으며, 두부분말의 첨가에 따라 직경 감소율은 감소하고, 두께 감소율은 증가하였다. 두부분말의 첨가는 햄버거 패티의 명도(L값), 적색도(a값), 황색도(b값)를 증가시켰다. 조직감 특성에서는 두부분말의 첨가가 햄버거 패티의 경도, 탄력성, 검성을 증가시켰다. 관능특성에서는 두부분말 100% 첨가구가 외관, 맛, 전반적인 기호도에서 가장 우수한 점수를 나타내었다. 그러므로 본 연구결과를 통하여 햄버거 패티의 제조 시, 빵가루 대비 두부분말 100% 첨가가 햄버거 패티의 기호도와 영양적인 측면에서 적합할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.799-806
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• 2016

The effects of reducing pork fat levels from 20% to 15% or 10% by partially substituting pork back fat with wheat sprout fiber in reduced-fat chicken patties were investigated. Approximate composition, energy value, pH, color, cooking loss, reduction in diameter, reduction in thickness, shear force, and sensory properties were determined. Moisture content, ash contents, yellowness of uncooked and cooked reduced-fat chicken patties with wheat sprout were higher than those in the control, while displaying fat content, calorie content, and pH of uncooked and cooked lower in reduced-fat chicken patties than in the control. Cooking loss, reduction in diameter, and reduction in thickness were the highest in the reduced-fat chicken patties with 10% fat level. Cooking loss, reduction in diameter, and reduction in thickness were decreased when fat levels and wheat sprout levels were increased. Control samples without wheat sprout dietary fiber had significantly (p<0.05) higher color and flavor scores compared to reduced-fat chicken patties containing wheat sprout dietary fiber. The overall acceptability of the control and treatment with 15% fat and 2% wheat sprout dietary fiber (T3) was the highest. Therefore, 15% fat level in reduced-fat chicken patties with the addition of 2% wheat sprout dietary fiber can be used to improve the quality and sensory characteristics of regular-fat chicken patties containing 20% fat level.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2018

The objective of this study was to investigate quality attributes of beef patties formulated with dried pumpkin pulp and seed mixture (PM). Four different meatball formulations were prepared where lean was replaced with PM as C (0% PM), P2 (2% PM), P3 (3% PM) and P5 (5% PM). Utilization of PM decreased moisture and increased ash content of the patties. Incorporation of 5% PM (P5) increased the pH value of both uncooked and cooked patties compared to C group. Increasing levels of PM increased water-holding capacity. No significant differences were found in cooking yield and diameter change with the addition of PM. Incorporation of PM increased fat and decreased moisture retention of the samples. $a^*$ values were decreased with PM addition, where $L^*$ values did not differ among treatments and $b^*$ values were similar in C, P3 and P5 samples. Textural properties were mostly equivalent to control samples with the incorporation of PM even at higher concentrations. The addition of PM did not significantly affect any of the sensory scores tested. These results indicated that utilization of PM presents the opportunity to decrease the amount of meat besides to improve healthier profile without causing negative changes in physical, chemical and technological quality of beef patties.