• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.66 no.2
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• pp.53-62
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• 2024

This study assessed the efficiency of reducing soil erosion and suspended sediment through the restoration of alpine unauthorized and illegally cultivated fields, using the SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model in the Mandae District. The results showed that in Scenario 5, which involved restoring unauthorized and illegal fields within forests, along rivers (banks), and in ditch areas were restored to their original land categories, achieved the highest efficiency in reducing average annual soil erosion and suspended sediment, with reductions of 8.1% and 4.5%, respectively. In particular, it was confirmed that the restoration of unauthorized and illegal fields within forested areas has a significant impact. This demonstrated that the restoration of unauthorized and illegal agricultural fields can substantially reduce the soil erosion and suspended sediment attributable to non-point source pollution. Our findings highlight the importance of managing these unauthorized and illegal agricultural activities in developing sustainable strategies within non-point source pollution management areas. This study is expected to provide important basic data to effectively establish water quality improvement strategies in the region of non-point source pollution management.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.158-163
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• 2024

Virtual world technology is driving major advances in education, entertainment, and professional training. Metaverse and extended reality (XR) technologies maximize immersion to enhance learning, provide global learning environments, and expose students to situations that are difficult to experience in real life. Career exploration is an important developmental task in adolescence, and virtual training maximizes learning by providing life-like experiences with imagery training. Virtual training overcomes spatial, financial, performance, and situational constraints and is effective in a variety of fields, including military and disaster training. It provides customized learning for various users such as youth, job seekers, and people with disabilities, deepening their understanding of professional activities and improving their problem-solving skills. It also improves the quality of learning through repetitive learning and contributes to the improvement of teamwork and communication skills, and helps to solve financial problems by using unlimited internal resources and space in virtual space, and enables people with disabilities to perform in various professions. This paper investigated the value of virtual training as a comprehensive educational tool through an economical and efficient learning experience.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.185-191
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• 2012

This study was performed to screen fallow crops during winter period for improvement of soil quality and utilizing as mulching material in watermelon cropping system during winter period. Five fallow crops, mainly, hairy vetch, barley, rye, oat and wheat, were sown in early November. They were mowed for covering the soil surface instead of polyethylene (PE) film before watermelon planting in early April the following year. The highest absorbed nutrients and dry matter yield were found in rye. Bulk density in plots with fallow crop was lower than control plot. There was observed no significant differences among the fallow crops. However, porosity was the lowest in control plot. Soil EC reduced to 12%, 13%, 14%, 16% and 22%, respectively, by cultivation of hairy vetch, oat, wheat, barley and rye. Microbial biomass carbon and dehydrogenase activities were higher in soil treated with gramineous crops, such as barley, rye and oat. The growth of watermelon was more affected by regeneration of fallow crop than the occurrence of weed, especially in plots treated with rye or oat. Also, the fruit damage by aphid was found severe in these treatment plots. The fruit yield in plots treated with hairy vetch and barley was increased 5.7% and 2.6%, respectively, compared to that of PE films. The present experiment findings implied that these fallow crops had significant beneficial effects on improvement of soil qualities and could be utilized for mulching materials in watermelon cropping system.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.1149-1179
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to examine the participation of rural elderly people in senior employment programs, their satisfaction level and needs in an effort to provide some information on the improvement of rural elderly people's quality of life. The findings of the study were as follows: First, the largest group of the rural elderly people investigated took part in senior employment programs for the public good. The biggest group engaged in activities for environmental improvement, and the greatest group participated in these programs to earn their livelihood. Second, they were most satisfied with their relationship with the working-level employees of the institutions that were in charge of these programs, and they were least contented with their own pay. Third, the rural elderly people perceived that in terms of senior education for employment, customized education should primarily be conducted in consideration of the differences and diversity of senior citizens, and they faced the most difficulty due to traffic while they participated in these programs. Given the findings of the study, it's required to take measures to bolster the self-support of rural elderly people.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.409-419
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• 2001

