• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.24 no.11
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• pp.71-77
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• 2008

In this study, CPT-based methodology for estimating the ultimate lateral resistance, $p_u$, is proposed and verified for lateral loaded piles in sandy soil. Preexistent methods estimating the ultimate lateral resistance, $p_u$, and the ultimate lateral capacity, $H_u$, of pile have been based on the vertical effective stress, relative density, and the coefficient of lateral earth pressure. Similarly, cone resistance $q_c$ in pure sandy soil is expressed by those essential factors. As correlation between $p_u$ and $q_c$ are normalized with average effective stress ${\sigma}_m$, estimation methodology for the lateral loaded pile of $p_u$ in sandy soil is proposed. The method is verified by calibration chamber test results in pure sand. The standard derivation of estimated $p_u$ is 0.279, and COV (Coefficient Of Variation) of estimated $p_u$ is 0.272. These results showed that the estimated pus by the method are analogous with the measured $p_us$ in calibration chamber test.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.99-105
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• 2000

한반도 동남부 지역에서 발생하고 관찰된 약진 또는 중진의 자료를 이영하여 이 지역의 Q값과 지진원의 특성인 모서리 주파수 (fc), 응력강하량(Δ$\delta$) 및 모멘크규모 (Mw)를 산정하였다. 가속도 스펙트럼의 경사와 관련된 x의 통계학적 분포로부터 추정한 Q의 95% 신뢰범위는 1656~2454 이다. 1998년 1월 18일 울산 앞바다 지진과 1997년 6월 26일 경주지진의 지진원 요소를 구한 결과 fc 는 각각 4.22Hz , 2.94Hz, Δ$\delta$는 각각 106.8 bar, 106.2 bar, Mw는 각각 3.9, 4.0으로 추정되었다. 제한된 자료수로 인하여 이들의 통계학적 성질을 충분히 규명하지는 못하였지만 다른 연구자들의 기존결과와 유사한 값을 보인다. 본 연구의 결과는 강진동 모사에 직접 이용이 가능하며, 이 지역에 위치한 원자력 발전소 내진 안전성 검토에도 이용될 수 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.55-62
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• 2005

The use of the bearing capacity equation is subjected to several uncertainties. In this study, estimation of the bearing capacity of footings based on the cone resistance q$_{c}$ is investigated. Non-linear finite element analyses based on a state-dependent stress-strain model were performed to obtain the load-settlement responses of axially loaded circular footings. Various soil and footing conditions, including different relative densities, depths of embedment, and footing diameters were considered in the analyses. Based on the finite element results, load-settlement curves were obtained and used to determine the unit limit bearing capacity in terms of the cone resistance q$_{c}$ for footings subjected to surcharge. Values of the unit bearing capacity for different embedment depths were in a narrow range, while considerable variation was observed with relative density D$_{R}$. It was observed that the unit limit bearing capacity normalized with respect to q$_{c}$ decreases as D$_{R}$ increases for a given surcharge.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.61-68
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• 2001

Turbine blade in nuclear plant is subject to cyclic bending fatigue by high steam pressure. Especially, fatigue fracture is caused by low stress below yielding stress. Photograph by SEM doesn't have striation but photograph by AFM has striation on the fatigue fractured surface of 12% Cr steel used in turbine blade. Surface roughness $R_q$ has the linear relation with respect to stress intensity factor range ΔK and is increased linearly according to load amplitude $\textit{\Delta}P$. In this study loading condition applied to turbine blade is predicted by the relation between the gradient of $R_q$ to $\textit{\Delta}K$ and load amplitude $\textit{\Delta}P$.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.147-152
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• 2020

This paper is within the framework of an adhered complete contact problem wherein the contact between a half plane and sharp edged indenter, both of which are elastic in character, is constituted. The eigensolutions of the contact shear and normal stresses, σ_rq and σ_q, respectively, are evaluated via asymptotic analysis. The ratio of σ_rq/σ_qq is investigated and compared with the coefficient of friction, μ, of the contact surface to observe the propensity to slip on the contact surface. Interestingly, there exists a region of |σ_rθ/σ_θθ| ≥ |μ|. Thus, slipping can occur, although the problem is solved under the condition of an adhered contact without slipping. Given that a tribological failure potentially occurs at the slipping region, it is important to determine the size of the slipping region. This aspect is also factored in the paper. A simple example of the adhered contact between two elastically dissimilar squares is considered. Finite element analysis is used to evaluate generalized stress intensity factors. Furthermore, it is repeatedly observed that slipping occurs on the contact surface although the size of it is extremely small compared with that of the contacting squares. Therefore, as a contribution to the field of contact mechanics, this problem must be further explained logically.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.58-67
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• 1996

