• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Near Infrared Spectroscopy Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.4112-4112
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• 2001

The feasibility of NIR spectroscopy as a quick and nondestructive method for quality control of uniformity of coating thickness of pharmaceutical tablets was investigated. Near infrared spectra of a set of pharmaceutical tablets with varying coating thickness were measured with a diffuse reflectance fiber optic probe connected to a Broker IFS 28/N FT-NIR spectrometer. The challenging issues encountered in this study included: 1. The similarity of the formulation of the core and coating materials, 2. The lack of sufficient calibration samples and 3. The non-linear relationship between the NIR spectral intensity and coating: thickness. A peak at 7184 $cm^{-1}$ was identified that differed for the coating material and the core material when M spectra were collected at 2 $cm^{-1}$ resolution (0.4 nm at 7184 $cm^{-1}$). The study showed that the coating thickness can be analyzed by polynomial fitting of the peak area of the selected peak, while least squares calibration of the same data failed due to the lack of availability of sufficient calibration samples. Samples of coal powder and solid pieces of coal were analyzed by FT-NIR diffuse reflectance spectroscopy with the goal of predicting their ash content, percentage of volatile components, and energy content. The measurements were performed on a Broker Vector 22N spectrometer with a fiber optic probe. A partial least squares model was constructed for each of the parameters of interest for solid and powdered sample forms separately. Calibration models varied in size from 4 to 10 PLS ranks. Correlation coefficients for these models ranged from 86.6 to 95.0%, with root-mean-square errors of cross validation comparable to the corresponding reference measurement methods. The use of FT-NIR diffuse reflectance measurement techniques was found to be a significant improvement over existing measurement methodologies in terms of speed and ease of use, while maintaining the desired accuracy for all parameters and sample forms.(Figure Omitted).

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.112-118
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• 2023

Internet of Things(IoT) technology is developing to a stage where the Internet and objects are connected and objects themselves analyze and judge data to interconnect the real world and the virtual world in real time. This technology consists of sensors, actuators, devices, and networks, and it is being applied in various fields. As the number of IoT devices and applications increases, data traffic also increases. In this paper, a messaging system is designed and implemented in order to analyze the performance between an IoT device and MQTT broker. The experimental was performed to measure MQTT-based round-trip time and message transmission time between the IoT device and the broker. The result shows that there is no packet loss, and propagation delay affects round-trip time.

• Journal of Software Engineering Society
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.8-14
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• 2018

As cloud computing has emerged as a hot trend in the IT industry, various types of cloud services have emerged. In addition, cloud service broker (CSB) technology has emerged to alleviate the complexity of the process of selecting the desired service that user wants among the various cloud services. One of the key features of the CSB is to recommend the best cloud services to users. In general, CSB can use a method to evaluate a service by receiving feedback about a service from users in order to recommend a cloud service. However, since each user has different criteria for giving a rating, there is a problem that reliability of service evaluation can be low when the rating is only used. In this paper, a method is proposed to supplement evaluation of rating based service by applying machine learning based sentiment analysis to cloud service user's review. In addition, the CSB prototype is implemented based on proposed method. Further, the results of comparing the performance of various learning algorithms is proposed that can be used for sentiment analysis through experiments using actual cloud service review as learning data. The proposed service evaluation method complements the disadvantages of the existing rating-based service evaluation and can reflect the service quality in terms of user experience.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2003.07a
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• pp.406-409
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 인터넷 QoS(Quality of Service)보장을 위하여 제안된 Diff-Serv(Differentiated Service)모델을 구현하고, QoS 를 보장하지 않는 BE(Best Effort)서비스와 우선 순위가 높은 패킷을 처리하여 QoS 를 보장하는 EF(Expedited Forwarding) 서비스의 차이를 통하여 Diff-Serv 망의 우수성을 입증하고자 한다. Diff-Serv 망은 BB(Bandwidth Broker)와 에지라우터 그리고 다수의 코어라우터로 구성된다. BB 로부터 라우터에 QoS Policy를 전송하기 위하여 COPS(Common Open Policy Service) 프로토콜을 구현하였으며, 사용자와 BB 사이의 SLAT/RAR(Service Level Agreement/Resource Allocation Request)를 처리하기 위하여 Admission Control 이라는 명명한 자체 프로토콜을 개발하였다. 구현된 Diff-Serv 망에서 QoS 보장 테스트를 위하여 19.2Mbps 대역폭이 요구되는 HDTV 스트리밍 서비스를 이용하여 인위적으로 Background Traffic 을 발생시켰을 때, BE 서비스만을 지원하는 망에서는 현저하게 서비스의 질이 떨어지는 반면에 Diff-Serv 망에서는 QoS가 보장됨을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.14 no.10
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• pp.189-197
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• 2009

As the web service technology matures. research is focused on the composite web services that combine individual web services within an enterprise or between enterprises. Quality of service is the critical competitiveness factor in this mature technology stage where there are many services with similar functionalities differing only in some non-functional properties. Monitoring is the key component for the service quality management of a web service. A service quality monitoring system design using a broker is presented in this paper. OWL-S is used to specify the composite service process and a service policy (inputs and outputs of each service, quality attributes and values, etc.) built by WS-Policy is applied to the composite service process. If there is any discrepancy between the service policy and the monitored data, the service provider and the user are notified of it so as to take necessary measures. We have implemented a travel reservation system as an example of the presented design and the experimental results are shown. Average response time was monitored and the timeout policy was applied in the experiment.