The reference study was performed to investigate the nursing importance which was based a theoretical background related to horticultural therapy and to examine the possibility which horticultural therapy was applicable as a nursing intervention through analysis on a preceding study. The research subjects related to the areas of horticultural therapy which related as a nursing intervention, were psychological, physical, environmental, and psycho-social aspects. It is judged that the horticultural therapy is effective in treating depression, emotional disruption or anxiety. It seems to be also effective in increasing the muscular tension and, thereby, expanding the scope of joint movements. Such theories show that horticultural therapy may be a good alternative nursing means. Plants act to create a pleasant interior atmosphere by generating anion, controlling the temperature and humidity and purifying the air, and therefore, the horticultural therapy may be applied to clinic or environmental therapy. When horticultural therapy is used as a nursing intervention, patients' sociopsychological needs may be fulfilled. It has been found that horticultural therapy is instrumental in treating perceptive or emotional disruption, depression, loss of self-respect, disrupted everyday activities and social behaviors. In particular, horticultural therapy seems to be effective in managing chronic patients' crisis or improving life quality. Intervention method applied on a preceding study was activity therapy and scene therapy in the horticultural therapy The above findings suggest that the pro-environmental horticultural therapy is useful as a new paradigm of nursing or holistic nursing conducive to improvement of health. So, it is desirable to prove its effects by applying it in the clinic. In order to apply horticultural therapy as a nursing intervention, it will be necessary to educate nurses on principles and methods of horticultural therapy and encourage them to apply it in nursing and clinics. Moreover, it may well be necessary to develop landscape therapy as nursing intervention as well as a variety of horticultural therapy programs befitting the clinic conditions. On the other hand, we need to provide for some scientific ground for horticultural therapy through continued studies. In this regard, this study which focuses on patients' health improvement through change of environment. may well provide for a framework for such studies.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.171-181
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• 2008

Home care, known also as domiciliary care, is part of the community care service that is a responsibility of the local government authorities in the UK as well as many other countries around the world. The aim is to provide the care and support needed to assist people, particularly older people, people with physical or learning disabilities and people who need assistance due to illness to live as independently as possible in their own homes. It is performed primarily by care workers visiting clients' homes where they provide help with daily activities. This paper is concerned with the dispatching of care workers to clients in an efficient manner. The optimized routine for each care worker determines a schedule to achieve the minimum total cost (in terms of distance traveled) without violating the capacity and time window constraints. A collaborative population-based meta-heuristic called Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is applied to solve the problem. A particle is defined as a multi-dimensional point in space which represents the corresponding schedule for care workers and their clients. Each dimension of a particle represents a care activity and the corresponding, allocated care worker. The continuous position value of each dimension determines the care worker to be assigned and also the assignment priority. A heuristic assignment scheme is specially designed to transform the continuous position value to the discrete job schedule. This job schedule represents the potential feasible solution to the problem. The Earliest Start Time Priority with Minimum Distance Assignment (ESTPMDA) technique is developed for generating an initial solution which guides the search direction of the particle. Local improvement procedures (LIP), insertion and swap, are embedded in the PSO algorithm in order to further improve the quality of the solution. The proposed methodology is implemented, tested, and compared with existing solutions for some 'real' problem instances.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.2 no.1 s.5
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• pp.57-67
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• 2001

In 1999, a residence stock amounts to 11 million units and apartment housing holds 57.6 percent of the residence stock. Without proper remodeling for apartment housing, a significant portion of them would be expected to be demolished shorter than their life-time due to socioeconomic reasons. Apartment housing is maintained depending on government regulations such as 'Housing Construction Promotion Code' and 'Apartment Housing Maintenance Ordinance'. However, there are many problems with implementation of them. In order to solve the problems, we focus on the remodeling system that includes Maintenance of Apartment Housing, Finance and Taxation, Special Repair Appropriation Budget, Resource Quality and Standard Plan, and Remodeling associated with the code. And this study, which being compared with the foreign remodeling system, presents the improvement scheme of system for apartment housing remodeling. This study aims to promote remodeling apartment housing and provide the suitable scheme for remodeling activities.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.214-219
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• 2008

