• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제29권10호
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• pp.1396-1401
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• 2000

Although direct surgical treatment of the lesion in the pons may cause severe neurologic morbidity, safe route to minimize injuries of the important structures in the pons should be considered. The authors operated four cases of intrapontine lesions via safe approach route without causing severe neurologic complications. Two cases were intrapontine tumors and other two were intrapontine hematoma. An anaplastic astrocytoma($3{\times}3{\times}3cm$) located bilaterally in the pons was approached via midline of the median sulcus, and a metastatic tumor($1.5{\times}1.5{\times}1.5cm$) located at the left posterolateral aspect in the upper pons was approached via suprafacial space. Two cases of hematoma were evacuated via median sulcus, and supra- and infrafacial spaces. Preoperatively, quadriplegia, swallowing difficulty, diplopia, speech disturbance, and nystagmus were noted in a patient with an anaplastic astrocytoma. A patient with metastatic tumor showed mild right hemiparesis, right hemisensory disturbance, diplopia, and dizziness. Two patients with hematoma in the pons were comatous, and had contracted, fixed pupils. Postoperatively, a patient with an anaplastic astrocytoma recovered and a patient with a metastatic tumor showed temporary hemifacial palsy. Mental status was fully recovered normal even though facial palsy, diplopia, severe ataxia, dizziness, and tremor persisted in both patients with pontine hematoma. Careful operation based on the anatomical knowledge of the floor of the 4th ventricle is of prime importance in appraoching to the intrapontine lesion with minimal injuries of the eloquent structures during surgery.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.404-408
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• 2003

저자들은 경련, 구토를 주소로 입원한 환아에서 만성 경막하출혈과 망막출혈을 보여 흔들린 아이 증후군으로 진단한 5례를 경험하였다. 현재까지 국내에서는 보고와 연구가 드물지만 의료인이 흔들린 아이 증후군에 대한 가능성을 염두에 두고 좀 더 적극적으로 방사선 검사나 안과 검사를 시행하면 올바른 진단과 함께 치명적인 합병증의 발생을 감소시킬 수 있다고 사료되는 바 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.392-395
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• 2011

Idiopathic hypertrophic spinal pachymeningitis (IHSP) is a rare inflammatory disease characterized by hypertrophic inflammation of the dura mater and various clinical courses that are from myelopathy. Although many associated diseases have been suggested, the etiology of IHSP is not well understood. The ideal treatment is controversial. In the first case, a 55-year-old woman presented back pain, progressive paraparesis, both leg numbness, and voiding difficulty. Initial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated an anterior epidural mass lesion involving from C6 to mid-thoracic spine area with low signal intensity on T1 and T2 weighted images. We performed decompressive laminectomy and lesional biopsy. After operation, she was subsequently treated with steroid and could walk unaided. In the second case, a 45-year-old woman presented with fever and quadriplegia after a spine fusion operation due to lumbar spinal stenosis and degenerative herniated lumbar disc. Initial MRI showed anterior and posterior epidural mass lesion from foramen magnum to C4 level. She underwent decompressive laminectomy and durotomy followed by steroid therapy. However, her conditions deteriorated gradually and medical complications occurred. In our cases, etiology was not found despite through investigations. Initial MRI showed dural thickening with mixed signal intensity on T1- and T2-weighted images. Pathologic examination revealed chronic nonspecific inflammation in both patients. Although one patient developed several complications, the other showed slow improvement of neurological symptoms with decompressive surgery and steroid therapy. In case of chronic compressive myelopathy due to the dural hypertrophic change, decompressive surgery such as laminectomy or laminoplasty may be helpful as well as postoperative steroid therapy.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.249-256
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• 2004

Objectives : Wilson's disease is an autosomal recessive abnormality in the hepatic excretion of copper that results in toxic accumulation of the metal in liver, brain, and other organs. The purpose of this case study is to show a case with Wilson's disease treated with acupuncture therapy. Methods : We experienced a 17 year old male patient with a Wilson's disease whose main symptoms are neurological symptoms, such as spasticity, quadripleia and dysphagia. The patient was treated with acupuncture therapy for 3 weeks. Results : Spasticity was assessed by the modified Ashworth scale in an every week. 1. Lt. elbow, wrist and ankle joint improved Gr.III to Gr.II. 2. Rt. each joints and Lt. knee joint seemed to improve a little but no grade changed. Conclusions : This study is just one case and the period of acupuncture therapy is short, which make this case study less sufficient to decide the effect of acupuncture therapy. However, in this case study, acupuncture therapy seems somewhat effective to neurological symptoms of Wilson's disease, such as spasticity and quadriplegia. We suggest that oriental medicine should be studied to cure Wilson's disease from now on.

