• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.817-826
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• 2001

In this paper, we implemented QPSK(Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying) modem which is widely used for communication systems, using a general Digital Signal Processor(DSP), TM320C31. Up to now, almost all of communication systems consist of hardware. However, the implemented system herein is composed of software and hardware part. Software part includes the modulation process, before passing D/A(Digital-to-Analog Converter) and the demodulation process, after passing A/D(Analog-to-Digital Converter) in IF(Intermediate Frequency) node. Hardware part is related to input, output and process of signal. To demonstrate the successful implementation of modem, the output results obtained from DSP processor are compared with the simulated result on the personal computer.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.61 no.3
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• pp.437-441
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• 2012

In this paper, we have designed and manufactured 10MHz power source for the application of short distance wireless power transmission. The designed power source consists of a DDS(direct digital synthesizer) signal generator, a buffer driver and a balanced power amplifier. Short range wireless power transmission is usually carried out by near-field inductive coupling between source and load. The distance variation between source and load gives rise to the change of load impedance of power amplifier, which has effect on the operation of power amplifier. To overcome this problem due to load variation of power amplifier, we have adopted the balanced power amplifier using the quadrature hybrid implemented by lumped capacitors and a mutually coupled coil. The experiment results show the above 40dBm output power, frequency range of 9 to 11MHz, and total DC power consumption of 36W.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.148-154
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• 2005

This paper deals with performance degradations caused by RF I/Q impairments such as amplitude mismatch and phase mismatch in W-CDMA user equipment which uses QPSK(Quadrature Phase Shift Keying) modulation. The impacts of I/Q impairments on the BER(Bit Error Rate) are analyzed by using the variations of adjacent symbol distance. The BER versus amplitude mismatch and phase mismatch with QPSK constellation is reviewed through Matlab simulation. Performance degradation produced by RF I/Q impairments is measured with the implemented RF transceiver and modulation/demodulation test equipments through EVM(Error Vector Magnitude). The minimum performance requirements of amplitude mismatch and phase mismatch in W-CDMA user equipment are presented from the point of hardware implementation and the test method of the impairments is also included.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.1029-1062
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• 2016

In this research, the nonlinear free vibration analysis of boron-nitride micro ribbon (BNMR) on the Pasternak elastic foundation under electrical, mechanical and thermal loadings using modified strain gradient theory (MSGT) is studied. Employing the von $K{\acute{a}}rm{\acute{a}}n$ nonlinear geometry theory, the nonlinear equations of motion for the graphene micro ribbon (GMR) using Euler-Bernoulli beam model with considering attached mass and size effects based on Hamilton's principle is obtained. These equations are converted into the nonlinear ordinary differential equations by elimination of the time variable using Kantorovich time-averaging method. To determine nonlinear frequency of GMR under various boundary conditions, and considering mass effect, differential quadrature element method (DQEM) is used. Based on modified strain MSGT, the results of the current model are compared with the obtained results by classical and modified couple stress theories (CT and MCST). Furthermore, the effect of various parameters such as material length scale parameter, attached mass, temperature change, piezoelectric coefficient, two parameters of elastic foundations on the natural frequencies of BNMR is investigated. The results show that for all boundary conditions, by increasing the mass intensity in a fixed position, the linear and nonlinear natural frequency of the GMR reduces. In addition, with increasing of material length scale parameter, the frequency ratio decreases. This results can be used to design and control nano/micro devices and nano electronics to avoid resonance phenomenon.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.63 no.2
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• pp.171-180
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• 2017

Static and dynamic instability of a viscoelastic carbon nanotube (CNT) embedded on a thermo-elastic foundation are investigated, in this research. The CNT is modeled based on Euler-Bernoulli beam (EBB) and nonlocal small scale elasticity theory is utilized to analyze the structure. Governing equations of the system are derived using Hamilton's principle and differential quadrature (DQ) method is applied to solve the partial differential equations. The effects of variable axial load and diverse boundary conditions on static/vibration instability are studied. To verify the result of the DQ method, the Galerkin weighted residual approach is used for the instability analysis. It is observed appropriate agreement for results of two different solution methods and satisfactory accuracy with those obtained in prior studies. The results of this work could be useful for engineers and designers in order to produce and design nano/micro structures in thermo-elastic medium.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.64 no.5
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• pp.591-610
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• 2017