The aging of the population has been in process all over the world including most of advanced countries. With the improvement of living standards and medical technology due to the growth and development of the modern industrial society, the continuous Increase of the average lifespan has led to an abrupt growth in the population ratio of the aged. The senescence is the period where both physical and mental functions get dwindled, and due to a loss of roles in a society and a weakened social bond, the elderly people feel often neglected and isolated. Consequently, the elderly people spend a lot of time in their houses. As this means that the elderly gets higher possibility to stay within housing units and housing complex environment, residents' public space needs to be developed within the housing complex for them. Therefore, constructive programs and plans are required for the elderly who experience distance constraint because of corporal aging, for them to sustain community activities within their housing environment. Contrary to them in the 20th century, the elderly living in the nowadays informational society tend to enjoy their leisure times with arts and cultures and underscore the significance of social exchange under diverse possibility and sustainableness. Thus, it is important to preserve those circumstances to provide continuously them. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to grope a growth direction of residents' public space for the elderly to include them to their community through a socially integrated way by grasping present condition of apartment residents' public space's facilities and to be used practically as a basic housing environment data to raise quality of community life.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.137-147
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• 2022

In this study, for students who gave up their studies midway through college, we investigate the reasons for dropping out of college, analyze the factors that caused students to drop out, and suggest improvement measures to effectively increase the recruitment rate of enrolled students. This study explores measures to increase student enrollment in community colleges. For this purpose, it conducted a survey of students who dropped out of G College between 2018 and 2020 from June 28 to July 9, 2021. Its analysis is based on the results of 53 students who participated in the survey. First, our results suggest that programs to develop interpersonal relationships between students, faculty, and staff are necessary. Such programs will cultivate a culture of solidarity and collective identity among students, which in turn will reinforce positive experiences in college. Moreover, by developing systems to form relationships between faculty and students, colleges can have a feedback mechanism, such as an open-study program, through which they learn what the students want and need. Through this effort, colleges can help their students adjust to campuses and enhance student satisfaction in college. Second, it is necessary to develop various extracurricular programs not only for freshmen but existing students and to run hobby and leisure activity programs. To have continuous, standing extracurricular programs instead of one-time events, colleges should set up specific goals, delivery methods and strategies. Third, colleges should renovate old and outdated buildings and facilities on campus to enhance the quality of campus life. Moreover, more comprehensive improvement of facilities and a campus environment by having various convenient and leisure facilities that meet the needs and demands of students. Fourth, it is suggested to develop programs or systems that help students to more fully engage in campus lives and activities, which in turn increases confidence and self-efficacy among students. Through such programs, students can better adjust to their majors and, therefore, will be less likely to drop out of college.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.451-458
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• 2018

The coast of Incheon reaches Incheon itself, Gimpo, Siheung, and Ansan of Gyunggi-do. Because this area has been seriously polluted, the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries has established the Incheon Special Area Management Plan (SAMP) to preserve sea water quality as a marine environment asset. However, there is concern that actions taken in this area may change the surrounding marine ecology, being effected by farms, via a river that flows from waste lands, abandoned fishing activities and fishing nets, etc. Given this background, this study estimates the value of SAMP sea water quality using a choice experiment (CE). A CE survey of 1,000 households was undertaken, investigating trade-offs involving price and four attributes for selecting a preferred alternative to obtain a marginal willingness to pay (MWTP) estimate for each attribute. The estimation results showed that MWTP for a 1 %p improvement in sea water quality, the diversity of fauna species, the diversity of flora species, and a 1 %p reduction in marine litter as a result of conserving Incheon coastal sea water quality are estimated to be KRW 75, 135, 309 and 72 per household per year, respectively. All estimation results were statistically significant at the 1 % level. These findings can provide policy makers with useful information for evaluating and planning marine environmental management policies.