• 전자공학회논문지
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• 제50권12호
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• pp.129-137
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• 2013

최근 다양한 컴퓨터기반 장치들의 사용 확대에 따라 장애인에게도 정보접근의 용이성 확보가 요구되고 있다. 특히 사지를 움직일 수 없는 중증 장애인들을 위한 새로운 입력 인터페이스 기술의 개발이 절실히 요구된다. 이를 위해 본 논문에서는 중증 장애인이 활용 가능한 눈동자 움직임 및 깨물기를 통한 안전도(EOG)와 근전도(EMG)신호를 이용하여 아홉 가지의 명령이 가능한 인터페이스 시스템을 개발하였다. 구현된 시스템은 하드웨어로 구성된 센서모듈과 특징추출 및 패턴분류를 포함하는 소프트웨어부로 구성된다. 개발된 기술은 사용자의 편의성을 극대화하기 위해 두 개의 전극만을 이마부위에 부착하여 안전도와 근전도를 동시에 측정하고, 이를 통해 아홉 가지의 명령전달이 가능하도록 하였다. 성능평가를 위한 java 기반 실시간 모니터링 프로그램의 실험결과 92.52%의 인식률을 보였다. 또한, 구현된 시스템의 실용성을 입증하기 위해 다섯 종류의 명령을 이용하여 ER1 로봇의 조종에 성공적으로 적용 가능함을 보임으로써 장애인을 위한 새로운 인터페이스로서의 가능성을 보였다.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.115-130
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• 2000

Object: Show the treatment about Jungkijeung (Zhongqizheng) by distinguishing Apoplexy(Zhongfeng), yujungfung(Leizhongfeng), gualjung(Juezheng), and observation of cause, process, quality. Method: Researched definition, cause, process, treatment and herb med through chinese & korean medical publication refered to Jungkijeung(Zhongqizheng) Result: 1. Jungkijeung(Zhongqizheng) is simmilar to Apoplexy(Zhongfeng) that spiritual shock occurred to syncope, dysarthria, trismus, quadriplegia. But the symptom of Jungkijeung(Zhongqizheng) is coldness, no-sputum, sink-pluse; that of Apoplexy(Zhongfeng) is warmness, much secretion, float-pulse. 2. Jungkijeung(Zhongqizheng) is mainly caused by the serious anger and the reverse movement of spints by the seven emotional factor. The process of Jungkijeung(Zhongqizheng) are "Fire and Fever(huore)" "Weatness and sputum(shitan)", and most importantly "Weakness of vital-qi(qixi)" 3. The treatment of Jungkijeung(Zhongqizheng) is adjustment and circulation of jiao. In early stage, don't use of Apoplexial- Med. 4. As following herb-med are used for Jungkijeung (Zhongqizheng). Sohaphang-won(Suhexiangyan) is 18 times; Palmisungi-san(Baweishunqisan) is 13 times; Kang-tang(Jiangtang) is 8 times: Mokhyangsungi san(Muxiangshunqisan) is 6 times. 5. Atractylodes macrocephala KOIDZ(Baishu) is used for 40 times most frequently, Saussurea lappa CLARKE (Muxiang), Cyperus rotundus L (Xiangfuzi), Citrus unshiu MARCOR(Chenpi), Glycyrrhiza uralensis FISCH (Gancao), poria cocos WOLF (Furing), Panax ginseng NESS (Renshen) etc are orderly used. 6. Acupoints same as GV20(Baihui), LI4(Hegu), Liv2(Xingjian), 12 Junghyul(Jingxue) is used for acupunture. And CV8(Shenque), CV4(Guanyan) is used for moxibustion. Conclusion: As Jungkijeung(Zhangqizheng) is differed from Apoplexy(Zhongfeng), yujungfung(Leizhongfeng), gualjung(Juezheng), we must also cure Jungkijeung (Zhongqizheng) to the other disease. It is need to distinguishment Jungkijeung(Zhongqizheng) from neurotic, psychotic disease, though similar to conversation neurosis.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.785-794
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• 1998