This paper is concerned with the static analysis of variable thickness of two directional functionally graded porous materials (FGPM) circular plate resting on a gradient hybrid foundation (Horvath-Colasanti type) with friction force and subjected to compound mechanical loads (e.g., transverse, in-plane shear traction and concentrated force at the center of the plate).The governing state equations are derived in terms of displacements based on the 3D theory of elasticity, assuming the elastic coefficients of the plate material except the Poisson's ratio varying continuously throughout the thickness and radial directions according to an exponential function. These equations are solved semi-analytically by employing the state space method (SSM) and one-dimensional differential quadrature (DQ) rule to obtain the displacements and stress components of the FGPM plate. The effect of concentrated force at the center of the plate is approximated with the shear force, uniformly distributed over the inner boundary of a FGPM annular plate. In addition to verification study and convergence analysis, numerical results are displayed to show the effect of material heterogeneity indices, foundation stiffness coefficients, foundation gradient indices, loads ratio, thickness to radius ratio, compressibility, porosity and friction coefficient of the foundation on the static behavior of the plate. Finally, the responses of FG and FG porous material circular plates to compound mechanical loads are compared.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.67 no.1
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• pp.21-31
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• 2018

In this work, the dynamic stability of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) reinforced composite pipes conveying pulsating fluid flow is investigated. The pipe is surrounded by viscoelastic medium containing spring, shear and damper coefficients. Due to the existence of CNTs, the pipe is subjected to a 2D magnetic field. The radial induced force by pulsating fluid is obtained by the Navier-Stokes equation. The equivalent characteristics of the nanocomposite structure are calculated using Mori-Tanaka model. Based on first order shear deformation theory (FSDT) or Mindlin theory, energy method and Hamilton's principle, the motion equations are derived. Using harmonic differential quadrature method (HDQM) in conjunction with the Bolotin's method, the dynamic instability region (DIR) of the system is calculated. The effects of different parameters such as volume fraction of CNTs, magnetic field, boundary conditions, fluid velocity and geometrical parameters of pipe are shown on the DIR of the structure. Results show that with increasing volume fraction of CNTs, the DIR shifts to the higher frequency. In addition, the DIR of the structure will be happened at lower excitation frequencies with increasing the fluid velocity.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.75 no.1
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• pp.1-18
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• 2020

Present research is aimed to investigate the free vibration behavior of functionally graded (FG) nanocomposite conical panel reinforced by graphene platelets (GPLs) on the elastic foundation. Winkler-Pasternak elastic foundation surrounds the mentioned shell. For each ply, graphaene platelets are randomly oriented and uniformly dispersed in an isotropic matrix. It is assumed that the Volume fraction of GPLs reainforcement could be different from layer to layer according to a functionally graded pattern. The effective elastic modulus of the conical panel is estimated according to the modified Halpin-Tsai rule in this manuscript. Cone is modeled based on the first order shear deformation theory (FSDT). Hamilton's principle and generalized differential quadrature (GDQ) approach are also used to derive and discrete the equations of motion. Some evaluations are provided to compare the natural frequencies between current study and some experimental and theoretical investigations. After validation of the accuracy of the present formulation and method, natural frequencies and the corresponding mode shapes of FG-GPLRC conical panel are developed for different parameters such as boundary conditions, GPLs volume fraction, types of functionally graded and elastic foundation coefficients.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.99-115
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• 2020

This article deals with the dynamic analysis in pad concrete foundation containing Silica nanoparticles (SiO₂) subject to seismic load. In order to control the foundation smartly, a piezoelectric layer covered the foundation. The weight of the building by a column on the foundation is assumed with an external force in the middle of the structure. The foundation is located in soil medium which is modeled by spring elements. The Mori-Tanaka law is utilized for calculating the equivalent mechanical characteristics of the concrete foundation. The Kevin-Voigt model is adopted to take into account the structural damping. The concrete structure is modeled by a thick plate and the governing equations are deduced using Hamilton's principle under the assumption of higher-order shear deformation theory (HSDT). The differential quadrature method (DQM) and the Newmark method are applied to obtain the seismic response. The effects of the applied voltage to the smart layer, agglomeration and volume percent of SiO₂ nanoparticles, damping of the structure, geometrical parameters and soil medium of the structure are assessed on the dynamic response. It has been demonstrated by the numerical results that by applying a negative voltage, the dynamic deflection is reduced significantly. Moreover, silica nanoparticles reduce the dynamic deflection of the concrete foundation.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.1-10
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• 1988

A higher order plate bending finite element using cubic in-plane displacement profiles is proposed for geometrically nonlinear analysis of thin and thick plates. The higher order plate bending element has been derived from the three dimensional plate-like continuum by discretization of the equations of motion by Galerkin weighted residual method, together with enforcing higher order plate assumptions. Total Lagrangian formulation has been used for geometrically nonlinear analysis of plates and consistent linearization by Newton-Raphson method has been performed to solve the nonlinear equations. The element characteristics have been computed by, selective reduced integration technique using Gauss quadrature to avoid shear locking phenomenon in case of extremely thin plates. Several numerical examples were solved with FEAP macro program to demonstrate versatility and accuracy of the present higher order plate bending element.