• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.435-445
• /
• 2018

This study was conducted to develop and apply the health conversation program to determine its effectiveness. The study employed a pretest-posttest nonequivalent control group design. There were 25 subjects in one intervention group and 22 subjects in the control group. The program included a 4-week, 12-session education program in health conversation for professionally retired elderly mentors and an 8-week, 24-session program for vulnerable elderly diabetics provided by mentors who were older persons trained in diabetes management. Data were collected from December 2015 to May 2016 and subsequently analyzed by an independent t-test using SPSS 20.0. Biochemical variables and physical variables were assessed by blood test and Inbody 230 (Biospace). Psychosocial variables were assessed by questionnaires. The health conservation program led to significantly decreased FBS (p<0.01), TC (p<0.01), TG (p=0.04), SBP (p=0.03), waist (p<0.01) and symptoms of depression (p=0.01), and significantly increased social support (p=0.02). These results indicated that the health conservation program is effective at increasing social support and decreasing FBS, TC, TG, SBP, waist, and symptoms of depression in community-dwelling vulnerable diabetic elderly; accordingly, health conservation programs should be applied to improve quality of life of vulnerable diabetic elderly.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.79-86
• /
• 2018

Purpose - Many retail stores tend to use scarcity-laden message in order to influence consumers, where scarcity refers to insufficiency of product supply or time of availability. For example, inside stores, the displayed products are often accompanied by scarcity message such as 'exclusive offer, limited time only.' According to past research, scarcity has a positive effect on product evaluation, since scarcity can acts as a signal of consumer demand, and thus product quality. Prior studies argue that consumers face a scarce product, they logically infer that other consumers buying the product in large numbers cause the scarcity. We propose that scarcity can be interpreted as a sales tactic artificially created by retail stores in order to increase sales of product. Research design, data, and methodology - We use a persuasion knowledge perspective framework to develop our hypotheses. In the present research, we show that product curation type is a key variable that moderates consumer response to scarcity, and thus the scarcity effect on product evaluation. Results - In this research, we showed when scarcity-laden message was used inside the store using consumer-centric curation message, scarcity had a positive effect on product evaluation. In contrast, when scarcity-laden message was used inside the store using marketer-centric curation message, the positive of scarcity message on product evaluation was diluted. Conclusions - Our study makes two important contributions to the literature on consumer response to scarcity. First, we identify a variable - namely, product curation type - that determines when either 'scarcity = good' or 'scarcity = marketing tactic' interpretation is likely to be dominant. Second, we cite persuasion knowledge perspective to explain the moderating function of product curation type in a retail store-related scarcity context. This research is relevant to practitioners, such as brand manager, retail environment manager, and advertising agencies, for the effective use for the scarcity-laden message in retail. The proposed moderator can operate in many real-life situations in retail where consumers are exposed to scarcity. And curation message related to scarcity has been facilitated by the inner-retail activities. These factors of the marketplace indicate that the boundary conditions of scarcity can have a significant effect on real-life consumer judgment.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
• /
• v.47 no.10
• /
• pp.973-983
• /
• 2014

This study focused on the selection of appropriate plant species of VFS (vegetative fiter strips) and the assessment of VFS effects for reducing NPS (non-point source) pollution from uplands. The experimental field was constructed with 1 control and 6 treated plots in the upland area of $1,500m^2$ with 5% slope which is located in Gunwi-gun, Gyeongbuk province. Six vegetation including Chufa, Common crabgrass, Barnyard grass, Turf grass, Tall fescue, Kenturky bluegrass, were applied to install VFS systems during the study period from June 2011 to Dec. 2012. The results of this study showed that 6.1~77.8% in runoff and 15.6~90.3% in TS, 49.9~96.6% in T-P, and 6.7~91.1% in T-N were reduced from the VFS treated plots. Generally high reduction effects were observed from TS, T-P, T-N, and SS, while BOD, TOC, and $NO_3^-$ showed low reductions. The best vegetation type was Turf grass showing higher reduction effects of NPS pollutions and having relatively easier maintenance efforts compared to other vegetations selected in this study. Based on these results, VFS technique found to be an effective management practice for reducing agricultural NPS pollutions in Korean upland conditions. Further study needs to be performed through various field experiments with long term monitoring in order to develop a design manual of VFS system for practical applications.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.293-301
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this study is to figure out visitor's attitudes for trail facilities in Gayasan National Park in order to provide the basic information for effective installation and maintenance of trail facilities. The questionnaire survey on two trails were conducted to 227 visitors on the way back home after using the trails. The use characteristics of two trails were a little different from each other, and the conditions of two trails were rated relatively high both in quantity and quality. By the evaluation of 5 types of trail facilities in Haein trail and 4 types in Baegun trail, The responses were noticeably positive about wood deck, log steps with stones and wood steps in Haein trail and about deck-type wood steps and log fences in Baegun trail from the point of three aspects; harmony with nature, resources conservation and user convenience. On the other hand it seems necessary to replace the steel steps of both trails with eco-friendly materials. So, from now on it is necessary for introducing the trail facilities in National Parks to apply the eco-friendly materials extensively and to upgrade the design aspects comprehensively of harmony with nature, resources conservation and user convenience