We have made a survey of 40 patients in the university hospitals and oriental medical centers in Seoul from Sep. 1, 1997 to Mar. 1, 1998. We sampled 25 of them and the result shows that there were 12 MCA damaged patients(48%), 5 SAH(20%), 5 ACA(20%), 2 PCA (8%), 1 PCOA(4%). The number of MCA patients were the most. 1. As the cause of each disease, 4 of the 12 MCA damaged patients(33.35%) have infarction and cerebral hemorrhage, 2 of 5 SAH patients(40%) have cerebral hemorrhage and head injury, 3 ACA damaged patients have cerebral hemorrhage. 11 of 25 brain bloodvessel damaged patients(44%) were hemorrhage patients. 2. Rt. hemiparesis was the main symptom of 6 of 12 MCA damaged patients(50%) and 3 of 5 SAH patients(60%), and the main symptom of 3 of 5 ACA patients(60%) was Lt. hemiparesis. The main symptom of 13 of 25 brain bloodvessel damaged patients(52%) was Lt. hemiparesis 11 of them(44%) Rt. hemiparesis, and 1 of them(8.3%) Quadriplegia. 3. Language was the most well preserved function. 12 MCA damaged patients could understand language. 4. Retraction of shoulder girdle, among VIE flexor synergy, was the most frequent element because 9 of 12 MCA damaged patients had it. Among VIE flexor synergy, 5 SAH patient's most frequent synergy was Elbow flexion because all of them had it. All of 5 ACA damaged patients have shoulder girdle elevation, shoulder joint, hyperextension, abduction, and external rotation among VIE flexor synergy. 5. 7 of 12 MCA damaged patients(58.3%) were stereognosis handicapped patients, 3 of 5 SAH patients(60%) have handicap of position sense, light touch, and temperature, 3 of 5 ACA patients(60%) have position handicap. 13 of brain bloodvessel damaged patients(52%) have light touch handicap. 6. 8 of MCA damaged patients(66.7%) have facial palsy, 4 of SAH damaged patients(80%) have memory and action decline, and 3 of ACA damaged patients(60%) have action decline and facial palsy. The problem of Hemiplegia is very extensive from muscle weakness, atrophy, or deformation to psychical problems. Therefore physical therapists should have sufficient interest in psychological handicap as well as physical handicap as they deal with adult hemiplegia.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.148-162
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• 1994

A Literature study was done for identifying the effects of Bloodletting on C.V.A. The major results of the study were as follows. 1. The frequency of points of Bloodletting on C.V.A. were in order Twelve well point, Ship son, Gold SalivaJade Fluid, Paekoe, Chungchung, Sugu, Sosang, Taechu, Wijung, Kwanchung, etc. 2. The frequency of meridians of Bloodletting on C.V.A. were in order Extra-point, Tongmaek-kyong, Su-gworum-Shimpo-Kyong, Susoyang-Samcho-Kyong, Sutaeum-Pye-Kyong, Choktaeyang-Panggwang-Kyong. ete. 3. The frequency of the site of points of Bloodletting on C.V.A. were in order four extremities, face, neck and head, etc. 4. The effects of Bloodletting on C.V.A. is clear away heat and alleviate pain, therapy for waking up a patient from unconsciousness, dredge the meridian passage, expel wind-evil and promote blood circulation, emergency treatment for collapse, etc, 5. The effects of Bloodletting on the early stage of C.V.A. were wake up the patient from unconsciousness by clearing away the heat and The effects of Bloodletting on sequence of C.V.A. were dredge the meridian passage, 6. The frequency of points and meridians of Bloodletting on Hemiplegia were in order Twelve well point, Kyonjong, Extra-point, Chok soyang-Tam-Kyong, etc. 7. The frequency of points and meridians of Bloodletting on Aphasia were in order Gold Saliva Jade Fluid, Amun, Extra-point, Tongmaek-Kyong, etc. 8. The frequency of points and meridians of Bloodletting on Quadriplegia were in order Ship son, Twelve well point, Koktaek, Wijung, Extra-point, Chok soyang-Tam-Kyong, etc. 9, The frequency of points and meridians of Bloodletting on Vertigo were in order Four Gods Cleverness, Tuyu. Chanjuk, Paekoe, Taeyang, Extra-point, Yang-Kyong, etc. 10. The frequency of points and meridians of Bloodletting on Headache were in order Taeyang, Paekoe, Taechu, Extra-point, Tongmaek-Kyong, Yang-Kyong, etc. 11. The points and meridians of Bloodletting on Bells palsy were Chichang, Hyopko in Yangmyong-Kyong.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.96-104
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• 2017