• Journal of Satellite, Information and Communications
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.137-142
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• 2017

In this paper, we propose proposed mobile wagering platform technology, where the buying lottery contents registered in secure storage through lottery technology can be used as a common experience in smartphones, smart pads, and PCs, etc. Currently, many people are producing and consuming various types of contents in bulk, and it is expected that real-time contents and old contents coexist as IoT(Internet of Things) technology is commonly deployed in the future. Therefore, we need to develop a differentiated service that can compete with global services in lottery contents authoring and collaboration systems to create new markets. Accordingly, we implemented an wagering service platform to occupy cloud markets with high quality lottery contents produced through collaboration.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.56-69
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• 2007

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the discourses and the patterns of problem solving behaviors among the nurse managers. The focus of the study was the difficult situations in caring with patients and their families. Methods: Field study was performed at a for-profit hospital from March, 2004 to March, 2007. The participants of the study were 5 head nurses and 2 nurses in charge. The data were collected with iterative interviews and participant-observations. For the analysis of the data, taxonomy and critical discourse analyzing were applied. Results: The nurse mangers who showed wholistic patterns of behavior took the role of a broker among the client system, professional nursing system, medical system, and other allied health system. The nurse managers whose approach was profession-centered took the role of protector of nursing system. The nurse manager who practiced nurse-oriented pattern of behavior tried not to have harm against other members of health system. The experiences of nurse managers were effected from the discourses of patriarchal and market mechanism. Conclusion: The situation that provoke conflict between clients and nurses become more common with the changes to the health care system and to society. Nurse managers take the role of these conflict problems. The successful solving of conflict in a nursing care setting promotes the quality of care and satisfaction of clients. Programs for enhancing nurse's problem solving competency should anchored be in their practices.

• Journal of Satellite, Information and Communications
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.1-7
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• 2016

In this paper, we propose contents authoring, management, and distribution technologies where the contents registered in secure storage through a content acquisition and authoring tool can be used as a common experience in smartphones, smart pads, and PCs. Currently, many people are producing and consuming various types of contents in bulk, and it is expected that real-time contents and old contents coexist as IoT(Internet of Things) technology is commonly deployed in the future. Therefore, we need to develop a differentiated service that can compete with global services in contents authoring and collaboration systems to create new markets. Accordingly, we implemented an authoring service platform to occupy cloud markets with high quality contents produced through collaboration.

• KIISE Transactions on Computing Practices
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.664-669
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• 2014

As the prevalence of cloud computing increases, various cloud service types have emerged, such as IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS. The growth and diversification of these cloud services has also resulted in the development of technology for cloud service brokers (CSBs), which serve as intermediate cloud services that can assist cloud tenants (users) in deploying services that fit their requirements. In order to broker cloud services, CSBs require the specification of structural models in order to facilitate the analysis and search for cloud services. In this study, we propose a variability-based service analysis model (SAM) that can be used to describe various cloud services. This model is based on the concept of variability in the software product line and represents the commonality and variability of cloud services by binding variants to each variation point that exists in the specification, quality, and pricing of the services. We also propose a virtual cloud bank architecture as a CSB that serves as an intermediate to provides tenants with appropriate cloud services based on the SAM.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.3 no.7
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• pp.219-230
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• 2014

In the cloud computing environment, cloud service users purchase and use the virtualized resources from cloud resource providers on a pay as you go manner. Typically, there are two billing plans for computing resource allocation adopted by large cloud resource providers such as Amazon, Gogrid, and Microsoft, on-demand and reserved plans. Reserved Virtual Machine(VM) instance is provided to users based on the lengthy allocation with the cheaper price than the one of on-demand VM instance which is based on shortly allocation. With the proper mixture allocation of reserved and on-demand VM corresponding to users' requests, cloud service providers are able to reduce the resource allocation cost. To do this, prior researches about VM allocation scheme have been focused on the optimization approach with the users' request prediction techniques. However, it is difficult to predict the expected demands exactly because there are various cloud service users and the their request patterns are heavily fluctuated in reality. Moreover, the previous optimization processing techniques might require unacceptable huge time so it is hard to apply them to the current cloud computing system. In this paper, we propose the cloud brokering system with the adaptive VM allocation schemes called A3R(Adaptive 3 Resource allocation schemes) that do not need any optimization processes and kinds of prediction techniques. By using A3R, the VM instances are allocated to users in response to their service demands adaptively. We demonstrate that our proposed schemes are able to reduce the resource use cost significantly while maintaining the acceptable Quality of Service(QoS) of cloud service users through the evaluation results.