• Magazine of the Korea Concrete Institute
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.219-229
• /
• 1996

Recent construction activity of infrastructures has been booming and accelerating to incur shortage of river sand for concrete works. Thus, sea sand has been excessively used instead of river sa.nd, that directly causes to decrease the quality and the durability of concrete, and then might lead to the collapse of concrete structures. The purpose of this experimental research is not only to develop high-strength concrete using sea sand, but also to investigate mechanical properties of high-strength concrete, such as elastic moduli, compressive strength and etc, which could be used for important design data of concrete structures. Rational analytic formula for elastic moduli have been proposed together with those for the splitting tensile strength and the flexural strength, which are to be predicted from compressive strength of concrete cylinder. Optimum water-cement and water-binder ratio have been experimentally obtained so as to develop high compressive strength with and without using silica fume as a admixture for concrete. It is noted that experimental elastic moduli for high strength concrete above aCk=330kgf /cm2 are less than those by the Code. Appropriate amount of concrete mixture has been experimentally investigated so as to develop maximum compressive, flexural and splitting tensile strength.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.539-550
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal mixing ratios of three different ingredients of Polygonum multiflorum Radix powder, butter, and sugar for the development of recipe for cookies with Polygonum multiflorum Radix powder. Response surface methodology based on a five level and three variables by central composite design was employed to obtain the best possible combination for the ratios of Polygonum multiflorum Radix powder ($X_1$), butter ($X_2$), and sugar ($X_3$). The analytical results of the physical and mechanical properties for each sample including color L (P<0.01), color a (P<0.01), color b (P<0.01), spread ratio (P<0.001), and hardness (P<0.001) showed significant differences. The sensory measurements were significantly different in color (P<0.05), appearance (P<0.05), texture (P<0.001), flavor (P<0.01), taste (P<0.01), and overall quality (P<0.001). The optimal compositional ratios were determined to be 4.00 g for the Polygonum multiflorum Radix powder, 75.42 g for the butter, and 45.67 g for the sugar.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.14 no.12
• /
• pp.141-151
• /
• 2016

Purpose - Salesperson perceptions of the fairness and accuracy of a performance evaluation system were examined by managerial and professional employees of large organization. The performance evaluation process is central to many personal decisions such as attitude for job and sales performance. This study investigates the relationship between perceived evaluation fairness, job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and sales performance. The main purpose of this study is to develop and empirically test a comprehensive model of salespersons' perceived evaluation fairness on sales performance. For this purpose, we identified the structural relationship between perceived evaluation fairness, job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and sales performance. Also we investigate the mediating effects on job satisfaction and organizational commitment between perceived evaluation fairness and sales performance. Research design, data, and methodology - To empirically test these relationships, data were collected by in-depth interviews from sales managers and questionnaire surveys from 300 salespersons who work for sales area (credit card company, insurance company). Demographically, the overall sample was 91.6% female, 77.9% 30s and 40s, and 34% college educated, with an average tenure with their present organizations of 4 years. The questionnaire was composed of total 20 items dealing with frequency, quality, and consequences of perceived evaluation fairness, job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and sales performance. To test the research hypotheses, collected data analyzed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structure equation model (SEM). Results - Through extensive and rigorous literature review process of related literature(Perceived evaluation fairness, Job satisfaction, Organizational commitment, Sales performance), research model and research hypothesis was set up. This study obtains the following research results. First, perceived evaluation fairness has a positive effect on job satisfaction, whereas the effects of perceived evaluation fairness on organizational commitment and sales performance did not show statistically significant result. Second, job satisfaction and organizational commitment have complete mediating roles to the relationship between perceived evaluation fairness and organizational commitment, and relationship between perceived evaluation fairness and sales performance. Conclusions - Based on the results, salespersons' perceived evaluation fairness is one of the key independent variable for making high job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and sales performance. Finally the theoretical, managerial implication and research limitations are mentioned in the discussion.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
• /
• v.10 no.5
• /
• pp.45-54
• /
• 2010