In the present study, the pressure distribution, wall shear stress distribution and friction factor of developing turbulent pulsating flows are investigated theoretically and experimentally in the entrance region of a square duct. The pressure distribution for turbulent pulsating flows are in good agreement with the theoretical values. The time-averaged pressure gradients of the turbulent pulsating flows show the same tendency as those of turbulent steady flows as the time-averged Reynolds number $(Re_{ta})$ increase. Mean shear stresses in the turbulent pulsating flow increase more in the inlet flow region than in the fully developed flow region and approach to almost constant value in the fully developed flow region. In the turbulent pulsating flow, the friction factor of the quasi-steady state flow $({\lambda}_{q, tu})$ follow friction factor's law in turbulent steady flow. The entrance length of the turbulent pulsating flow is not influenced by the time-averaged Reynolds number $(Re_{ta})$ and it is about 40 times as large as the hydraulic diameter.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.371-378
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• 1995

YBCO 산화물 초전도체의 초소성 변형에 대한 최적 변형조건을 파악하고자 80$0^{\circ}C$~93$0^{\circ}C$의 온도범위에서 1.0 $\times$ $10^{-3}$s^{-1}$!1.0 $\times$ $10^{-7}$s^{-1}$의 초기변형속도로 압축시험을 수행하였다. 변형속도 민감지수는 m=0.50 $\pm$ 0.1로 나타났다. 이는 결정립계 미끄러지\ulcornerㄹ 주 변형기구로 하는 초소성임을 의미한다. 결정립크기에 따른 유동응력과의 관계는 $\sigma$\propto$d^{1.8 $\pm$ 0.3}$의 지수함수식을 이루고 있으며 Nabarro-Hering 크\ulcorner과 상응하는 격자확산이 확산경로임을 보였다. 초소성 변형에 대한 활성화에너지는 Q=571 $\pm$ 30 kJ/mole이었다. 본 실험온도 구간에서 압축 변형시 변형속도, 변형응력 및 결정립크기에 따른 고온 변형거동 관계식은 $\varepsilon$=A$\sigma$^{2.00 $\pm$ 0.04 - 1.8 $\pm$ 0.3}$ exp(-571 $\pm$ 30kJ/RT)와 같이 유도 되었다. 본 실험조건에서 최적 초소성 변형조건은 86$0^{\circ}C$ 부금, 초기변형속도 ~1.0 $\times$ $10^{-4}$S^{-1}$이었다.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.1857-1862
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• 2008

Resonant frequency tuning of micro devices is essential to achieve performance uniformity and high sensitivity. Previously reported frequency tuning methods using electrostatic force or mass deposition are not directly applicable to non-conducting polymer devices and have limitations such as dielectric breakdown or low tunable bandwidth. In this paper, thermally frequency-tunable microactuators with poly-dimethylsiloxane membranes are proposed. Permanent and/or nonpermanent frequency tunings are possible using a simple temperature control of the device. Resonant frequency and Q-factor variations of devices according to temperature change were studied using a micro heater and laser Doppler vibrometer. The initial resonant frequencies determined by polymer curing and hardening temperatures are reversibly tuned by thermal cycles. The measured resonant frequency of 9.7 kHz was tuned up by ${\sim}25%$ and Q-factor was increased from 14.5 to 27 as the micro heater voltage increased from 0 to 70 V.

• Geotechnical Engineering
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.61-74
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• 1992

In order to provide fundamental data for the design of geotextile drains, the in-plane permeability coefficients were determined by tests and permeable cllaracteristics were investigated, mainly on domestic nonwoven and composite getextile products used for drainage purpose. The results obtained are as follows, The thickness, the in-plane permeability coefficient and the transmissivity with the in- crease of compressive stress are found to be remarkably decreased when the compressive stress is lass than about 10KN/m2. The inflane permeability of filament nonwovens are found to be lower than that of composites or staple-fiher nonwovens, and the compressibility of the geotextile shown to be larger for the polyester nonwovens than for the polypropylene nonwovens. The relation of compressive stress, q and compressibility, Cr is expressed as Cr=13.37 In q+23.28 and that of compressibility on the basis of 2KN /m2, Cr' and decrease ratio of in-plane permeability coefficient is followed Pr: 1.25Cr'

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.53-62
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• 1999

Micro polysilicon actuators, which are widely used in the field of MEMS (Microelectromechanical System) technology, were fabricated using polysilicon thin layers. Polysilicon deposition were carried out to have symmetrical layer structures with a LPCVD (Low Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition) system, and we have measured physical characteristics by micro test patterns, such as bridges and cantilevers to verify minimal mechanical stress and stress gradient in the polysilicon layers according to the methods of mutilayer deposition, doping, and thermal treatment, also, analyzed the properties of each specimen, which have a different process condition, by XRD, and SIMS etc.. Finally, the fabricated planar polysilicon resonator, symmetrically stacked to $6.5{\mu}m$ thickness, showed Q of 1270 and oscillation ampitude of $5{\mu}m$ under DC 15V, AC 0.05V, and 1000 mtorr pressure. The developed micro polysilicon resonator can be utilized to micro gyroscope and accelerometer sensor.