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the hip joint strengthening exercises using proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) on the clinical symptoms and the treatment effects in balance, sit to stand, and gait abilities in patients with TBI. Design: A single case study. Methods: A 13-year-old adolescent with quadriplegia and hip joint control impairment participated in this four-week training intervention. The patient, diagnosed with TBI, wastreated with hip joint strengthening exercises using PNF. In the first week, we focused on strengthening the body, relaxing the hip flexors and activating the hip extensor muscles in order to solve the patient's physical function and body structure. From the 2nd and 4th week, we improved the motivation through the task-oriented method, and then weight-bearing training of the right lower extremity was proceeded by kicking a soccor ball with the left lower extremity. The exercises were performed for 4 weeks, 5 days a week, for 60 minutes with the exercise intensity gradually increased according to the subject's physical abilities. Results: As a result of the study, the patient demonstrated improvements in the physical examination, which were evaluated before and after intervention and included the manual muscle test, modified Ashworth scale, sensory assessment, coordination assessment, Berg balance scale, 5-time sit to stand test, and the 10 meters walk test. Conclusions: The results of this case suggest that a hip joint strengthening exercise program using PNF may improve hip control ability, balance, sit to stand and gait ability in a patient with TBI.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.129-142
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• 1994

The purpose of this study determine and compare spinal cord injured(SCI) patients’ and nurses’ perceptions of SCI patients’ learning needs about altered elimination and then provide nursing data for more effective SCI patients’ learning process. Data collection was done from September 3 to October 2, 1993. For this study, 36 SCI Patients(12 paraplegia, 24 quadriplegia) and 20 nurses who were working neurosurgery or rehabilitation unit in 3 general hospitals in C and I city were selected. Data collection was accomplished by Questionnaire method and the instrument developed by the investigator, elicited information about learning needs about altered elimination of SCI patients from SCI patient, nurse, rehabilitation doctor, nursing professor, nursing graduate students. The questionnaire composed altered urinary elimination part with 10 categories and altered bowel elimination part with 10 categories. The results of this study were as follows : 1. There was no significant difference in learning needs about altered urinary elimination of the paraplegic SCI patients’ perceptions and nurses’ perceptions of the paraplegic SCI patients. But there was significant difference in learning needs about altered urinary elimination of the quadriplegic SCI patients and nurses’ perceptions of the quadriplegic patients(t=2.48, p=.017). 2. There was no significant difference in learning needs about altered bowel elimination of the paraplegic SCI patients’ perceptions and nurses’ perceptions of the paraplegic SCI patients. But there was significant difference in learning needs about altered bowel elimination of the quadriplegic SCI patients and nurses’ perceptions of the quadriplegic patients(t=-3.00. p=.005). 3. Degree of paraplegic SCI patients’ perceived learning needs about altered urinary elimination was 2.4083 and quadriplegic SCI patients’ perceptions were 2.0750. Degree of paraplegic SCI patients’ perceived learning needs about altered bowel elimination was 2.3972 and quadriplegic SCI patients' perceptions were 2.181.