Recently more and more construction projects have become high-rise, complex and intelligent. Accordingly, such projects require an integrated management system for tasks, with a lean approach to construction with work processes for management and productivity. In particular, Construction Information Technology (CIT) fields are concerned with Building Information Modeling (BIM), which represents the process of generating and managing building data during its life cycle. Constructability research has progressed for the project goal which is a cost-time-quality of optimization by integrated construction knowledge and experience. However, the current constructability process has not been performed efficiently, as the existing 2D drawings and papers lack consistent and accurate information, it is difficult to share the contents of work, and the use of information is inefficient. This study proposes that the reformation and enhancement of BIM-based constructability work process can lead to brilliant performance in the framework of the construction phase through achieving collaboration between the design team and the workers at the site.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.14 no.6
• /
• pp.2639-2644
• /
• 2013

The renewal cycle, which newly decorates stores, has been shortened, as the marketing competition between telecommunication companies has been extended to the stores, due to the rapid increase of mobile phone users and fast replacement cycle of products. The store renewal made by major telecommunication companies, including signboard, has been pushed in order for telecommunication companies to give strong impression about their own brand identity to consumers. Consumers want stores not only to sell cheap and high quality products but also to provide customer experience, by which customers can feel store, product and service and accept them. Especially, since the competition between telecommunication companies is getting tough, it is the current trend that the number of stores is increasing much, and telecommunication companies are recently renewing their stores, with the concept of SI(Store Identity), which changes store image into the incorporated image including interior and exterior, rather than just replacing CI(Corporate Identity), when they renew stores. It can be said that SI(Store Identity) is an important factor, by which companies consistently design visual factors such as interior and sign, and then apply them to the interior and exterior of the stores, and thereby give good store image to consumers, and ultimately have great effect on the increase of sales volume. This kind of activity can be image-controlled by companies' Identity Management, and it can be a very important factor in terms of marketing. In this study, it has an objective to compare and analyze SI of domestic telecommunication companies and foreign telecommunication companies, and then suggest effective SI direction.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.12 no.12
• /
• pp.75-82
• /
• 2014

Purpose - Due to the rapidly changing environment, the needs of information distribution are emphasized more than ever before. As information changes to cater to diversity, professionalism, and detailed segmentation, this information is produced exponentially. Many researchers working in intelligence agencies are feeling the need to establish a comprehensive information management and information distribution system in a systematic and more effective manner. Mobile marketing is based on communication when consumers can access information using GPS systems whatever their location may be when they are on a trip. Until recently, Korean companies have been struggling to perform well in the larger mobile tourism information service (MTIS) for Chinese tourists, which is regarded as a blue ocean area. The principal dimensions of the characteristics of a mobile tourism information service were analyzed, and the influence on perceived value and satisfaction was identified. Moreover, the relationship among the variable satisfaction and using intentions was empirically analyzed. Research design, data, and methodology - This study examined the structural relationship among mobile tourism information features, perceived value, satisfaction, and behavioral intentions. It is based on analyzed data from questionnaires involving advanced research. A questionnaire survey targeting Chinese students using a mobile tourism information service in Korea was conducted. A total of 230 questionnaires were circulated, and 221 questionnaires were used for empirical analysis, excluding invalid data. The data were analyzed with structural equation modeling with SPSS 21.0 statistic package reliability analysis, factor analysis, and regression analysis were implemented, and the effects of the mobile tourism information service features on perceived value, satisfaction, and using intentions were presented. Results - First, mobile tourism information service features have a direct positive effect on the practical value, and do not affect the hedonic value. Second, perceived value has a statistically positive effect on satisfaction. Third, perceived value has a positive effect on behavioral intentions. Fourth, satisfaction has a direct positive effect on behavioral intentions. Conclusion - MTIS (mobile tourism information service) involves personal, social, and technical characteristics. We have analyzed the effects of mobile tourism information service on perceived value, and on satisfaction and using intentions. First, the study shows that the characteristics of mobile tourism information service and perceived value in relation to mobile tourism information service usage are important for marketing in the Chinese market. Moreover, after using a mobile tourism information service, the effect on practical value is more than on hedonic value. We could not analyze the program for tourism information service extensively, and used only questionnaires from Chinese students in Korea. In the future, there should be research on the programs for a tourism information service. We expect to study the MTIS program in greater detail, and to improve the quality and reputation of MTIS through the analysis of its program. We hope that this research will allow an evaluation of the relationship between Korea and China regarding MTIS.